5.1 An accurate measure of the total absorbed dose is necessary to ensure the validity of the data taken, to enable comparison to be made of data taken at different facilities, and to verify that components or circuits are tested to the radiation specification applied to the system for which they are to be used.5.2 The primary value of a calorimetric method for measuring dose is that the results are absolute. They are based only on physical properties of materials, that is, the specific heat of the calorimeter-block material and the Seebeck EMF of the thermocouple used or the temperature coefficient of resistance (α) of the thermistor used, all of which can be established with non-radiation measurements.5.3 The method permits repeated measurements to be made without requiring entry into the radiation cell between measurements.1.1 This test method covers a calorimetric measurement of the total absorbed dose delivered by a single pulse of electrons from an electron linear accelerator or a flash X-ray machine (FXR, e-beam mode). The test method is designed for use with pulses of electrons in the energy range from 10 to 50 MeV and is only valid for cases in which both the calorimeter and the test specimen to be irradiated are “thin” compared to the range of these electrons in the materials of which they are constructed.1.2 The procedure described can be used in those cases in which (1) the dose delivered in a single pulse is 5 Gy(matl)2 [500 rd (matl)] or greater, or (2) multiple pulses of a lower dose can be delivered in a short time compared to the thermal time constant of the calorimeter. The units for the total absorbed dose delivered to a material require the specification of the material and the notation “matl” refers to the active material of the calorimeter. The minimum dose per pulse that can be acceptably monitored depends on the variables of the particular test, including pulse rate, pulse uniformity, and the thermal time constant of the calorimeter.1.3 A determination of the total dose is made directly for the material of which the calorimeter block is made. The total dose in other materials can be calculated from this measured value using Eq 3 presented in this test method. The need for such calculations and the choice of materials for which calculations are to be made shall be subject to agreement by the parties to the test.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parenthesis are provided for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Determination of sulfur is, by definition, part of the ultimate analysis of coal.Sulfur analysis results obtained by these methods are used to serve a number of interests: evaluation of coal preparation, evaluation of potential sulfur emissions from coal combustion or conversion processes, evaluation of the coal quality in relation to contract specification, and other purposes of commercial or scientific interest.1.1 These test methods cover two alternative procedures for the determination of total sulfur in samples of coal and coke. Sulfur is included in the ultimate analysis of coal and coke.1.2 The procedures appear in the following order: SectionsMethod A—Eschka Method 6-9Method B—Bomb Washing Method 10 and 111.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Sections 11.1.1-11.1.1.7.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

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Cyanides are known to be toxic to man, but more so to fish and other aquatic life. The complexity of the chemistry of cyanides has led to the coexistence of several cyanide species in the environment. The presence of cyanides in industrial, domestic, and surface water is cause for concern. Several regulations and standards require continuous monitoring of cyanides in different types of water and wastes. The automated test methods presented offer useful tools for such monitoring. (See also Practice D 4193.)1.1 These test methods cover the determination of different species of cyanides and thiocyanate in water and waste water, namely weak acid dissociable cyanide, total cyanide, and thiocyanate ().1.1.1 Total Cyanide This test method determines all the weak acid dissociable cyanides and the strong metal-cyano-complexes, such as ferrocyanide [Fe(CN)6] 4, ferricyanide [Fe(CN)6]3, hexacyanocolbaltate [Co(CN) 6]3, and those of gold and platinum.1.1.2 Weak Acid Dissociable CyanideThis test method basically determines free cyanides, as CN and HCN, and weak metal-cyano-complexes such as [Cd(CN) 4] 2 and [Mn(CN)6] 3. Iron complexes are not included.1.1.3 Strong cyanide complexes, like those of iron, cobalt, etc., can be determined by difference, that is, cyanide complexes = total cyanides weak acid dissociable cyanides.1.1.4 Thiocyanate This test method determines the thiocyanate as the difference between another measurement that includes total cyanide plus thiocyanate and the value of total cyanide, that is, thiocyanate = total cyanide plus thiocyanate total cyanide.1.2 Cyanates and cyanogen halides are not detected. Cyanogen chloride hydrolyzes to cyanate at the pH of sample preservation (12).1.3 Most of the organo-cyano-complexes are not measured, with the exception of the weak cyanohydrins.1.4 These test methods apply to different types of water, waste water (raw sewage, sludge, and effluent), sludge, some industrial waste, and sediments. Sample matrixes should be evaluated by the user. The reported precision and bias (see Section ) may not apply to all samples.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 9.

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5.1 Accurate measurement of organic carbon in water at low and very low levels is of particular interest to the electronic, life sciences, and steam power generation industries.5.2 Elevated levels of organics in raw water tend to degrade ion exchange resin capacity. Elevated levels of organics in high purity water tend to support biological growth and, in some cases, are directly detrimental to the processes that require high purity water.5.3 In power generation, naturally occurring organics can become degraded to CO2 and low molecular weight organic acids that, in turn, are corrosive to the process equipment. Their effect on conductivity may also cause water chemistry operating parameters to be exceeded, calling for plant shutdown. Halogenated and sulfonated organics may not be detectable by conductivity but at boiler temperatures will release highly corrosive chlorides, sulfates, etc.5.4 In process water in other industries, organic carbon can signify in-leakage of substances through damaged piping and components, or an unacceptable level of product loss.5.5 In wastewater treatment, organic carbon measurement of influent and process water can help optimize treatment schemes. Measurement of organic carbon at discharge may contribute to regulatory compliance.5.6 In life sciences, control of organic carbon is necessary to demonstrate compliance with regulatory limits for some types of waters.1.1 This guide covers the selection, establishment, and application of monitoring systems for carbon and carbon compounds by on-line, automatic analysis, and recording or otherwise signaling of output data. The system chosen will depend on the purpose for which it is intended (for example, regulatory compliance, process monitoring, or to alert the user to adverse trends) and on the type of water to be monitored (low purity or high purity, with or without suspended particulates, purgeable organics, or inorganic carbon). If it is to be used for regulatory compliance, the test method published or referenced in the regulations should be used in conjunction with this guide and other ASTM test methods. This guide covers carbon concentrations of 0.05 µg/L to 50 000 mg/L. Low end sensitivity and quantitative results may vary among instruments. This guide covers the on-line measurement techniques listed in Table 1. Additional laboratory test methods are available: Test Methods D4129, D4839, D5904, D6317, and D7573.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 9.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method is useful for the determination of total chemically bound nitrogen in wastewaters and other waters.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total nitrogen content of water in concentrations from 0.5 to 1000 mg/L. Higher nitrogen concentrations may be determined by making the proper dilutions.1.2 This test method does not determine molecular nitrogen (N2).1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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2.1 Nonvolatile matter determination is useful as a quality control test, when used in conjunction with other tests, to assure specification compliance.1.1 This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile matter (total solids) in a water-emulsion, organic solvent-based liquid and paste floor polishes, and polymer-emulsion-type floor polishes.1.2 This test method recognizes that the products may contain material that will slowly volatilize or change chemically with a resulting change in weight of the nonvolatile matter. Therefore, since drying to constant weight is impractical, specific drying times have been selected.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This test method can be used to determine total sulfur levels in process feeds and finished products that fall within the scope of this test method.4.2 Low levels of sulfur in process feed stocks can poison expensive catalysts used in petroleum refining processes. This test method can be used to monitor sulfur levels in these feedstocks.1.1 This test method covers the determination of total sulfur in liquid hydrocarbons with a final boiling point less than 450 °C by gas chromatography using a flame photometric detector.1.2 This test method is applicable for total sulfur levels from 0.5 mg/kg S to 100 mg/kg S.NOTE 1: The pooled limit of quantification (PLOQ) derived from the 2002 interlaboratory cooperative test program was determined to be 1 mg/kg S.NOTE 2: Samples can also be tested at other total sulfur levels, but the precision statements may not apply.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Section 7.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 In specific end uses, the amount and composition of the ash may influence the capabilities and certain desired properties of activated carbon.4.2 Other automated methods for determination of ash content, such as combusting the carbon in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) in flowing air or oxygen, can be used in place of this test method. A suitable method is described in Test Methods D7582. For determination of the ash content of activated carbon, follow the procedure in 13.5.3 of Test Methods D7582, with the exception that the furnace temperature in 13.4.3 shall be 650 ± 25 °C. The muffle furnace method shall be considered the reference test method.1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the determination of total ash content of activated carbon.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Petroleum-based diesel may be blended with biodiesel. High levels of free glycerin in biodiesel can cause injector deposits (“gel effect”), as well as clogging fuel systems. High levels of unreacted glycerides can cause injector deposits and can adversely affect cold weather operation and filter plugging.1.1 This test method covers and describes an anion exchange chromatography procedure for determining free and total glycerin content of biodiesel (B100) and blends (B0 to B20) with diesel fuel oils defined by Specification D975 Grades 1-D, 2-D, and low sulfur 1-D and 2-D and Specification D6751 (for B100 feedstocks). It is intended for the analysis of biodiesel and blend samples containing between 0.5 mg/kg to 50 mg/kg glycerin.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The presence and concentration of oil and grease in domestic and industrial wastewater is of concern to the public because of its deleterious aesthetic effect and its impact on aquatic life.5.2 Regulations and standards have been established that require monitoring of TOG and TPH in produced water and wastewater.1.1 This test method covers the determination of total oil and grease, and total petroleum hydrocarbons in produced water and wastewater by an infrared (IR) determination of n-hexane extractable substances from the sample. Included in this estimation of total oil and grease are any other compounds soluble in the n-hexane.1.2 This test method defines total oil and grease in produced water and wastewater as that which is extractable in the test method and measured by IR absorption from 3.34 µm to 3.54 µm (2825 cm-1 to 2994 cm-1). Similarly, this test method defines total petroleum hydrocarbons in produced water and wastewater as that oil and grease which is not adsorbed by silica gel in the test method, and is measured by IR absorption from 3.34 µm to 3.54 µm (2825 cm-1 to 2994 cm-1). Alternative methods for total oil and grease or total petroleum hydrocarbons, or both, can produce differing results.1.3 This method covers the range of 5 mg/L to 175 mg/L for total oil and grease and the range of 5 mg/L to 50 mg/L for total petroleum hydrocarbons. The range may be extended to a lower or higher level by extraction of a larger or smaller sample volume collected separately.1.4 This test method uses horizontal attenuated total reflectance (HATR) with a cubic zirconia crystal.1.5 This test method is intended as a field test only and should be treated as such. This method is not intended to replace laboratory-based regulatory methods currently in use.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Guide D3856 for more information.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The presence of mercury in industrial discharge, domestic discharge, and potable water is of concern to the public because of its toxicity. Regulations and standards have been established that require the monitoring of mercury in water. This test method provides an analytical procedure to measure total mercury in water.1.1 This test method2 covers the determination of total mercury in water in the range from 0.5 to 10.0 μg Hg/L (1).3 The test method is applicable to fresh waters, saline waters, and some industrial and sewage effluents. It is the user's responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for waters of untested matrices.1.1.1 The analyst should recognize that the precision and bias of this standard may be affected by the other constituents in all waters, as tap, industrial, river, and wastewaters. The cold vapor atomic absorption measurement portion of this method is applicable to the analysis of materials other than water (sediments, biological materials, tissues, etc.) if, and only if, an initial procedure for digesting and oxidizing the sample is carried out, ensuring that the mercury in the sample is converted to the mercuric ion, and is dissolved in aqueous media (2, 3).1.2 Both organic and inorganic mercury compounds may be analyzed by this procedure if they are first converted to mercuric ions. Using potassium persulfate and potassium permanganate as oxidants, and a digestion temperature of 95°C, approximately 100 % recovery of organomercury compounds can be obtained (2, 4).1.3 The range of the test method may be changed by instrument or recorder expansion or both, and by using a larger volume of sample.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 A method for the disposal of mercury-containing wastes is also presented (Appendix X1) (5).1.6 Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 1.6 and 7.8.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This test method may be used to determine the total nitrogen content of certain unknown organic samples, or to assay known nitrogen containing organic compounds.4.2 This test method may be used on organic materials in which the complete conversion of nitrogen to ammonium sulfate can be accomplished by digestion in a mixture of sulfuric acid, potassium sulfate, and mercuric oxide. It cannot be used on materials containing N–O, N–N linkages.4.3 This test method assumes that ammonia can be quantitatively measured by distillation from an alkaline solution into a measured volume of standard acid.1.1 This test method covers the determination of total nitrogen in nitrogen-containing organic compounds. This test method is not applicable for use on materials containing N-O, N-N linkages.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: Another method of restricted application is given in Test Method D1013.

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AbstractThese test methods cover determination of the total normal emittance of surfaces by means of portable, inspection-meter instruments. At least two different types of instruments are commercially available for performing this measurement. Test Method A uses an instrument which measures radiant energy reflected from the specimen and Test Method B utilizes an instrument which measures radiant energy emitted from the specimen. Both test methods are limited in accuracy by the degree to which the emittance properties of calibrating standards are known and by the angular emittance characteristics of the surfaces being measure. Test Method A is normally subject to a small error caused by the difference in wavelength distributions between the radiant energy emitted by the two cavities at different temperatures, and that emitted by a blackbody at the specimen temperature. Test Method B also has nongray errors since the detector is not at absolute zero temperature. Test Method A is subject to small errors that may be introduced if the orientation of the sensing component is changed between calibration and specimen measurements. This type of error results from minor changes in alignment of the optical system. Test Method A is subject to error when curved specular surfaces of less than about a certain radius are measured. These errors can be minimized by using calibrating standards that have the same radius of curvature as the test surface. Test Method A can measure reflectance on specimens that are either opaque or semi-transparent in the wavelength region of interest. However, if emittance is to be derived from the reflectance data on a semi-transparent specimen, a correction must be made for transmittance losses. Test Method B is subject to several possible significant errors. These may be due to variation of the test surface temperature during measurements, differences in temperature between the calibrating standards and the test surfaces, changes in orientation of the sensing component between calibration and measurement, errors due to irradiation of the specimen with thermal radiation by the sensing component, and errors due to specimen curvature. Test Method B is limited to emittance measurements on specimens that are opaque to infrared radiation in the wavelength region of interest. 1.1 These test methods cover determination of the total normal emittance (Note 1) of surfaces by means of portable, as well as desktop, inspection-meter instruments. Note 1: Total normal emittance (εN) is defined as the ratio of the normal radiance of a specimen to that of a blackbody radiator at the same temperature. The equation relating εN to wavelength and spectral normal emittance [εN(λ)] is where: L b(λ, T)   =   Planck's blackbody radiation function = c1λ−5(ec2/λT − 1)−1, c1   =   3.7415 × 10−16W·m 2, c2   =   1.4388 × 10−2 m·K, T   =   absolute temperature, K, λ   =   wavelength, m,   =   σT4, and σ   =   Stefan-Boltzmann constant = 5.66961 × 10 −8 W·m−2·K−4 1.2 These test methods are intended for measurements on large surfaces, or small samples, or both, when rapid measurements must be made and where a nondestructive test is desired. They are particularly useful for production control tests. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The concentration of nitrogen is a measure of the presence of nitrogen-containing additives. Knowledge of its concentration can be used to predict performance.1.1 This test method covers the determination of nitrogen in lubricating oils when present in the concentration from 0.03 % to 0.10 % by mass, and for the determination of nitrogen in fuel oils when present in the concentration from 0.015 % to 2.0 % by mass. This test method is also applicable to the analysis of additive concentrates and additive packages.NOTE 1: This test method may not be applicable to certain materials containing N–O or N–N linkage. However, the samples used in the cooperative program to establish the precision of the test method were compounded with currently available ashless additives containing nitrogen. Complete recovery of the nitrogen present in these additives was obtained.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.6, 7.9, and 9.8.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method is necessary because of the need for rapid reliable tests for carbonaceous material in waters and sediments.5.2 It is used for determining the concentration of organic carbon in water that comes from a variety of natural, domestic, and industrial sources. Typically, these measurements are used to monitor organic pollutants in domestic and industrial waste water.5.3 When a sample is homogenized so that particulate, immiscible phases, and dissolved carbon from both organic and inorganic sources is determined, the measurement is called total carbon (TC). When inorganic carbon response is eliminated by removing the dissolved CO2 prior to the analysis or the dissolved CO2 concentration subtracted from the total carbon concentration, the measurement is called total organic carbon (TOC). When particulates and immiscible phases are removed prior to analysis the measurement is called dissolved carbon (DC), or dissolved organic carbon (DOC) if inorganic carbon response has been eliminated.5.4 Homogenizing or sparging of a sample, or both, may cause loss of volatile organics, thus yielding a negative error. The extent and significance of such losses must be evaluated on an individual basis. If significant quantities of volatile carbonaceous materials are present or may be present in samples organic carbon should be determined by the difference between the total carbon and the inorganic carbon concentrations. When organic carbon determined both by difference and by sparging agree it is acceptable to determine organic carbon by sparging for similar samples.5.5 The relationship of TOC to other water quality parameters such as COD and BOD is described in the literature.51.1 This test method covers the determination of total and organic carbon in water and waste water, including brackish waters and brines in the range from 2 to 20 000 mg/L. This test method has the advantages of a wide range of concentration which may be determined without sample dilution and the provision for boat or capillary introduction of samples containing sediments and particulate matter where syringe injection is inappropriate.1.2 This procedure is applicable only to that carbonaceous matter in the sample that can be introduced into the reaction zone. When syringe injection is used to introduce samples into the combustion zone, the syringe needle opening size limits the maximum size of particles that can be present in samples. Sludge and sediment samples must be homogenized prior to sampling with a micropipetor or other appropriate sampler and ladle introduction into the combustion zone is required.1.3 The precision and bias information reported in this test method was obtained in collaborative testing that included waters of the following types: distilled, deionized, potable, natural, brine, municipal and industrial waste, and water derived from oil shale retorting. Since the precision and bias information reported may not apply to waters of all matrices, it is the user’s responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method on samples of other matrices.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 9.1 and 10.2.1.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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