定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

4.1 Color measurement quantifies the transmitted color for glass. The user defines an acceptable range of color appropriate for the end use. A typical quality concern for transmittance color measurement of glass products is verification of lot-to-lot color consistency for end-user acceptance.4.2 If the transmitted color of a glass product is consistent from lot-to-lot and within agreed supplier-buyer acceptance criteria, the product’s color is expected to be consistent and acceptable for end-use.1.1 This practice provides guidelines for the instrumental transmittance measurement of the color of coated and uncoated transparent glass. (See Terminology E284.)1.2 The practice specifically excludes fluorescent and iridescent samples.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

4.1 Tile are normally pressed in dies having true 90° angle construction. However, minor variations in die fill, compacting pressure, and heat treatment can result in finished tile with acute and obtuse angles. This out-of-squareness results in a difference in length of opposite sides, and the tile may have the appearance of a keystone or wedge.4.2 Excessive wedging presents difficulties in the installation of tile. This test method provides a means for determining the degree of wedging.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the wedging or deviation from rectangularity of flat, rectangular wall and floor tile. The test method covers tile as defined in Terminology C242.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 515元 加购物车

5.1 For application areas such as optical fiber and cable reinforcements, aramid is usually used in a linear – not twisted – form. For designing constructions like this, it is essential to use data based on a specimen without twist applied.5.1.1 The modulus and FASE of twisted yarns demonstrate reduced values when compared to p-aramid flat yarns.5.1.2 Use Test Method D7269 for testing of twisted p-aramid yarns.5.2 The levels of tensile properties obtained when testing aramid yarns are dependent on the age and history of the specimen and on the specific conditions used during the test. Among these conditions are rate of stretching, type of clamps, gauge length of specimen, temperature and humidity of the atmosphere, rate of airflow across the specimen, and temperature and moisture content of the specimen. Testing conditions accordingly are specified precisely to obtain reproducible test results on a specific sample.5.3 FASE (Force At Specified Elongation) describes the absolute resistance of the p-aramid flat yarn to an imposed elongation.5.4 Modulus is a measure of resistance of yarn or cord to extension as a force is applied. It is useful for estimating the response of a textile reinforced structure to the application of varying forces and rates of stretching. Although modulus may be determined at any specified force, initial modulus is the value most commonly used.5.5 Shape, size, and internal construction of the end-product can have appreciable effect on product performance. It is not possible, therefore, to evaluate the performance of end product in terms of the reinforcing material alone.5.6 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, test samples should be used that are as homogeneous as possible, that are drawn from the material from which the disparate test results were obtained, and that are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. Other materials with established test values may be used for this purpose. The test results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.1.1 These test methods cover the tensile testing of para-aramid flat yarns. The methods include testing procedure only and include no specifications or tolerances.1.2 This standard includes the following test methods:  SectionLinear Density 10Force at Specified Elongation (FASE) 11Modulus 111.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

5.1 The autoignition temperature (AIT) of a gas mixture is the minimum temperature at which a gas mixture spontaneously ignites without an external ignition source. AIT is typically determined at atmospheric pressure, using small test vessels open to the atmosphere where gas is quickly injected into the test vessel and heated for a pre-determined time observing ignition or non-ignition (Test Method E659). AIT is often not directly applicable to real world conditions. Therefore, there is need for a test that determines if a gas or liquefied gas ignites or does not ignite when released onto a hot surface in a more unconstrained environment.1.1 This test method covers a means for the discrimination between gases, which will ignite or not ignite when impinged on a hot surface when that surface is heated to 800 °C (1472 °F) or greater for a period of 2 min in a non-confined environment.1.2 This test method may be applied to any non-pyrophoric substance that is a gas or liquefied gas, particularly GHS category 1B gases, at ambient temperature and pressure.1.3 This test method should be used subject to the limitations that no single fire hazard property such as flash point, auto-ignition temperature (AIT), or the performance under the conditions of the present method shall be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of a material, product, assembly, or system under actual fire conditions. Fire hazard properties measured under controlled laboratory conditions may nevertheless be employed to describe properly the response of materials, products, assemblies, or systems under said controlled conditions. Properties measured under controlled laboratory conditions may be used as elements of hazard or risk assessment only when such assessments takes into account all of the factors that are pertinent to the evolution of the fire hazard of a given situation.1.4 This standard is used to provide a quantitative measure of a gas’s or liquefied gas’s realistic surface ignition temperature in a non-quiescent environment.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 9.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 515元 加购物车

This specification covers the general requirements for materials used in rubber seals of flat-plate solar collectors, except vertically mounted passive collectors. Particular applications may necessitate other requirements that would take precedence over these requirements when specified. The rubber seals are classified into types, grades, and classes: type C - intended for use in cold climates, and type W - intended for use in warm climates; grades 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 that differ in hardness properties; class PS - preformed rubber seal, and class SC - sealing compound. Seals shall be rubber vulcanizates conforming to the requirements prescribed. The adhesion, volatiles lost, and volatiles condensable shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for materials used in rubber seals of flat-plate solar collectors, except vertically mounted passive collectors. Particular applications may necessitate other requirements that would take precedence over these requirements when specified.1.2 The design requirement pertains only to permissible deflections of the rubber during thermal expansion or contraction of the seal in use and the tolerances in dimensions of molded and extruded seals.1.3 This specification does not include requirements pertaining to the fabrication or installation of the seals.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to Section 9, Test Methods, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

5.1 The impact performance of laminated glass varies with the glass ply thickness, type, and kind as well as the thickness and type of interlayer used in the overall configuration.5.2 Specific safety properties are required for laminated glass to meet the safety glazing requirements of ANSI Z97.1 and CPSC 16 CFR 1201. Compliance with the minimum quality requirements of Specification C1172 does not constitute compliance or assure compliance with the referenced safety glazing standards.5.3 While this test method does not replace the test requirements of ANSI Z97.1 or CPSC 16 CFR 1201 safety glazing standards addressed above, destructive ball drop impact testing does provide a method of expeditious in-plant evaluation of laminated glass products being fabricated.5.4 Impact procedures for testing in accordance with safety glazing standards ANSI Z97.1 and CPSC 16 CFR 1201 differ from this ball drop test method; however, the penetration resistance of a single laminated lite can be determined and used for quality control purposes.1.1 This test method covers the destructive ball drop testing of laminated flat glass products intended for use in architectural glazing applications.1.2 This test method is intended for use as an in-plant quality control test to evaluate the impact performance of laminated flat glass when a 2.3 kg, 83 mm diameter smooth solid steel ball is dropped from a user selected height.1.3 This test method is not a substitute for safety glazing test requirements of ANSI Z97.1 or CPSC 16 CFR 1201.1.4 This test method is applicable to symmetrical and asymmetrical annealed, heat-strengthened, chemically strengthened, fully tempered laminated architectural flat glass including but not limited to: float, patterned, sheet, sand-blasted, grooved, and fritted.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measure are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specific hazards statements are given in Section 7 on Hazards.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

5.1 Flat jack tests are useful to assess rock mass deformability and stresses in the design stages of projects as well as for issues with existing projects; for example, stresses around an underground opening. The in situ stress values can be used as an important parameter for interpretation and validation of test results and analytical models.5.2 This test method has been successfully used for other applications such as concrete dams and masonry structures. This test method is similar to the techniques and equipment used in C1196 and C1197. However, this standard is written more for rock and where irregular surfaces may be involved and both in situ stress and deformability are obtained in one test.NOTE 1: Notwithstanding the statements on precision and bias contained in this test method; the precision of this test method is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing. Users of this test method are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable testing. Reliable testing depends on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 The flat jack test measures the natural or altered in situ stress at a rock surface either for a surface outcrop or an underground excavation surface. The modulus of deformation and the long-term deformational properties (creep) may also be evaluated for the applied stress range, however long-term creep is not covered by this method.1.2 This method covers square flat jacks that are placed in a rock slot and if required encapsulated in the slot.1.3 Deformation readings are taken at the surface, but this standard does not exclude deformation readings being taken below the surface, such as using a flat jack which is set up to obtain displacement data internally.1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.1.4.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design.1.5 Limitation—The flat jack test measures the average stress normal to the surface of the test chamber, underground excavation, or outcrop. In situ stress levels must be determined by theoretical interpretations of these data.1.6 Assumptions and Factors Influencing the Data: 1.6.1 The stress relief is assumed to be an elastic, reversible process. In nonhomogeneous or highly fractured materials, this may not be completely true.1.6.2 The equations assume that the rock mass is isotropic and homogeneous. Anisotropic effects may be estimated by testing in different orientations.1.6.3 The flat jack is assumed to be 100 % efficient. The design and size requirements of 7.1 were determined to satisfy this requirement to within a few percent.1.6.4 The jack is assumed to be aligned with the principal stresses on the surface being measured. Shear stresses are not canceled by jack pressure. Orientating the tests in three directions in each plane tested prevents the misalignment from being excessive for at least one of the tests.1.7 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Add if appropriate, “Reporting of test results in units other than inch-pounds shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.”1.7.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs. The slug unit is not given unless dynamic (F=ma) calculations are involved. For standards involving the determination of mass or the use of density and unit weight, include the following numbered paragraph.1.7.2 The slug unit of mass is typically not used in commercial practice; that is, density, balances, and so on. Therefore, the standard unit for mass in this standard is either kilogram (kg) or gram (g) or both. Also, the equivalent inch-pound unit (slug) is not given/presented in parentheses.1.7.3 It is common practice in the engineering/construction profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm) and of force (lbf). This practice implicitly combines two separate systems of units; the absolute and the gravitational systems. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single standard. As stated, this standard includes the gravitational system of inch-pound units and does not use/present the slug unit for mass. However, the use of balances or scales recording pounds of mass (lbm) or recording density in lbm/ft3 shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 156元 / 折扣价： 133 元 加购物车

定价： 646元 加购物车

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 646元 加购物车