定价： 481元 / 折扣价： 409 元

定价： 156元 / 折扣价： 133 元 加购物车

5.1 This practice is useful for establishing and maintaining standard lighting conditions in cotton classing rooms. This permits the classer to make a valid assessment of the color grade of cotton. The cotton classer attempts to classify cotton on the basis of the color the sample and the standard would have in daylight. It is essential that the lighting in a classing room is constant and that it makes the color of cotton appear as nearly as possible as it would in natural daylight.5.2 Uniform lighting conditions permit classers to go from one classing room to another without having to make adjustments for wide differences in the amount and quality of lighting.1.1 This practice covers practices in general use in the United States for lighting cotton classing rooms, provides general background information regarding the development and establishment of these practices, and prescribes a test method for appraising the color quality of lamps procured for this purpose.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This test method covers the determination of linear density and maturity index of loose randomized cotton fibers by measuring the resistance to air flow of a plug of cotton fibers under two prescribed conditions. Note 1-For other methods for determining linear density and maturity properties of cotton fibers, see Test Methods D1442, D1448, D1769, D2480, D3817, British Standards BS 2016, BS 3085, and ISO 2403. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

This specification covers basic characteristics required for porous laminated epoxy materials intended for use as instrument and thin-section ball-bearing retainers (cages), as well as the methods of determining these characteristics. It provides guidance with respect to material and test conditioning, performance, verification, and packaging and package marking.1.1 This specification covers basic characteristics required for porous laminated Epoxy materials intended for use as instrument and thin-section ball-bearing retainers (cages) and the methods of determining these characteristics.1.2 Forms—Sheets and Rolled Tubes are recommended forms of laminated material covered by this specification.1.3 Intended Use—Materials produced to this specification are intended for use as ball bearing retainers (cages). Temperature range is limited to 284 °F (140 °C) and below.1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method for testing the moisture content of cotton can be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of lint cotton provided the between-laboratory bias is known.5.1.1 If there are differences or practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories, or more, comparative test should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use test samples as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the material from which the disparate test results are obtained, and assigned randomly in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. Other materials with established test values may be used for this purpose. Compare the test results from the two laboratories using a statistical test for unpaired data at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.5.2 Information on the moisture content of cotton is desirable since the physical properties of cotton are significantly affected by its moisture content. High moisture content increases flexibility, toughness, elongation, and tensile strength. Too high a moisture content causes difficulty in processing due to the tendency of the stock to “lap-up” on drafting rolls. Low moisture, on the other hand, facilitates cleaning but increases the brittleness of the fiber and results in fiber breakage during ginning, cleaning, and mill processing. Low moisture also increases fly waste and may cause manufacturing difficulties due to static electricity.5.3 Variations in the amount of moisture present affect the mass and hence the market value of a lot of material sold at a definite price per unit mass. Knowledge of the moisture content or regain can be accordingly an important financial consideration.5.4 Moisture content variation affects lap, sliver, and roving linear density which in turn controls yarn number variation.5.5 The mass of the oven-dry specimen used in this method is the mass observed after the specimen has been dried in an oven supplied with ambient air. The observed mass is accordingly subject to minor variations. These variations, however, are believed to be without significance in commercial transactions.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of moisture in cotton by oven-drying and is applicable to raw cotton, cotton stock in process, and cotton waste.1.2 This test method may also, by agreement, be used for determining moisture in blends of cotton with other fibers.1.3 This test method offers alternative procedures for weighing the dried specimens, one procedure using an oven balance (9.3) and the other using a desiccator (9.4).NOTE 1: For other methods of determination of moisture in textile materials refer to Test Method D2654, which includes two options based on drying in an oven, and one option based on distillation with an immiscible solvent: Test Methods D885, Test Method D1576, Test Method D2462.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers woven cotton fabrics saturated with either asphalt or coal-tar intended for use with asphalt based plying cement (such as mopping asphalts or appropriate solvent bearing asphaltic compounds), coal-tar based plying cement (such as coal-tar pitch or other appropriate solvent bearing coal-tar compounds), or appropriate solvent bearing bituminous materials in the construction of roofing and waterproofing systems. The dry cotton fabric shall be thoroughly and uniformly saturated with bitumen by passing the fabric through the saturant or by spraying with saturant, calendering in the presence of heat, and then cooling before winding on a core. Products shall be sampled, tested, and adhere accordingly to specified physical (breaking load in both the warp and fill directions, and pliability), and dimensional (mass, width, thread count, moisture, and ash content) property requirements. The finished product shall not crack nor be so sticky as to cause tearing or other damage upon being unrolled at a given temperature.1.1 This specification covers woven cotton fabrics saturated with either asphalt or coal-tar pitch intended to be used with asphalts conforming to Specifications D312/D312M or D449/D449M, coal-tar pitches conforming to Specification D450/D450M, or appropriate solvent bearing bituminous materials in the construction of roofing and waterproofing systems.1.1.1 Asphalt-saturated cotton fabric shall be used with asphalt base plying cement; typical ones are mopping asphalts conforming to Specifications D312/D312M or D449/D449M or appropriate solvent bearing asphaltic compounds.1.1.2 Coal-tar-saturated cotton fabric shall be used with coal-tar based plying cements; a typical one is coal-tar pitch conforming to Specification D450/D450M or appropriate solvent bearing coal-tar compounds.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This test method provides a means for evaluating the smoldering combustion potential of cotton-based batting for use in mattresses and upholstered furniture. The degree of correlation between the results of this test of a component material and actual end-use products has not been determined fully.In this procedure, the specimens are subjected to one or more specific sets of laboratory test conditions. If different test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, this test method cannot predict changes in the fire test response characteristics measured. The results are therefore valid only for the fire test exposure conditions described in this procedure.In the case of a dispute arising from differences in the reported test results using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier are advised to conduct comparative tests to determine whether a statistical bias exists between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. An acceptable probability level is chosen by the two parties before testing begins. As a minimum, a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question are taken. The test specimens are then randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories are compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data. If a bias is found, either its cause must be determined and corrected, or the purchaser and supplier must agree to interpret future test results in light of the known bias.1.1 This test method covers the determination of smoldering combustion potential within cotton-based batting intended for use in mattresses and upholstered furniture. This test method is designed to evaluate batting containing at least 75 % cotton by weight, and it is intended to be used primarily as a quality control tool.1.2 This test method is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.1.3 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.1.4 Inadequate consideration of a subsystem, such as cotton batting, to resist smoldering is frequently the reason that finished mattress or upholstered furniture systems fail fire and smolder resistance tests. This test method may be used to evaluate this smolder resistance in the subsystem of cotton batting used in such products. The purpose of this test method is to aid end users in better determining the potential of cotton batting components to resist smoldering. It is recommended that those using this test method be familiar with cotton batting production and the use of cotton batting in mattresses and upholstered furniture.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

4.1 Upon agreement between purchaser and supplier, fabrics intended for this end use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this specification.4.2 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics, the ultimate consumer of apparel made from these fabrics may find the product acceptable, even if it does not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1 or Table 2. One or more of the requirements listed in Table 1 or Table 2, therefore, may be modified upon agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.4.2.1 In such cases, any references to this specification must specify the following: “This fabric meets ASTM Specification D6554 except for the following characteristic(s):” All exceptions must be noted.4.3 Where no prepurchase agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the supplier, and in case of controversy, the requirements listed in Tables 1 and 2 are intended to be used as a guide only. As noted in 4.2, ultimate consumer demands dictate varying performance parameters for any particular style of fabric.1.1 This specification covers performance requirements for 100 % cotton woven denim fabrics, prior to the manufacture of jeans, casual apparel, work clothing, and outerwear.1.2 This specification is not applicable to woven denim fabrics used as interlinings or protective clothing.1.3 This specification covers the performance of denim fabric on rolls ready for garment manufacturing.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

5.1 The purpose of this practice is to provide standardization in the value setting of calibration cotton standards to be used for cotton classification instrument calibration.5.2 The practice provides procedures for the value setting for calibration cotton standards. These procedures are for use by cotton fiber testing organizations that establish standard values on candidate bales that will be utilized as calibration cotton standards for cotton classification instruments on the level of the benchmark cottons.NOTE 1: Benchmark cottons are of high value and of limited supply. Long term accuracy and stability of the internationally recognized USDA cotton standards are dependent on long term maintenance of the benchmark cottons. Therefore, distribution of the benchmark cottons will be tightly controlled by the USDA.1.1 This practice provides instructions for the development of calibration cotton standards by establishing cotton fiber values for micronaire, length, uniformity index, and strength. The purpose of calibration cotton standards is for calibration of cotton classification instruments to the level of the internationally recognized United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Benchmark Reference Cotton Standards. The USDA has established calibration cotton standards for domestic upland and Extra Long Staple (ELS) cottons and this practice provides an instruction for other geographical regions to establish their own calibration cotton standards for cotton classification instruments.1.2 This practice shall be used for the establishment of calibration cottons for the testing of Upland and ELS cottons.1.3 Only saw ginned cottons shall be used in this practice. Roller gin cottons are not valid for use due to higher measurement variability.1.4 The calibration cotton established by this practice is not valid for use as a micronaire calibration standard. The micronaire standard value is not for the instrument calibration of the micronaire module; it is utilized by the instrument for the correction of the strength measurement during the calibration routine.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 260元 / 折扣价： 221 元 加购物车

The thickness test is necessary to determine whether the material meets specified tolerances for thickness. In addition, thickness values are essential because of the importance of space factor in designing electrical equipment.1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the testing of varnished cotton fabrics and varnished cotton fabric tapes (Note 1) to be used as electrical insulation and are directly applicable to both “straight-cut” and “bias-cut” materials, unless otherwise stated in the test method.Note 1—Methods of testing varnished glass fabrics and tapes are given in Test Methods D902.1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:Procedures Sections ASTM Test MethodsBreaking Strength 20 to 27 ...ConditioningDielectric Breakdown Voltage 543 to 46 ...D149Dielectric Breakdown Voltage Under Elongation 47 to 53 D149Dissipation Factor and Permittivity 54 to 60 D150ElongationResistance to Oil 35 to 4268 to 73 ...D92Selection of Test Specimens 4 ...Tear Resistance 28 to 34 D689Thickness 6 to 10 D374Thread Count 15 to 19 ...Volume Resistance 61 to 67 D257Weight 11 to 14 ...1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units may be approximate.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 44.4, 51.1, 58.1, and 65.1.Note 2—This standard resembles IEC 60394–2 in title only. The content is significantly different.^REFERENCE:ASTM Standards:D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup TesterD149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at Commercial Power FrequenciesD150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical InsulationD257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of Insulating MaterialsD374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical InsulationD689 Test Method for Internal Tearing Resistance of Paper (Withdrawn)D902 Test Methods for Flexible Resin-Coated Glass Fabrics and Glass Fabric Tapes Used for Electrical InsulationD1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical InsulationIEC Standard:IEC 60394–2 Varnished Fabrics for Electrical Purposes Part 2: Methods of Test

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

1.1 This standard is the compilation of all terminology developed by Subcommittee D13.11 on Cotton Fibers.1.2 This terminology is unique to the Cotton Fibers industry. Meanings of the same terms used outside the industry can be found in other compilations or in dictionaries of general usage.1.3 In addition to being a specialized dictionary, D7139 is also a tool for managing the Subcommittee’s terminology. This includes finding, eliminating, and preventing redundancies, that is, where two or more terms relating to the same concept are defined in different words.1.4 Terms listed are under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D13.11.1.5 For definitions of other textile terms see Terminology D123.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 156元 / 折扣价： 133 元 加购物车

5.1 The array method provides objective measurements for determining the fiber length and length distribution in a sample of cotton. The results can be plotted to show the length-weight distribution of all the fibers in the sample. Data obtained from array tests are useful in fiber length research studies, for investigation of changes in fiber length distribution in ginning and mill processing, and for other research purposes.5.2 Upper quartile length is correlated with, but usually longer than, Fibrograph and 2.5 % span length as defined in Test Method D1447. Judgment must be used in making comparisons between length measures from arrays and measures obtained by other methods, which may be basically different.5.3 The coefficient of length variation is a measure of length distribution, or nonuniformity of length. Because the fiber weight-length distribution is usually highly skewed, statistical judgments based on the assumption of normality are not justified.FIG. 1 Combs and Accessories for Arraying Fibers According to Lengtha and c—Banks of combs.b—Forceps, tips padded with hard leather, for transferring fibers from one set of combs to the other.d—Depressor for placing fibers in combs.f—Dissecting needle.g—Fork for scooping up fiber groups off velvet surface.h—Aluminum plate covered with velvet cloth.i—Special rule for measuring length of fiber groups.k—Smooth plate for placing fibers onto velvet surfaces.l—Wire rack for holding fiber groups wrapped in papers.m—Smooth pointed tweezers.n—Lift for raising combs in place.o—Rack for holding velvet-covered boards.p—Velvet-covered boards on which several pulls have been arrayed.NOTE 1: Other accessories required for length arraying, not shown above, consist of the following: small whisk broom for cleaning velvet surfaces, one pair of tweezers with smooth round tips, forceps similar to b but having tips padded with rubber for laying groups on velvet surfaces, small papers for wrapping groups of fibers (papers 21/2 by 3 in. (62 by 75 mm)) with small envelopes for them (21/2 by 41/4 in. (62 by 110 mm)), and balances having ranges from 0 to 25 mg and 0 to 100 mg.5.4 The array method makes a physical separation of fibers of different lengths. It therefore serves as a standard, or benchmark, with which other methods may be compared and by which their precision and accuracy may be judged.5.5 Test Method D1440 for testing length and length distribution of cotton fibers (array method) is not commonly used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the fiber length and length distribution in loose cotton fibers.NOTE 1: For another method for measuring fiber length, see Test Method D1447.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车