This specification establishes the minimum requirements for the mechanical design, manufacture, inspection and testing of circular metallic bellows-type expansion joints used to absorb the dimensional changes resulting from piping thermal expansion or contraction, as well as the movements of terminal equipment and supporting structures. This specification indicates the ordering information for each expansion joint, such as the dimensional limitations, internal liner, end fittings, and flow medium. It also identifies the quality workmanship requirements, materials needed for manufacture, and other possible requirements.1.1 This specification establishes the minimum requirements for the mechanical design, manufacture, inspection and testing of circular metallic bellows-type expansion joints used to absorb the dimensional changes resulting from piping thermal expansion or contraction, as well as the movements of terminal equipment and supporting structures.1.2 Additional or better features, over and above the minimum requirements set by this specification, are not prohibited by this specification.1.3 The layout of many piping systems provides inherent flexibility through natural changes in direction so that any displacements produce primarily bending or torsional strains, within acceptable limits. Where the system lacks this inherent flexibility the designer should then consider adding flexibility through the use of metallic bellows-type expansion joints.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Vapor pressure of crude oil at various V/Ls is an important physical property for shipping and storage.NOTE 2: A vapor-liquid ratio of 0.02:1 (X = 0.02) mimics closely the situation of an oil tanker.5.2 Vapor pressure of crude oil is important to crude oil producers and refiners for general handling and initial refinery treatment.5.3 The vapor pressure determined by this test method at a vapor-liquid ratio of 4:1 (VPCR4) of crude oil at 37.8 °C can be related to the vapor pressure value determined on the same material when tested by Test Method D323 (see Appendix X1).5.4 Air saturation of crude oil shall not be done to avoid potential vapor loss. However air saturation of the chilled verification fluid is mandatory (see 7.2 and Section 11).5.5 This test method can also be applied in online applications.1.1 This test method covers the use of automated vapor pressure instruments to determine the vapor pressure exerted in vacuum of crude oils. This test method is suitable for testing samples that exert a vapor pressure between 25 kPa and 180 kPa at 37.8 °C at vapor-liquid ratios from 4:1 and 0.02:1 (X = 4 and 0.02).NOTE 1: This test method is suitable for the determination of the vapor pressure of crude oils at temperatures from 0 °C to 100 °C and pressures up to 500 kPa, but the precision and bias statements (see Section 14) may not be applicable. The current precision of the method is limited at vapor-liquid ratios of 0.02 and 4. (Section 14 is inclusive of vapor-liquid ratios of 0.02 and 4).1.2 This test method also allows the determination of vapor pressure for crude oil samples having pour points above 15 °C provided the proper sample handling, transfer, and analysis procedures are followed.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.2.1 – 7.3.2.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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定价： 590元 加购物车

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5.1 These test methods are intended to measure the material’s expansion after heating.5.2 The test methods also provide a means to determine the expansion factor.1.1 These test methods determine, by measurement, the expansion of intumescent materials used in firestop and joint systems under specified conditions.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 The text of these test methods references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the fire test response standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Post dispensing volumetric expansion factor F indicates the ratio of the fully cured foam sealant volume and the initially dispensed foam sealant volume. For example, if the expansion factor F were 2, the fully cured foam would double its initial volume; therefore, one should fill 50 % of the cavity uniformly to anticipate the full coverage upon curing.5.2 Post dispensing volumetric expansion factor F does not predict the performance capability of the foam sealants of the suitability for the intended applications.5.3 This test method is intended to lend guidance in product selection as related to the post dispensing expansion characteristics of the aerosol foam sealants.5.4 This test method recognizes that the results are reflective of controlled laboratory conditions. Post dispensing expansion in field applications may vary according to temperature, humidity, and surfaces that the aerosol foam sealants are in contact with.1.1 This test method measures the volumetric expansion of aerosol foam sealants after dispensing.1.2 This test method provides a means for estimating the quantity of initial material required to dispense in order to fill a cavity.1.3 Aerosol foam sealants are used for a variety of applications intended to reduce airflow through the building envelope.1.4 This test method applies to two types of single component aerosol foam sealants: polyurethane and latex.1.5 There are no other known standard test methods to measure aerosol foam sealants post dispensing expansion.1.6 Values are reported in SI units only. Certain apparatus and supply items are referenced in inch-pound units for purchasing purposes.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method is used primarily by those interested in research on methods for determining the potential sulfate resistance of portland cement. This test method is also used to establish that a sulfate-resisting portland cement meets the performance requirements of Specification C150/C150M.1.1 This test method, which is applicable only to portland cements, covers the determination of the expansion of mortar bars made from a mixture of portland cement and gypsum in such proportions that the mixture has a sulfur trioxide (SO3) content of 7.0 mass %.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Values in SI units [or inch-pound units] shall be obtained by measurement in SI units [or inch pound units] or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversion and Rounding given in IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurements made in other units (or SI units). Values are stated in only SI units when inch-pound units are not used in practice.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)21.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Information on the vapor pressures of liquefied petroleum gas is pertinent to selection of properly designed storage vessels, shipping containers, and customer utilization equipment to ensure safe handling of these products.5.2 Determination of the vapor pressure of liquefied petroleum gas is important for safety reasons to ensure that the maximum operating design pressures of storage, handling, and fuel systems will not be exceeded under normal operating temperature conditions.5.3 For liquefied petroleum gases, vapor pressure can be considered a semi-quantitative measure of the amount of the most volatile material present in the product.5.4 This test method uses a small sample volume and excludes any manual handling of a measuring chamber under high pressure.1.1 This test method covers the use of automatic vapor pressure instruments to determine the vapor pressure of liquefied petroleum gas products at a temperature of 37.8 °C, vapor to liquid ratio of 0.5:1, and pressures from 200 kPa to 1550 kPa on a sample volume of 3.33 mL.1.2 This test method is applicable to the determination of vapor pressures of liquefied petroleum gas products at temperatures from 37.8 °C to 70 °C, vapor to liquid ratios of 0.1:1 to 4:1, and pressures up to 3500 kPa; however, the precision of the test method (see Section 15) has only been determined for a vapor to liquid ratio of 0.5:1, at a temperature of 37.8 °C, and a pressure range from 300 kPa to 1500 kPa.NOTE 1: This test method is not intended to determine the true vapor pressure of LPG samples, but rather determine and report the vapor pressure of LPG at the 37.8 °C temperature and 0.5:1 vapor to liquid ratio as the Test Method D1267 method.NOTE 2: This test method is not a true vapor pressure method and will not measure the full contribution from any dissolved gases such as nitrogen or helium if they are present. The contribution of light gases to the measured vapor pressure is highly dependent on the test temperature, type of gas, and V/L ratio of the test.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.3.1 Exception—Non-SI units are included in parentheses for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Appendix X2.

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4.1 This test method provides a procedure for determining the compliance of steel slags and other materials with specifications or applications that limit permissible expansion of base and subbase aggregates containing components subject to hydration.4.2 This test method can also be used to evaluate the effectiveness of aging or other treatments for reducing the expansive potential of such materials.4.3 This test method is utilized for dense graded materials passing a 25.0 mm (1 in.) sieve. If it is desired to investigate materials larger than a 25.0 mm (1 in.) sieve, Indiana Test Method ITM 219 should be considered.4.4 Test results have not been correlated with field performance, and values obtained do not necessarily indicate expansion that may occur in service conditions. The various methods will provide different numerical results due to differences in severity of the procedures.1.1 This test method covers the determination of potential volume expansion of steel slags that contain components susceptible to hydration and consequent volume increase, such as the free calcium and magnesium oxides.1.1.1 This method is based upon the Cement Autoclave procedure, Test Method C151/C151M, and the California Bearing Ratio procedure, Test Method D1883. This is an aggressive test that can detect both calcium and magnesium expansion potentials. The procedure is also a rapid method typically completed within 24 h.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.NOTE 1: Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车