4.1 Cleaning provides well documented benefits in terms of creating cleaner, safer, and healthier surroundings by extracting harmful pollutants from the indoor environment (see Ref (3)). An improperly maintained indoor environment could give rise to biological contaminants, and buildup of particulate matter and gases which can have serious health effects. These negative impacts may have adverse affects on worker productivity affecting both cleaning personnel and tenants through increased complaints, absenteeism, injuries, asthmatic incidents, or other symptoms. Inappropriate or improper use or selection of cleaning products and processes, along with failure to follow label directions could result in injury or illness to cleaning personnel or building occupants. In addition, it may be detrimental to the physical structure and systems of the building, or to the environment. Moreover, owners and operators maintain the liability for the proper function of the building and its impacts on the occupants and cleaning personnel.4.1.1 This guide provides a basic reference for the development and preservation of a building environment that is considered safe and healthy for occupants, while reducing the stress on the overall environment as a result of routine maintenance. The anticipated users of this guide include building managers, cleaning personnel, product suppliers and distributors, union representatives, and building occupants who serve together in a stewardship role regarding the maintenance of the building. This guide is intended to raise pertinent questions regarding specific building environments in order that an appropriate stewardship strategy may be developed, for example:4.1.1.1 How is the building used?4.1.1.2 Are there any special cleaning requirements?4.1.1.3 Are there any at-risk populations that need to be considered, such as children, asthmatics, or pregnant woman?4.1.1.4 How are cleaning materials used?4.1.1.5 Are there any special issues relevant to construction and furnishings?4.1.1.6 Are there any issues relating to building age/architectural, such as historic preservation requirements?4.1.1.7 are there any engineering concerns, such as HVAC systems and natural ventilation?4.1.1.8 How is the quality of cleaning being evaluated or measured?4.1.2 Regardless of the specific requirements, this guide will help in the formulation of a comprehensive plan resulting in reduced risk to cleaning personnel, building occupants, and the environment.4.2 This guide will help the building owner and operator understand the cleaning process through the following:4.2.1 The development of a stewardship plan (see Section 6), will clarify the level of cleanliness that is required or expected, and will ensure that the cleaning process is carried out in a consistent manner with adequate communication feedback to promote success of the plan.4.2.2 An understanding of extended product responsibility (see Section 7) and the importance of shared responsibility. This section includes task identification and performance requirements, process and product selection, use, storage, and disposal.4.2.3 An identification of the training and communications issues (see Section 8) that will encourage involvement with the entire chain-of-commerce in the cleaning process. These issues are related to both procedural training and feedback opportunities for cleaning personnel, as well as information sharing with building tenants to inform them of possible cleaning process impacts.1.1 This guide covers a procedure to assist owners and operators of commercial and institutional buildings in the stewardship of cleaning and housekeeping operations. The focus of this guide is to address appropriate cleaning activities and processes, to promote eco-efficiency and sustainability, and to avoid adverse impacts on the building occupants, cleaning personnel, the building structure itself, and the environment. Adherence to the principles set forth in this guide can lead to greater tenant/occupant satisfaction, reduced operational costs and greater productivity (of occupants and cleaning personnel).1.2 This guide will focus on the development of a stewardship plan and will include the assessment of cleaning processes, product selection, storage, usage, disposal, equipment, training of cleaning personnel and communication throughout the chain-of-commerce.1.3 This guide addresses issues relating to the operation and maintenance of the heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems which can have a major impact on indoor air quality (IAQ) only to the extent that the HVAC system provides adequate ventilation to lower risk to cleaning personnel, building occupants and the environment during or as a result of the cleaning process.1.4 This guide is for use in a building that is maintained by either in-house cleaning personnel or an outside cleaning contractor.1.5 This guide is not intended for construction related activities, but may be appropriate for post construction clean-up.1.6 This guide is not intended as a procedural guide for cleaning personnel.1.7 This guide is not intended for use in residential buildings.1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.9 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 The maximum energy input rate test is used to confirm that the dishwasher is operating at the manufacturer's rated input prior to further testing. This test method also will indicate any problems with the electric power supply, gas service pressure, or steam supply flow or pressure.5.2 Tank and booster temperatures, as well as water consumption, are adjusted to NSF specifications to insure that the test is applied to a properly functioning dishwasher.5.3 Because much of a dishwasher's operating period is spent in the idle condition, tank heater and booster idle energy consumption rate(s) are important parts of predicting dishwasher's energy consumption.5.4 The washing energy performance test determines energy usage per rack. This is useful both as a measure for comparing the energy performance of one dishwasher to another and as a predictor of the dishwasher’s energy consumption.5.5 Water-consumption characterization is useful for estimating water and sewage costs associated with dishwashing machine operation.1.1 This test method evaluates the energy and water consumption of rack conveyor, commercial dishwashing machines, hereafter referred to as dishwashers. Dishwashers may have remote or self-contained booster heater. This procedure does not address cleaning or sanitizing performance.1.2 This test method is applicable to both hot water sanitizing and chemical sanitizing rack conveyor machines, which include both single tank and multiple tank machines. Rackless conveyors (i.e. flight type machines) are included. Dishwasher tank heaters are evaluated separately from the booster heater. Machines designed to be interchangeable in the field from high temp and low temp (i.e. Dual Sanitizing Machines) and vice versa, shall be tested at both settings. Machines should be set for factory settings. If a dishwasher includes a prewash tank heater as an option, energy should be submetered separately for the prewash tank heater. This test method may be used for dishwashers with steam coil tank or booster heat, but not dishwashers with steam injection tank or booster heat. When the test method specifies to use the data plate or manufacturer’s recommendations, instructions, specifications, or requirements, the information source shall be used in the following order of preference and documented in the test report: data plate, user manual, communication with manufacturer.1.3 The following procedures are included in this test method:1.3.1 Procedures to Confirm Dishwasher is Operating Properly Prior to Performance Testing: 1.3.1.1 Maximum energy input rate of the tank heaters (10.5).1.3.1.2 Maximum energy input rate of the booster heater, if applicable (10.6).1.3.1.3 Final sanitizing rinse water consumption calibration (10.7).1.3.1.4 Booster temperature calibration, if applicable (10.2).1.3.1.5 Wash tank temperature calibration (10.3).1.3.1.6 Wash tank pump and conveyor motor calibration (10.4).1.3.2 Energy Usage and Cycle Rate Performance Tests: 1.3.2.1 Washing energy performance test (10.8).1.3.2.2 Tank heater idle energy rate (10.9).1.3.2.3 Booster idle energy rate, if provided (10.10).1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

5.1 This guide provides criteria for evaluating the capability of a laboratory to properly perform commercial cooking appliance energy consumption and cooking-energy efficiency evaluations, and to establish essential characteristics pertaining to the organization, personnel, facilities, and quality systems of the laboratory.1.1 The scope of this guide includes the laboratory and organizational requirements to test commercial cooking and warming appliances (for example, griddles, fryers, ovens, steam cookers, and hot food holding cabinets) for preheat energy consumption and time, idle energy rate, cooking-energy efficiency, and production capacity, in accordance with the appropriate ASTM test methods under the jurisdiction of Committee F26, including the following:Test Method F1275Test Method F1361Test Methods F1484Test Method F1496Test Methods F1521Test Method F1605Test Method F1639Test Method F1695Test Method F1784Test Method F1785Test Method F1786Test Method F1787Test Method F1817Test Method F1964Test Method F1965Test Method F1991Test Method F2093Test Method F2140Test Method F2142Test Method F2144Test Method F2237Test Method F2238Test Method F2239Test Method F2380Test Method F24731.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers hot-rolled carbon steel sheet and strip, in coils and cut lengths. The cast or heat analysis of the steel shall conform to the chemical composition for copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, and columbium. The bending properties are measured.1.1 This specification covers hot-rolled carbon steel (CS) sheet and strip, in coils and cut lengths, in which the maximum of the specified carbon range is over 0.15 and not over 0.25 % and the maximum of the specified manganese range is not over 0.90 %. This material is ordered to chemical composition.1.2 This specification is not applicable to the steels covered by Specification A635/A635M.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers manually fed, spray-type, stationary rack, automatically controlled, dump type, chemical sanitizing commercial dishwashing machines. Dishwashing machines shall be of the following types, styles, classes: type I - Straight-through model, 34 in. nominal table height. This machine is used in line with table on each side, type II - Corner model, 34 in. nominal table height. This machine is used in corner placement forming a 90° table on each side, and type III - Under counter, front load. This machine may be installed under counters; style A - single rack, and style B - double rack. No leakage shall occur when tested at pressures up to 125 % of the manufacturer's recommended supply line pressure. The dishwasher materials, construction, operation cycle, electrical equipment, lubrication, and coating shall meet the requirements prescribed.1.1 This specification covers manually fed, spray-type, stationary rack, automatically controlled, dump type, chemical sanitizing commercial dishwashing machines.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 The dielectric breakdown voltage and dielectric strength of an insulating gas in a uniform field depends primarily on the molecular structure of the gas. As different gases are mixed either by plan or by contamination, any change in dielectric breakdown voltage and dielectric strength will depend on both the nature and proportion of the individual gases. This test method uses plane and spherical electrodes which provide a nearly uniform field (see Appendix) in the area of electrical discharge. It is suitable for determining the dielectric breakdown voltage and dielectric strength of different gases and mixtures thereof for research and application evaluations and also as a field test. A more complete discussion of the significance of the dielectric strength test is given in the Appendix.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielectric breakdown voltage and dielectric strength of insulating gases used in transformers, circuit breakers, cables, and similar apparatus as an insulating medium. The test method is applicable only to gases with boiling points below room temperature at atmospheric pressure.1.2 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA's website — http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state may be prohibited by state law.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification defines the minimum filtration efficiency requirements for achieving HEPA performance for filtration systems of residential and commercial vacuum cleaners. Only residential and commercial vacuum cleaning products that are used in non-critical applications (applications not requiring the removal of hazardous dust as defined per IEC 60335-2-69) are covered by this specification.1.1 This specification defines industry acceptable test methods and approaches for evaluating residential and commercial vacuum cleaner filtration systems to HEPA filtration performance levels.1.2 This specification defines the minimum filtration efficiency requirements for achieving HEPA performance for filtration systems of residential and commercial vacuum cleaners.1.3 This specification applies only to residential and commercial vacuum cleaning products that are used in non-critical applications. Non-critical applications refers to applications not requiring the removal of hazardous dust as defined per IEC 60335-2-69.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 The pressure drop results can be added to the pressure drops of other components in an exhaust system to determine the total exhaust fan pressure requirement.5.2 The particulate capture efficiency can be used with known particulate size emission data for a cooking appliance-food product combination to determine the total mass of grease particles captured by the filter, the total mass of grease particles that pass through the filter, and the particle size distribution of the grease particles that pass through the filter. Fig. 1 shows an example particle capture efficiency curve.FIG. 1 Particle Capture Efficiency Example Curve1.1 This test method can be used to determine the grease particle capture efficiency of components and systems used in commercial kitchens to capture grease effluent prior to entering the exhaust duct. The results can be used to select a filter system best suited to a particular application.1.2 This test method is applicable to filter components and systems. The performance information is obtained for new or clean filters and does not include the performance of used or loaded filters.1.3 The filter can be evaluated with respect to the following (where applicable):1.3.1 Pressure drop as a function of airflow through the filter (10.3), and1.3.2 Particulate capture efficiency by particle size (10.4).1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This test method may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

This specification covers detergent feeders, rinse additive feeders, and sanitizing agent feeders intended to automatically maintain the concentration of additives in the wash, recirculated rinse, or non-recirculated rinse water of commercial spray- type dish-washing and glass-washing machines. Detergent, rinse additive, and sanitizing agent feeders shall be of the following types and styles: Types I, II, III, IV, V, and VI; and Style I; II; III; IV; V; and VI. Materials used shall be free from defects that would adversely affect the performance or maintainability of individual components or of the overall assembly. The feeder shall be complete so that when connected to the specified source of power (electrical or water, or both), the unit can be used for its intended function. Feeders shall be tested in accordance with specified requirements.1.1 This specification covers detergent feeders, rinse additive feeders, and sanitizing agent feeders intended to automatically maintain the concentration of additives in the wash, recirculated rinse, or non-recirculated rinse water of commercial spray-type dishwashing and glasswashing machines.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 10, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers manually fed, spray-type, stationary rack, automatically controlled chemical sanitizing commercial dishwashing machines. These machines can be classified into two types: Type I is used in line with the table on each side and Type II is used in corner placement forming a 90° side. In terms of mode of heating, there are three styles of dishwashing machines: Style 1 is steam heated with two classes namely Class A which uses injector and Class B which uses heat exchange coil; Style 2 is electrically heated; and Style 3 is gas heated with two classes namely Class C which uses natural gas and Class D which uses LP gas. Materials used shall be free from defects that would adversely affect the performance or maintainability of individual components of the overall assembly. These materials shall consist of corrosion-resistant steel, corrosion-resisting material, and nickel-copper alloy. The dishwashing machine shall be complete so that when connected to the specified source of power, water supply, heating means (steam, electric, or gas), drainage, detergent, sanitizer and rinse agent feeder as applicable, the unit can be used for its intended function. Dishwashers shall be rigid, quiet in operation, free from objectionable vibration, and so constructed as to prevent objectionable splashing of water or overflow of water to the outside of the machine. Parts requiring adjustment or service, or both shall be readily accessible. Requirements of electrical equipment, gas equipment, steam equipment, lubrication, and painting for the dishwashing machine shall be discussed.1.1 This specification covers manually fed, spray-type, stationary rack, automatically controlled chemical sanitizing commercial dishwashing machines.Note 1—Several standards that apply generally to the product described in this specification are listed in the Appendix X1.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units in parentheses are provided for information only.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion: Section 13, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

This specification covers commercial food waste disposers intended for the grinding of food waste. Commercial disposers shall be of two types, namely: Type and Type II. The materials shall conform to the specified requirements and include the following: corrosion resistant steel, aluminum alloy, abrasion-resistant cast iron, austenitic gray iron, copper tube, brass pipe, alloy steel, black and galvanized pipe, and gaskets and seals. The disposer construction requirements including requirements for the following are detailed: (1) valves and fittings, (2) hopper (upper housing), (3) grind chamber (lower housing), (4) shredded ring, (5) flywheel, (6) cutting teeth, (7) water seal, (8) bearings, (9) motor, (10) wiring and circuit protective devices, (11) support leg(s), and (12) plating, coating, and painting. Leakage and operations test shall be performed.1.1 This specification covers commercial food waste disposers intended for the grinding of food waste.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 9, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 The purpose of this practice is to bring about uniformity of commercial moisture standards in all ASTM specifications relating to wool and its products.4.2 This practice provides a recommended single value for a standardized commercial moisture content for wool and its products. This avoids difficulties encountered in calculating the amount of moisture-free fiber present in a given mass of wool in any one of the forms listed in 1.1.1 to 1.1.8 due to trade practices which recognize various commercial moisture allowance values used by certain segments of the trade. (See Test Method D584, Section 3.5, Table D1909,D1909 Note E, and the Tables in Practice D2720).4.3 The recommended commercial moisture content should be used where it is desirable to avoid problems in determining moisture-free fiber content when the form of the wool is changed. For example: from scoured wool (12.0 % moisture content) to worsted yarn, dry spun (13.04 % moisture content).1.1 This practice recommends that a single value be adopted for the commercial moisture content of wool in any of the following forms:1.1.1 Scoured,1.1.2 Carbonized and neutralized,1.1.3 Noils, uncarbonized,1.1.4 Top, oil or dry combed,1.1.5 Yarn, worsted,1.1.6 Yarn, woolen,1.1.7 Yarn, hand knitting, or1.1.8 Fabric.1.2 Limitations—Grease wool, pulled wool, and wool with pH below 5.0 are excluded from this practice.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 This test method provides an indication of the capability of the vacuum cleaner to remove embedded dirt from carpeting. This test method is based upon results of home cleaning tests so that, in most cases, a reasonable correlation exists between home and laboratory results. The amount of dirt picked up in the laboratory test may not be the same as in the home; however, it will show that, in most cases, a vacuum cleaner that performs well in the laboratory will perform well in a home. Laboratory results may differ due to variations in the homes, carpets, dirt, and other factors (see Section 6).4.2 In order to provide a uniform basis for measuring the performance described in 1.1, standardized test carpets and a standardized test dirt are employed in this procedure.1.1 This test method covers only a laboratory test for determining the relative carpet dirt removal effectiveness of household/commercial vacuum cleaners when tested under specified conditions.1.2 This test method is applicable to household/commercial types of upright, canister, and combination cleaners.1.3 The test method applies to embedded dirt removal from carpets, not the removal of surface litter and debris.NOTE 1: The F11.21 subcommittee is actively pursuing new market relevant carpets with the assistance of the carpet industry. Although plush and Frieze carpet panels are no longer available for purchase, some laboratories may still have samples for testing. In such cases, the table values remain valid.NOTE 2: Due to the influence of environmental conditions, variations in time, origin of test materials, and proficiency of the operator, most of the described test methods will give more reliable results when applied for comparative testing of a number of appliances at the same time, in the same laboratory, and by the same operator until a new interlaboratory study has been completed to provide repeatability and reproducibility values.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory as a referee method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of yarn or manufactured staple fibers.5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use the samples for such a comparative test that are as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. The test results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its casuse must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.5.2 Option I is in common use in other countries, particularly in Europe.45.3 Option II is used to calculate the commercial mass of as-produced manufactured filament yarns (except some producer-textured yarns), manufactured staple fibers, and tows. This option is intended to reflect the mass of fiber remaining after fiber lubricants and processing aids are removed.5.4 Option III is used to calculate the commercial mass of spun yarns, textured yarns, tops, and slivers. When materials are sold on a CMRU basis, the purchaser pays for the fiber lubricant or other removable processing aids.5.5 Option IV is in common use with impregnated aramids.5.6 When it can be shown that solvent extraction or another method of testing gives the same results, or results that have a constant ratio to those obtained by the scour procedure, that method may be used for routine testing of known production but should not be substituted for a scour on new or unknown material. For the determination of extractable matter, refer to Test Method D2257.5.6.1 When the finish is not removable by a water scour, a solvent extraction may be substituted on agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.5.7 Under certain circumstances, samples taken from yarns and manufactured staple fibers and tows can change moisture content rapidly. For this reason, very careful planning and handling of samples are required to prevent major biases in commercial mass results.1.1 This test method provides a measurement of the commercial mass of a shipment of yarn or manufactured staple fiber or tow. This test method applies to (1) yarn of all fiber types except silk, glass, asbestos, and bast; (2) tops and slivers of all fiber types except wool, silk, glass, asbestos, and bast; and (3) manufactured fibers or tow, except glass and other fibers used for special purposes such as flock (Note 1).NOTE 1: For other test methods for measuring mass of fibrous materials, refer to Practice D2720.1.1.1 Sampling in this test method is primarily for use in acceptance testing rather than production control. manufactured fiber producers usually sample for the commercial “mass” of product on an on-going basis rather than each shipment to a customer.1.2 Commercial mass has been traditionally based on one of three options depending on the state of the material: (1) dried, unscoured yarn, staple fiber, tow, and so forth, using commercial moisture regain in the calculations; (2) dried, scoured yarn, staple fiber, tow, and so forth, using commercial moisture regain values in the calculations; and (3) dried, scoured yarn, staple fiber, tow, and so forth, using a defined allowance in the calculations.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers commercial bulk milk dispensers for dispensing milk in commercial and institutional food service establishments. These specified commercial bulk milk dispensers are self-contained, manually-operated, gravity-fed, mechanically refrigerated cabinets with lift-up valves used for dispensing refrigerated milks and milk fluid products. Commercial bulk milk dispensers covered in this specification are classified by type, electrical class and size. In this specification, types 1, 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A are determined and covered. For electrical classes of bulk milk dispenser, the classes 1 and 2 are described. Sizes 1 to 3 of milk dispenser are used in this specification to describe commercial bulk milk dispenser. The physical properties of commercial bulk milk dispenser are also covered in this specification wherein the design and manufacturer, the cooling system, the controls, the standards and compliance and the accessories are specified in accordance with agreed requirements and specifications. Sampling, testing, and quality assurance of finished units are also covered in this specification wherein these tests and procedures must be met in accordance with ANSI/UL 471 and NSF/ANSI 20.1.1 This specification covers commercial bulk milk dispensers which are for dispensing milk in the commercial and institutional food service establishments. These commercial bulk milk dispensers are self-contained, manually-operated, gravity-fed, mechanically refrigerated cabinet(s) with lift-up or push-type valves. These units are intended to dispense refrigerated milk and fluid milk products.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车