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1.1 This standard is a compilation of terminology used in the area of hazard potential of chemicals. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.1.2 Although some of these definitions are general in nature, many must be used in the context of the standards in which they appear. The pertinent standard number is given in parentheses after the definition.1.3 In the interest of common understanding and standardization, consistent word usage is encouraged to help eliminate the major barrier to effective technical communication.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The objective of this guide is to describe procedures and data sources for conducting risk characterization of acute inhalation exposure to chemicals emitted from bedding sets. Risk characterization can be used to identify chemical(s) that pose potentially significant human health risks for the scenario(s) and population(s) selected for exposure assessment. Such identification of chemicals can help in identifying the components or materials used in the manufacture of bedding sets that should be further examined. Risk characterization also includes an assessment of potential odors associated with individual chemicals emitted by the bedding set.1.1 This guide describes procedures for conducting risk characterization of exposure to volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) emitted from bedding sets or an ensemble of a mattress and supporting box spring.1.2 This guide is for risk characterization of short-term exposures to a new bedding set brought into a residential indoor environment. The risk characterization considerations presented in this guide are applicable to both the general population and sensitive subgroups, such as convalescing adults.1.3 The risk characterization addressed in this guide is limited to acute health and irritation effects resulting from short-term exposure to VOCs in indoor air. Although certain procedures described in this guide may be applicable to assessing long-term exposure, the guide is not intended to address cancer and other chronic health effects.1.4 VOC emissions from bedding sets, as in the case of other household furnishings, usually are highest when the products are new. A used bedding set may also emit VOCs, either from the original materials or as a result of its use. The procedures presented in this guide also are applicable to used bedding sets.1.5 Risk characterization procedures described in this guide should be carried out under the supervision of a qualified toxicologist or risk assessment specialist, or both.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This guide allows the decision maker to determine which remedial treatment processes are and are not applicable to remediate an area of soil, surface water, or ground water that contains contaminants of concern.4.2 This guide provides the data to make cost comparisons of the remedial treatment processes.4.3 Analysis of treatment process design data can often be performed at the site with field instruments and test kits.4.4 Tables 1 and 2 are a guide to selecting and obtaining physical and chemical treatment process design data. Data marked with an “X” is needed to evaluate alternatives and select a remedial treatment process. Once the remedial process is selected, the additional data that are needed to design the selected remedial treatment process are marked with an “O.” It may be advisable to also collect the data marked with an “O” during the initial sampling event to minimize sampling trips to the site.4.5 Tables 3 and 4 list laboratory and field methods for analyzing this data. More than one analytical method may be listed. The most suitable method must be chosen for each application.(A) This table was developed jointly by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Center of Expertise and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Technical Support Project—Engineering Forum. Additional information and methods can be found in 40 CFR 136, EPA SW-846, and Standard Methods for Evaluation of Water and Wastewater, most current edition.(B) Estimated sensitivity and detection ranges are method/kit specific. Detection ranges are estimates. Verify these methods are suitable for the samples at this site. Consult the method or manufacturer's catalogs for details.(C) Spectrometers and meters are instruments that can be used to analyze for many parameters. Kits cost much less, but usually analyze for only one parameter. There are many manufacturers of field test equipment. Verify that the field methods are applicable to the medium at this site.(D) USEPA 600/4-84-017, The Determination of Inorganic Anions in Water by Ion Chromatography, March 1984.(E) Parameters that should be analyzed in the field.(F) USEPA 600/4-79/020, Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, March 1983.(G) American Public Health Association, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. Use the most recently published methods.(H) Use of test kits—Guide D5463.(I) Use Nernst equation to check ORP field data.(J) USEPA SW-846, Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Wastes, Physical/Chemical Methods, 3rd Edition, Updates I, IIA, IIB, III, IIIA, IVA, and IVB.(K) A USGS method for ferrous iron analysis.(L) Analysis of Dissolved Methane, Ethane, and Ethylene in Ground Water by a Standard Gas Chromatohraphic Technique, developed by USEPA National Risk Management Laboratory, Ada, OK.(A) Standard Methods (SM) for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18th edition, 1992.(B) Except for soil oxygen and soil CO2, soil samples can be analyzed in an offsite laboratory.(C) Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods (SW-846).(D) Field test kits are often available that test for multiple parameters. There are several manufacturers of field soil test kits.(E) Sample digestion required prior to analysis—see water parameters table.(F) These metals can also be analyzed by atomic adsorption.(G) Screening level.(H) Estimate with Walkley-Black TOC and subtract other substances included in the TOC analysis.(I) USEPA/600/4-79/020, Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, March 1983.4.6 This guide does not address sampling for contaminants of concern and sampling locations. See EM 200-1-2 Technical Project Planning (TPP) under Engineering Manuals6 for information on sampling contaminants of concern. It is recommended that the treatment process design sampling be coordinated with the sampling for chemicals of concern to minimize duplicate sampling and trips to the site.4.7 This guide does not address physical and chemical properties related to contaminant transport. This is addressed in Guide D5730.4.8 This guide does not address why the data is needed to evaluate each treatment technology. This information is addressed in the Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable (FRTR) site at http://www.frtr.gov in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers guidance documents at http://www.usace.army.mil/inet/usace-docs/ and the United Facilities Guide Specifications (UFGS) available at http://www.ccb.org/.4.9 This guide does not address Quality Assurance / Quality Control (QA/QC) or sampling design strategy. See U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Engineering Regulation ER 1110-1-263 and Engineering Manual EM 200-1-36 for information on QA/QC. This needs to be addressed in the Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP).1.1 This guide lists the physical and chemical treatment processes design data needed to evaluate, select, and design treatment processes for remediation of contaminated sites. This data is listed in Tables 1 and 2. Much of these data can be obtained and analyzed at the site with instruments and test kits.1.2 It is recommended that this guide be used in conducting environmental site assessments and Remedial Investigations/Feasibility Studies (RI/FS) and selections of remedy in U.S. Code of Federal Regulations 40 CFR 300.430.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Resilient flooring products are designed and formulated to have good resistance to most common chemicals encountered in typical use. High performance wear layers can also be used to enhance cleanability and chemical resistance. Resilient flooring used in residential and commercial environments may be subjected to a variety of chemicals through accidental spillage or as ingredients used for hygienic purposes. Performance is dependent upon the flooring formulation and that of the maintenance products used on the flooring. This test method provides a means of estimating the relative susceptibility of resilient floor covering to change when exposed to chemical reagents.1.1 This test method provides a procedure for determining the resistance of resilient floor covering to surface deterioration when exposed to various chemical reagents. This test method is not intended as a staining test nor as a method to judge surface and appearance restoration of the sample after exposure to the chemical reagent.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard information is provided in Section 6 of this test method.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This test method is intended to be a rapid empirical test to determine the loss of the plasticizer or other extractable components from the plastic film when immersed in liquids commonly used in households.1.1 This test method for resistance of plastic films to chemicals covers the measurement of the weight loss of film after immersion in chemicals.NOTE 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.NOTE 2: Film is defined as sheeting having nominal thickness not greater than 0.25 mm (0.010 in.), in accordance with Terminology D883.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values stated in other units are nominal values given for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This is a revision of the method for measuring rosin acids content combines the three major ways of determining the rosin acids content of pine chemicals products into a single method.4.1.1 For materials containing less than 15 % rosin, the modified Glidden procedure has gained acceptance. For materials containing more than 15 % rosin the modified Wolfe Method is preferred. The modified Wolfe and modified Glidden procedures differ only in their details. They have been combined here into a single procedure. This procedure can be run using either a potentiometer or an internal indicator to determine the end point of the titration. Use of a potentiometer is preferred and is the referee method. Use of an internal indicator is the principal alternative method. They will be referred to as the Potentiometric Method and the Internal Indicator Method.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of rosin acids in tall oil, tall oil fatty acid, tall oil rosin, and other pine chemicals products.1.2 These test methods may not be applicable to adducts or derivatives of rosin, fatty acid, or other pine chemicals products.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 Microorganisms attach to surfaces and grow, forming communities that are called biofilms. In addition to microorganisms, biofilms may contain the by-products of microbial growth ( that is, polysaccharides, enzymes, etc.), inorganic ions (that is, Mg, Ca, Fe, etc.) and organic materials (that is, oil, exudates from plants or animals, etc.). Biofilms may be found in many places, including on cooling system equipment ( that is, cooling towers, heat exchangers, etc.), water and oil pipelines, food and pharmaceutical processing surfaces and lines, dental water unit lines and medical prosthetic devices.1.2 Biofilm formation may lead to reduced heat transfer in cooling towers, decreased fluid flow in pipelines, corrosion of metal surfaces, spoilage of food and pharmaceutical products, and infection in humans. The adverse impact of biofilm growth has led to the need for chemical or physical treatments for controlling them. This may involve preventing biofilm formation, inactivating microbes in biofilms and removing biofilms.1.3 Since biofilms may form in many different types of systems, no one method can be presented that evaluates all the factors affecting biofilm control; therefore, many methods are presented for forming biofilms. Detecting and measuring biofilms and microorganisms within biofilms are important in evaluating control procedures. Many procedures are listed and referenced for measurement of microorganisms in biofilms and biofilm mass and activity.1.4 The purpose of this guide is to inform the investigator of methods that can be used for biofilm formation and measurement, allowing development of test procedures for determining the effectiveness of chemical treatments for prevention, inactivation, and removal of unwanted biofilm. This guide is a teaching tool that will help the researcher in planning studies for controlling biofilms. This guide is not an exhaustive survey of biofilm methods. It is recommended that the researcher consult the latest information on biofilm methods from the published scientific literature and from appropriate internet sites, using biofilm as the keyword.1.5 Discussions of various methods for evaluating efficacy of potential control materials against microorganisms in solution are available.

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3.1 The data generated by this test method shall be used to determine whether low embrittling zinc-nickel plated parts are liable to be corroded or damaged by application of the test material during routine maintenance operations.1.1 This test method is intended as a means of determining the corrosive effects of aircraft maintenance chemicals on low-embrittling zinc-nickel plating used on aircraft high-strength steel, under conditions of total immersion by quantitative measurements of weight change. Aircraft maintenance chemicals requiring this test method shall be determined by the cognizant engineering authority.1.2 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 6 and 4.1.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 “Stand-alone” laboratories rarely generate or handle large volumes of hazardous substances. However, the safe handling and disposal of these substances is still a matter of concern. Since the promulgation of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976, more attention has been given to the proper handling and disposal of such materials. States may adopt more stringent requirements than required under RCRA. To keep track of this, EPA classifies state regulatory language as: (1) authorized, (2) procedural/enforcement, (3) broader in scope, and (4) unauthorized, and it publishes notices concerning the first three in the Federal Register.4.2 Laboratory management should designate an individual who will be responsible for waste disposal and must review the RCRA guidelines, in particular:40 CFR 261.3—definition of a hazardous waste,40 CFR 261.33—specific substances listed as hazardous,40 CFR 262—generator requirements and exclusions, and proper shipping and manifesting procedures.4.3 Because many laboratory employees could be involved in the proper treatment and disposal of laboratory chemicals and samples, it is recommended that a safety and training program be designed and presented to all regarding procedures to follow in the treatment and disposal of designated laboratory wastes. This recommendation is required in the United States by the EPA (40 CFR 265.16). For those who pack and ship, Hazardous Materials Shipper training is also required by DOT (49 CFR 172.203).54.4 If practical and economically feasible, it is recommended that all laboratory waste be either recovered, re-used, or disposed of in-house. However, should this not be the case, other alternatives are presented. This guide is intended only as a suggested organized method for classification, segregation, and disposal of chemical laboratory waste. A university can set up its own chemical distributor to take orders from departments, order in economical quantities, sell at prorated bulk price plus expenses, and take back what is unused. For an example of a university central facility for minimizing over-ordering, storing chemical packages between uses, and disposing of hazardous wastes, see the University of Vermont website (http://www.uvm.edu/safety/lab/waste).4.5 The handling of laboratory samples, especially those received in large numbers or quantities from a specific source, can often be accommodated by returning the material to the originator for processing and potentially combining with larger quantities of the same material for recycling or disposal. Shipments of hazardous waste, including samples, are subject to RCRA regulations that do not apply to shipments of what is similar but not waste-like. A sample that was not a waste as received, and has not been contaminated or labeled as waste, need not be a waste when it is returned.4.6 The small quantity generator exclusion (40 CFR 261.5) applies to some laboratories (those which generate less than 100 kg per month, ~25 gal liquid). It is important to note that not every state allows the small quantity exclusion in this amount. Even so, the professional laboratory manager/supervisor and their employers must balance the importance of (1) protecting human health and the environment from the adverse impact of potential mismanagement of small quantities of hazardous waste with (2) the need to hold the administrative and economic burden of management of these wastes under RCRA within reasonable and practical limits. Additionally, all lab supervisors should be aware of current local, state, and federal regulations, and of specific hazardous waste management facility criteria. Special rules have been made for some academic laboratories; see 40 CFR 262.100-108. Commercial services to facilitate Internet access to the regulations, and even to alert users to changes in chosen parts of these regulations, are available.61.1 This guide is intended to provide the chemical laboratory manager, chemical laboratory safety officer, and other relevant staff with guidelines for the disposal of small quantities of laboratory wastes safely and in an environmentally sound manner. This guide is applicable to laboratories that generate small quantities of chemical or toxic wastes. Generally, such tasks include, but are not limited to: analytical chemistry, process control, and research or life science laboratories. It would be impossible to address the disposal of all waste from all types of laboratories. This guide is intended to address the more common laboratory waste streams.1.2 This guide is primarily intended to support compliance with environmental laws in the United States of America; however, the information contained herein can be useful to laboratories in other geopolitical jurisdictions. Some of these laws provide for states to take over regulation of air quality or natural water quality with the approval of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Other matters, such as laboratory waste tracking, disposal as household garbage, and use of sewers, are handled at the state, local, or provider level throughout the country. Examples of providers are air scrubber services, municipal sewer systems, municipal and private garbage services, and treatment, storage, or disposal facilities (TSD). Unfortunately, it is not possible for any one source to provide all the information necessary for laboratories to comply with all regulations. To ensure compliance, the laboratory manager must communicate with regulators at all four levels.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Resistance to various liquids used in the home is an important characteristic of organic finishes. These test methods provide the means by which the relative performance of coating systems may be evaluated. It should be recognized that continuous films are necessary for reliable results.1.1 This test method covers determination of the effect of household chemicals on clear and pigmented organic finishes, resulting in any objectionable alteration in the surface, such as discoloration, change in gloss, blistering, softening, swelling, loss of adhesion, or special phenomena.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 The data generated by this test method shall be used to determine whether low embrittling cadmium plated parts are liable to be corroded or damaged by application of the test material during routine maintenance operations.1.1 This test method is intended as a means of determining the corrosive effects of aircraft maintenance chemicals on low-embrittling cadmium plating used on aircraft high-strength steel, under conditions of total immersion by quantitative measurements of weight change.1.2 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Section 6, 4.1.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This test method may be used as a raw material quality-control tool.1.1 This test method covers a practical test for the solubility of commercial chemicals used in rubber products.1.2 It is not a true measure of solubility, since equilibrium is not approached from both sides, that is, higher temperature and lower temperature.1.3 The test method indicates the total solubility, under the conditions of the test, of all components in the presence of each other and in the proportions present in the sample.1.4 This test method does not measure the solubility of a rubber chemical in rubber.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This test method can be used to evaluate the effect of mixture proportioning, surface treatment, curing, or other variables on resistance to scaling.This test method is not intended to be used in determining the durability of aggregates or other ingredients of the concrete.No relationship has been established between the frost immunity of specimens cut from hardened concrete and specimens prepared in the laboratory.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance to scaling of a horizontal concrete surface exposed to freezing-and-thawing cycles in the presence of deicing chemicals. It is intended for use in evaluating this surface resistance qualitatively by visual examination.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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5.1 This practice is useful for detecting and identifying (or determining the absence of) 90 chemicals with relatively high fluorescence yields (see Table 1). Most commonly, this practice will be useful for distinguishing single fluorescent chemicals in solution, simple mixtures or single fluorescing chemicals in the presence of other nonfluorescing chemicals. Chemicals with high fluorescence yields tend to have aromatic rings, some heterocyclic rings or extended conjugated double-bond systems. Typical chemicals included on this list include aromatics, substituted aromatics such as phenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH’s), some pesticides such as DDT, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB’s), some heterocyclics, and some esters, organic acids, and ketones.5.2 With appropriate separatory techniques (HPLC, TLC, and column chromatography) and in some cases, special detection techniques (OMA’s and diode arrays), this practice can be used to determine these 90 chemicals even in complex mixtures containing a number of other fluorescing chemicals. With the use of appropriate excitation and emission wavelengths and prior generation of calibration curves, this practice could be used for quantitation of these chemicals over a broad linear range.5.3 Fluorescence is appropriately a trace technique and at higher concentrations (greater than 10 to 100 ppm) spectral distortions usually due to self-absorption, or inner-filter effects but sometimes ascribed to fluorescence quenching, may be observed. These effects can usually be eliminated by diluting the solution. Detection limits can be lowered following identification by using broader slit widths, but this may result in spectral broadening and distortion.5.4 This practice assumes the use of a corrected spectrofluorometer (that is, one capable of producing corrected fluorescence spectra). On an uncorrected instrument, peak shifts and spectral distortions and changes in peak ratios may be noted. An uncorrected spectrofluorometer can also be used if appropriate data is generated on the instrument to be used.1.1 This practice allows for the identification of 90 chemicals that may be found in water or in surface layers on water. This practice is based on the use of room-temperature fluorescence spectra taken from lists developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Coast Guard (1). Ref (1) is the primary source for these spectra. This practice is also based on the assumption that such chemicals are either present in aqueous solution or are extracted from water into an appropriate solvent.21.2 Although many organic chemicals containing aromatic rings, heterocyclic rings, or extended conjugated double-bond systems have appreciable quantum yields of fluorescence, this practice is designed only for the specific compounds listed. If present in complex mixtures, preseparation by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), column chromatography, or thin-layer chromatography (TLC) would probably be required.1.3 If used with HPLC, this practice could be used for the identification of fluorescence spectra generated by optical multichannel analyzers (OMA) or diode-array detectors.1.4 For simple mixtures, or in the presence of other nonfluorescing chemicals, separatory techniques might not be required. The excitation and emission maximum wavelengths listed in this practice could be used with standard fluorescence techniques (see Refs (2-6)) to quantitate these ninety chemicals once identification had been established. For such uses, generation of a calibration curve, to determine the linear range for use of fluorescence quantitation would be required for each chemical. Examination of solvent blanks to subtract or eliminate any fluorescence background would probably be required.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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