定价： 1177元 / 折扣价： 1001 元

定价： 819元 / 折扣价： 697 元

定价： 481元 / 折扣价： 409 元 加购物车

4.1 This test method evaluates the quality and serviceability of a ceramic decoration on architectural type glass. The degree of attack is determined using an acidic solution both quantitatively and qualitatively.4.2 This test method provides a convenient control test during the manufacture of the ware.4.3 This test method is suitable for specification acceptance.1.1 This test method covers qualitative determination of the acid resistance of the ceramic decoration on architectural glass.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 This test method provides the means to measure the potential resistance to wear of unglazed ceramic tile intended for floor coverings. This test method does not consider physical appearance but is intended to measure durability. See Test Method C1027 for the determination of visible abrasion resistance of glazed ceramic tile.4.1.1 See Test Method C501 for an alternative method to determine deep abrasion.1.1 This test method covers the deep abrasive wear by measuring the loss of volume resulting from abrasion of unglazed ceramic tile under given conditions by means of a rotating disc and the use of abrasive material.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 This test method evaluates the quality and serviceability of ceramic decorations on returnable beer and beverage containers.4.2 This test method is also suitable for specification acceptance. Its significance is that bottles with good acid resistance coatings have longer service life.1.1 This test method covers qualitative determination of the acid resistance of ceramic decorations on returnable beer and beverage containers, to assure the necessary durability of the decoration.1.2 This test provides an indication of performance when and if the decoration is to be exposed to the acid solutions used in reclaiming bottles, and it also covers those instances where the beverages themselves have acidic properties.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This test method covers two procedures for the determination of insulation resistance and volume resistivity of ceramic insulating materials at elevated temperatures between 100 and 500°C. 1.1.1 Procedure A is suitable for obtaining a curve of the resistance versus temperature characteristics of a single specimen over a wide temperature range. 1.1.2 Procedure B is more suitable for rapid testing of large numbers of specimens at a fixed temperature. 1.2 These properties shall be determined in accordance with Test Methods D257, except that the special procedures described in this method shall be used. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are found in Section 7.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

3.1 The purpose of this test method is to predict product resistance to impact breakage in service.1.1 This test method covers the following tests:1.1.1 Impact tests at the center of both flatware and hollow ware and at the rim of hollow ware, and1.1.2 Chipping tests at the rim of flatware. Specimens may be either glazed or unglazed.NOTE 1: The impact test at the center of the specimen is used to determine: (1) the magnitude of a blow that will produce initial fracture, and (2) the amount of energy necessary to produce complete failure. In the first case, the initial fracture shows on the side of the piece opposite from that being struck and appears to be a function of the square of the thickness and of the inherent brittleness of the body or body-glaze combination; it is relatively independent of the size or design of the specimen. The second factor is more dependent upon design and often is subject to wide variation within a given group of pieces.NOTE 2: The impact test at the rim of hollow ware is similar to a chipping test, and the type of failure that is obtained is useful in evaluating the effect of the shape of the object.NOTE 3: In addition to the inherent strength of the body, chipping test results are greatly affected by contour of rim and to a lesser extent by thickness of rim, inclination of leaf, and fit of glaze.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 910元 / 折扣价： 774 元

3.1 Sieve analyses are carried out to determine the particle size distribution of powders which, in turn, are used to qualify those materials as to their usefulness in the process under consideration. Since particle size analyses have only relative significance, the results should be considered only where they correlate with process characteristics. The parameter that is being measured in this test is the amount of material that will pass through a cloth having theoretically square openings. It must be remembered that all the holes are not square, nor uniform in size, and the question of whether a given particle will go through is a statistical one. Since each particle size analysis method measures a unique physical parameter, the results from one method may not agree with those from another. Particle size distributions play a role in such properties as bulk density, dustiness, and handling characteristics. Care should be taken, however, when interpretations are made from one or two points (sieves) on the distribution curve.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the particle size distribution of nonplastic ceramic powders such as alumina, silica, feldspar, pyrophyllite, nepheline syenite, talc, titanates, and zircon using wire cloth sieves.1.2 Materials containing a large amount of fines, containing agglomerates, or that are nonfree-flowing, are wet-sieved to remove excessive fines or to disperse agglomerates before performing the test. This technique is not applicable to materials that are, to any degree, water soluble.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units, or are other customary units (in the case of sieve frame diameter and sieve number), that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 Measurement of thermal expansion is useful for predicting stress within joined materials or single materials under conditions of changing or nonuniform temperature. It can also serve as an indicator of phase composition or changes in structure.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the linear thermal expansion of premelted frit (porcelain enamel and glaze) and ceramic whiteware products by the thermal dilatometer method. This test method is applicable to apparatus meeting the reproducibility and accuracy requirements of this test method, which are to produce percent linear expansion accuracy of ±3 % or better and coefficient of linear expansion accuracy of ±5 % or better.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

3.1 Measurement of density, porosity, and specific gravity is a tool for determining the degree of maturation of a ceramic body, or for determining structural properties that may be required for a given application.1.1 These test methods covers procedures for determining water absorption, bulk density, apparent porosity, and apparent specific gravity of non-tile fired unglazed ceramic whiteware2 products, glazed or unglazed ceramic tiles, and glass tiles.1.2 The values stated in metric units are normative. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not normative.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method provides information on the uniaxial tensile properties and tensile stress-strain response of a ceramic composite tube—tensile strength and strain, fracture strength and strain, proportional limit stress and strain, tensile elastic modulus, etc. The information may be used for material development, material comparison, quality assurance, characterization, and design data generation.5.2 Continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic composites (CFCCs) are composed of continuous ceramic-fiber directional (1D, 2D, and 3D) reinforcements in a fine-grain-sized (<50 µm) ceramic matrix with controlled porosity. Often these composites have an engineered thin (0.1 to 10 µm) interface coating on the fibers to produce crack deflection and fiber pull-out. These ceramic composites offer high-temperature stability, inherent damage tolerance, and high degrees of wear and corrosion resistance. As such, these ceramic composites are particularly suited for aerospace and high-temperature structural applications (1, 2).35.3 CFCC components have a distinctive and synergistic combination of material properties, interface coatings, porosity control, composite architecture (1D, 2D, and 3D), and geometric shape that are generally inseparable. Prediction of the mechanical performance of CFCC tubes (particularly with braid and 3D weave architectures) cannot be made by applying measured properties from flat CFCC plates to the design of tubes. Direct uniaxial tensile strength tests of CFCC tubes are needed to provide reliable information on the mechanical behavior and strength of tube geometries.5.4 CFCCs generally experience “graceful” fracture from a cumulative damage process, unlike monolithic advanced ceramics which fracture catastrophically from a single dominant flaw. The tensile behavior and strength of a CFCC are dependent on its inherent resistance to fracture, the presence of flaws, and any damage accumulation processes. These factors are affected by the composite material composition and variability in material and testing—components, reinforcement architecture and volume fraction, porosity content, matrix morphology, interface morphology, methods of material fabrication, test specimen preparation and conditioning, and surface condition.5.5 The results of tensile tests of test specimens fabricated to standardized dimensions from a particular material or selected portions of a part, or both, may not totally represent the strength and deformation properties of the entire, full-size end product or its in-service behavior in different environments.5.6 For quality control purposes, results derived from standardized tubular tensile test specimens may be considered indicative of the response of the material from which they were taken, given primary processing conditions and post-processing heat treatments.1.1 This test method determines the axial tensile strength and stress-strain response of continuous fiber-reinforced advanced ceramic composite tubes at ambient temperature under monotonic loading. This test method is specific to tube geometries, because fiber architecture and specimen geometry factors are often distinctly different in composite tubes, as compared to flat plates.1.2 In the test method a composite tube/cylinder with a defined gage section and a known wall thickness is fitted/bonded into a loading fixture. The test specimen/fixture assembly is mounted in the testing machine and monotonically loaded in uniaxial tension at ambient temperature while recording the tensile force and the strain in the gage section. The axial tensile strength and the fracture strength are determined from the maximum applied force and the fracture force. The strains, the proportional limit stress, and the tensile modulus of elasticity are determined from the stress-strain data.1.3 This test method applies primarily to advanced ceramic matrix composite tubes with continuous fiber reinforcement: unidirectional (1D, filament wound and tape lay-up), bidirectional (2D, fabric/tape lay-up and weave), and tridirectional (3D, braid and weave). These types of ceramic matrix composites are composed of a wide range of ceramic fibers (oxide, graphite, carbide, nitride, and other compositions) in a wide range of crystalline and amorphous ceramic matrix compositions (oxide, carbide, nitride, carbon, graphite, and other compositions).1.4 This test method does not directly address discontinuous fiber-reinforced, whisker-reinforced, or particulate-reinforced ceramics, although the test methods detailed here may be equally applicable to these composites.1.5 The test method describes a range of test specimen tube geometries based on past tensile testing of ceramic composite tubes. These geometries are applicable to tubes with outer diameters of 10 to 150 mm and wall thicknesses of 1 to 25 mm, where the ratio of the outer diameter-to-wall thickness (dO /t) is typically between 5 and 30.1.5.1 This test method is specific to ambient temperature testing. Elevated temperature testing requires high-temperature furnaces and heating devices with temperature control and measurement systems and temperature-capable grips and loading fixtures, which are not addressed in this test method.1.6 The test method addresses test equipment, gripping methods, testing modes, allowable bending stresses, interferences, tubular test specimen geometries, test specimen preparation, test procedures, data collection, calculation, reporting requirements, and precision/bias in the following sections.  Section 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4 5Interferences 6Apparatus 7Hazards 8Test Specimens 9Test Procedure 10Calculation of Results 11Report 12Precision and Bias 13Keywords 14Annexes  Interferences Annex A1Test Specimen Geometry Annex A2Grip Fixtures and Load Train Couplers Annex A3Allowable Bending and Load Train Alignment Annex A4Test Modes and Rates Annex A51.7 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

This specification covers structural clay load-bearing facing tile and facing brick and other “solid masonry units” made from clay, shale, fire-clay, or mixtures thereof, with or without the addition of grog or other mixtures, having a finish consisting of a ceramic glaze fused to the body at above a certain temperature making them inseparable, excluding natural salt-glazed ware. The following grades and types are covered: Grade S which is for use with comparatively narrow mortar joints, Grade SS which is for use where variation of face dimension must be very small, Type I or single-faced unit which is for general use where only one finished face will be exposed, and Type II or two-faced unit which is for general use where two opposite finished faces will be exposed. The brick and tile are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength requirements specified. The masonry units are classified as solid masonry unit and hollow masonry unit. The former is a unit whose net cross-sectional area in every plane parallel to the bearing surface is 75 % or more of its gross cross-sectional area measured in the same plane and the latter is a unit whose net cross-sectional area in any plane parallel to the bearing surface is less than 75 % of its gross cross-sectional area measured in the same plane. Different tests shall be performed in order to determine the following properties: compressive strength, imperviousness, opacity, resistance to fading, resistance to autoclave crazing, flame spread, fuel contribution, smoke density, toxic fumes, hardness, and abrasion resistance.1.1 This specification covers structural clay load-bearing facing tile and facing brick and other “solid masonry units” made from clay, shale, fire-clay, or mixtures thereof, with or without the addition of grog or other mixtures, having a finish consisting of a ceramic glaze fused to the body at above 1500°F (655°C) making them inseparable, excluding natural salt-glazed ware.1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick and tile extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Section 6) of this standard is beyond the scope of this specification.1.3 Brick and tile covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired bond in Terminology C1232.)1.4 Two grades and two types of ceramic glazed units are covered.1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.7 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test portion of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This guide suggests methodology for cleaning tests. This methodology can only be applied to assess product performance on typical bathroom soils and is not inclusive of all potential soils present on ceramic tiles or other bathroom surfaces. An assessment of cleaning performance on surfaces other than ceramic tile cannot be presumed since there is no confirmed basis for correlation for this soil on other surface or substrate types.5.2 The results of tests based on this guide are regarded as diagnostic screening values useful in formulation studies, quality control, and ingredient raw material qualification. The results of this guide should be compared to control treatments, which are incorporated into each performance evaluation. These results should be considered to be relative to all other treatments in the study and are not absolute values. For interlaboratory comparisons, exact treatment conditions must be established and then results should be compared as relative ranking to the control treatments rather than as absolute values.5.3 This guide is applicable to testing all types of multi-purpose household and bathroom cleaners, whether the detergent is prepared by dissolving a soluble powder, a dilutable liquid, or is a non-dilutable product. It may also be useful for evaluation of products or conditions normally associated with industrial or institutional cleaners.1.1 This guide covers the evaluation of the cleaning performance of products intended for use on ceramic tiles. This guide provides techniques for soiling, cleaning, and evaluating performance of detergent systems under controlled, but practical, hard-surface cleaning conditions.NOTE 1: The soils described in this guide are known in the industry as “soap scum.”1.2 Such systems include any detergent, cleaner, or abrasive cleanser intended for cleaning hard surfaces composed of ceramic tile. This guide is not appropriate for evaluating performance on grout. This guide also excludes other surfaces such as glass, resilient flooring, synthetic countertop surfaces or washable wall surfaces. The products for which this guide is intended include solutions of soluble powdered detergent, dilutions of concentrated liquid detergent, or products intended to be used full strength, for example, foams, sprays, liquid, wipes, powders, or paste.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety Data Sheets are available for reagents. Review them for hazards prior to usage.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车