4.1 Poly(vinyl chloride) compositions degrade by discoloration on prolonged exposure to heat. The degree of discoloration is related to the condition of exposure, such as length of period and temperature. When the conditions of exposure are fixed and controlled, then the relative resistance to discoloration due to heat of two or more compositions is able to be determined. The precision of heat stability testing is also dependent on the thickness of the specimens and the history of heat exposure prior to testing. This practice allows for control or the reporting of these variables.4.2 This practice is particularly applicable for determining gross differences in the heat stabilities of poly(vinyl chloride) compositions that are detectable as a color change. It is not intended to measure absolute thermal stability. This test method applies when observed changes are evidence of degradation, molecular degradation phenomena such as chain-scission or cross-linking are not identifiable.4.3 While discoloration caused by exposure to elevated temperature is commonly regarded as evidence of degradation in poly (vinyl chloride) compositions, some vinyl compositions undergo substantial change in color without appreciable loss of mechanical strength, chemical resistance, etc., whereas others resist change in color yet undergo substantial change in other properties. Do not take resistance to discoloration as sole evidence of thermal stability. It is recommended that this test be supplemented by others such as tensile strength and elongation, impact strength, and deflection temperature under load (for rigid compositions), durometer hardness (for nonrigid compositions), and dilute solution viscosity. The test results before and after oven exposure are compared to determine the degree of degradation that has been produced in each of the properties measured.4.4 This practice is able to predict the relative discoloration in processing, provided that the compositions in question are tested at the relative maximum temperatures developed in processing.4.5 This practice is not applicable to materials that will cross-contaminate during oven exposure.1.1 This practice lists procedures for determining the relative thermal stability of sheet or molded poly(vinyl chloride) compounds as indicated by discoloration due to exposure to an elevated temperature at controlled oven conditions.1.2 A specimen preparation technique using a two-roll mill is provided for compositions that are not in molded or sheeted form.1.3 This practice is not intended for use in purchasing specifications because the conditions of processing plastic compounds vary widely, and the degree of correlation of data obtained by this practice to process exposure has not been determined. However, despite this limitation, this practice does yield data of value in judging the comparative service quality of poly(vinyl chloride) compositions.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are given for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: This standard is similar in content, but not technically equivalent to ISO 305–1990.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 It is anticipated that the ASTM Subcommittees A01.06, A01.10, A01.17, A01.22, and A01.28 will use the standard composition limits listed in this guide for the grades identified by the corresponding UNS designation in the product specification unless there is a specific technical justification for doing otherwise. The compositions in this guide shall not be considered as chemical requirements for any particular product until adopted by the subcommittee overseeing that product.4.2 Assuming that uniform compositions among the many product standards for stainless steel are desirable, the composition limits provided in this standard are to be used as guides in determining limits for each of the elements included in the total composition of each grade. The composition limits have been established with the intent that each product subcommittee will find it necessary to require only a minimum number of changes to reflect specific technical effects. Section 5 lists the general guidelines followed for determining the limits for each element; the limits established in this guide are based on these guidelines.4.3 Not included in this standard stainless steel grade harmonization effort is an attempt to unify stainless steel compositions in ASTM product standards by any means other than recognizing current industry practices.1.1 This guide provides a guide to ASTM Subcommittees A01.06, A01.10, A01.17, A01.22, and A01.28 for specifying chemical composition limits of wrought stainless steels. It is intended that these recommended grade composition limits be suitable for adoption by other standardization bodies that prepare standards for stainless steel products.1.2 Included in this guide are the recommendations for determining the number of significant figures for specifying chemical composition from Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.1.3 All stainless steel UNS numbers and the stainless steel grades in all standards overseen by the aforementioned ASTM subcommittees have been included, except those grades applicable to restricted special end uses and alloys containing less than 10.5 % minimum chromium.1.4 Not addressed are minor composition modifications which a specific product subcommittee may find necessary to accommodate effects of normal processing or to enhance fabricability by the producer or user, or both.1.5 Also not generally addressed (except when established by ASTM product subcommittees) is a complete rationalization of all limits, especially when such would conflict with long-standing practices and is not justified by special technical effect.1.6 Excluded from this guide are cast material and welding filler metal.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 This practice measures the tendency for staining of a poly(vinyl chloride) composition to occur due to migration into the plastic of a staining antioxidant (or other compounding additive) from rubber with which it is in intimate contact.1.2 This practice may be used to determine relative staining resistance of vinyl compounds by testing them against a single standard rubber composition (Note 1). It may also be used to compare relative staining tendencies of two or more rubber compositions by testing them against a single standard poly(vinyl chloride) composition.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.Note 1--The preparation of suggested standard compositions is described in the Appendix X1. This procedure may also be applicable to determine stain resistance of plastic materials other than poly(vinyl chloride) in contact with rubber.Note 2--There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

NONE

定价： 546元 / 折扣价： 465 元

4.1 It is anticipated that the ASTM Subcommittees A01.02, A01.03, A01.06, A01.09, A01.11, A01.15, A01.19, A01.22, and A01.28 will use the standard composition limits listed in this guide for the grades identified in their product specifications unless there is a specific technical justification for doing otherwise.4.2 The composition limits given in this guide are to be used as guides in determining limits for each of the elements included in the total composition of each grade. The composition limits have been established with the intent that each ASTM subcommittee will find it necessary to require only a minimum number of changes to reflect specific technical effects. Section 5 lists the general guidelines followed for determining the limits for each element; the limits established in this guide are based upon these guidelines.1.1 This guide covers ASTM Subcommittees A01.02, A01.03, A01.06, A01.09, A01.11, A01.15, A01.19, A01.22, and A01.28 for specifying chemical composition limits of wrought carbon, low-alloy, and alloy steels. It is intended that these recommended grade composition limits be suitable for adoption by other standardization bodies that prepare standards for carbon, low-alloy, and alloy steel products, including discontinued steels.1.2 Included in this guide are the recommendations for determining the number of significant figures for specifying chemical composition.1.3 The carbon and alloy steel grades in all standards overseen by the aforementioned ASTM subcommittees have been included, except those grades applicable to restricted special end uses.1.4 Not addressed are minor composition modifications that a specific ASTM subcommittee may find necessary to accommodate effects of normal processing or to enhance fabricability by the producer or user, or both.1.5 Also not generally addressed (except where established by ASTM subcommittees) is a complete rationalization of all limits, especially where such would conflict with long-standing practices and is not justified by special technical effect.1.6 This guide does not address discontinued or formerly standard steel grades. A listing of such steel grades can be found in SAE J1249. Also excluded from this guide are cast materials and welding filler metals.1.7 In 1995, the AISI made the decision to transfer the responsibility of maintaining its numbering system to the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) for carbon and alloy steels (SAE J403 and SAE J404) and to ASTM International for stainless steels (Guide A959 and others). To inform users of this important event, historical information is included in the appendix of this standard.1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

AbstractThese test methods describe the procedures for the chemical analysis of industrial metal cleaning compositions in solid, paste, or liquid form. These cleaning compositions may contain caustic alkalies, silicates, phosphates, chromates, carbonates, bicarbonates, borates, sulfates, sulfites, nitrates, chlorides, soaps, rosin, sulfonated wetting agents, anti-foaming agents, organic bases, organic solvents, organic coupling agents, and sometimes inorganic acid salts or organic acids. Percentage of total sodium oxide, percentage of potassium oxide, percentage of free sodium hydroxide, percentage of water, percentage of losses, percentage of matter insoluble in alcohol, percentage of fatty acids, percentage of rosin, percentage of synthetic detergent or wetting agent, percentage of silica, percentage of phosphorus pentoxide, percentage of carbon dioxide, percentage of sodium chloride, percentage of sodium sulfate, and percentage of volatile hydrocarbons test methods shall be performed to conform with the specified requirements.1.1 These test methods describe the procedures for the chemical analysis of industrial metal cleaning compositions in solid, paste, or liquid form. These cleaning compositions may contain caustic alkalies, silicates, phosphates, chromates, carbonates, bicarbonates, borates, sulfates, sulfites, nitrates, chlorides, soaps, rosin, sulfonated wetting agents, anti-foaming agents, organic bases, organic solvents, organic coupling agents, and sometimes inorganic acid salts or organic acids. Occasionally, such cleaning compositions may contain sulfonated oils; in such cases, reference should be made to Method D500. The examination under a low power microscope or magnifying glass, supplemented by a few qualitative tests, will often indicate the number of components and their identity.1.2 The analytical methods appear in the following order:  Section Preparation of Sample 4Total Alkalinity as Na2O 5 – 8Total Fatty Acids (and Rosin) 9 and 10Na2O Combined with Fatty Acids (and Rosin) 11 and 12Anhydrous Soap 13—Rosin (McNicoll Test Method):   Qualitative 14 and 15 Quantitative 16 – 19Total Silica Calculated as SiO2 20 – 23Phosphates:   Qualitative 24 and 25 Quantitative 26 – 18Combined Sodium and Potassium Oxides 34 – 37Chlorides 38 – 40Sulfates 41 – 43Water, Distillation Test Method 44 – 47Carbon Dioxide by Evolution-Absorption Test Method 48 – 52Loss at 105°C 53 and 54Total Matter Insoluble in Alcohol 55 – 57Free Alkali 58 – 60Synthetic Detergent or Wetting Agent 61 and 62Volatile Hydrocarbons 63 – 67Loss on Ignition 68 and 69Report 70 and 711.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage. See 6.1 for a specific hazards statement.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

4.1 This guide is intended to assist those writing or revising compositional specifications, sampling practices, and test methods for ferrous and non-ferrous metals, ores, and related materials. It is directed toward those areas that must be addressed to properly coordinate compositional specification, sampling practice, and test methods. Its use will help ensure that compositional requirements are clearly defined and that sampling practices and test methods are available to meet product specifications.4.2 This guide does not attempt to define which elements should be controlled, where samples should be taken, or how they should be analyzed. These items are addressed in standards such as Specification A276, Test Methods and Practices A751, Test Method E34, Practice E255, Test Method E342, and Test Methods E350.4.3 A primary purpose for ASTM sampling practices and test methods is to provide widely-accepted and tested methodology for use in meeting ASTM product specifications. Although it is recognized that individual laboratories are free to use other methods, the availability of ASTM approved methodology is essential for referee purposes and to demonstrate that properly equipped laboratories can make the required measurements.4.4 Sampling practices and test methods to be recommended for use in testing a given product are most easily selected cooperatively by the specification-writing and the methods-writing committees that have jurisdiction over the product. When existing sampling or test methods do not meet the needs of the new product specification standard, the specification-writing committee should request that the methods-writing committee develop the required standards. ASTM Committee E01 is responsible for test methods and practices covering the sampling and analysis of most metals, ores, and related materials.1.1 This guide covers procedures for specifying compositional requirements and identifying appropriate sampling and quantitative analysis test methods to be referenced in product specification standards for metals, ores, and related materials. It is not intended to replace or conflict with either individual product specifications or standards covering broad classifications of products such as Test Methods and Practices A751.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

3.1 This guide should be used by committees or individuals in specifying the chemical composition of electrical contact materials.1.1 This guide provides suggested methods for users and producers of electrical contact materials to specify the chemical compositions of these materials.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

1.1 This practice includes, in Table 1, the commercial composition corresponding to different commercial designations for scoured wool, wool top, and wool noil, all of which contain, in addition to wool base, various percentages of moisture, material extractable with alcohol, and mineral matter.1.2 This practice includes directions for the calculation of the commercial weight of wool corresponding to different commercial designations for several forms of wool, and for converting the commercial weight (mass) calculated on one basis to the commercial weight calculated on a different basis.1.3 This practice also includes directions for calculating the yield, on various commercial designation bases, obtained by processing raw wool, and for converting the yield calculated on one commercial designation basis to the yield on another commercial designation basis.Note 1—Because of trade practice the term “weight” is used in this practice instead of the technically correct term “mass”.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.TABLE 1 Commercial Composition of CommerciallyDesignated Scoured Wool, Wool Top, and Wool Noil PercentageWool Base Moisture Other Compo-nentsASTM Clean Wool Fiber PresentA 86.0000 12.0000 2.0000U.S. Customs Absolute Clean ContentB 86.0000 12.0000 2.0000IWTO Clean Wool ContentC 83.5299 14.5299 1.9402American Oil Combed TopD ,E 82.4222 13.0435 4.5343American Oil Combed NoilD ,E 83.4113 12.0000 4.5887American Dry Combed TopD ,E 84.1454 13.0435 2.8111American Dry Combed NoilD ,E 85.1552 12.0000 2.8448Bradford Oil Combed TopD ,E 79.2980 15.9664 4.7356Bradford Oil Combed NoilD ,E 82.7760 12.2807 4.9433Bradford Dry Combed TopD ,E 82.6449 15.4334 1.9217Bradford Dry Combed NoilD ,E 85.7260 12.2807 1.9933IWTO Noble Oil Combed TopC 79.2995 15.9664 4.7341IWTO Noble Oil Combed NoilC 82.7775 12.2807 4.9418IWTO Noble Dry Combed TopC 82.6469 15.4334 1.9197IWTO Noble Dry Combed NoilC 85.7281 12.2807 1.9912Schlumberger Oil Combed TopC 79.2995 15.9664 4.7341Schlumberger Oil Combed NoilC 81.3503 13.7931 4.8566Schlumberger Dry Combed TopC 82.6469 15.4334 1.9197Schlumberger Dry Combed NoilC 84.2500 13.7931 1.9569A ASTM Method D584, Test for Wool Content of Raw Wool, Laboratory Scale.B Tariff Schedules of the United States of America (1975), Schedule 3, Part 1, Subpart C, Headnote 1(c).C IWTO Core Test Regulations, 1974, International Wool Textile Organization.D Circular No. 3267, Nov. 10, 1954, Boston Wool Trade Assn.E Circular No. 4899, Nov. 2, 1967, Boston Wool Trade Assn.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

This test method covers the procedure for the separation and purification of active ingredient from surfactants and syndet compositions. The separated active ingredient may be used for qualitative examinations. The method also permits the estimation of total active ingredient level present in the sample under test. The method method yields the active ingredient together with other alcohol-soluble materials and therefore is useful only in estimating the actual active ingredient level.1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the separation and purification of active ingredient from surfactants and syndet compositions. The separated active ingredient may be used for qualitative examinations. This test method also permits the estimation of total active ingredient level present in the sample under test.1.2 This test method yields the active ingredient together with other alcohol-soluble materials and therefore is useful only in estimating the actual active ingredient level. Correction for the amount of the most common contaminant, sodium chloride, is shown by a separate determination.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

Information technology - Document description and processing languages - DSSSL library for complex compositions AMENDMENT 1: Extensions to basic composition styles and tables

定价： 182元 / 折扣价： 155 元

Information technology - Document description and processing languages - DSSSL library for complex compositions AMENDMENT 2: Extensions to multilingual compositions (South-East Asian compositions)

定价： 182元 / 折扣价： 155 元

Information technology - Document description and processing languages - DSSSL library for complex compositions AMENDMENT 3: Extensions to multilingual compositions (North and South Asian compositions)

定价： 182元 / 折扣价： 155 元