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定价： 345元 / 折扣价： 294 元 加购物车

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5.1 This test method may be run together with Test Method C1432 to analyze for trace impurities in Pu metal. Using the technique described in this test method and the technique described in Test Method C1432 will provide the analyst with a more thorough verification of the impurity concentrations contained in the Pu metal sample. In addition, Test Method C1432 can be used to determine impurity concentrations for analytes such as Ca, Fe, Na, and Si, which have not been determined using this test method.5.2 This test method can be used on Pu matrices in nitrate solutions.5.3 This test method has been validated for use on materials that meet the specifications described in Specification C757 and Test Methods C758 and C759.5.4 This test method has been validated for all elements listed in Table 1.(A) Without outlying value.1.1 This test method covers the determination of trace elements in plutonium (Pu) materials such as Pu metal, Pu oxides, and Pu/uranium (U) mixed oxides. The Pu sample is dissolved in acid, and the concentration of the trace impurities are determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS).1.2 This test method is specific for the determination of trace impurities where the samples are dissolved and the oxidation state is adjusted to the Pu(IV) and, if applicable, the U(VI) state. It may be applied to other matrices; however, it is the responsibility of the user to evaluate the performance of other matrices.1.3 The use of a quadrupole ICP-MS or a high resolution ICP-MS (HR-ICP-MS) can be employed in all applications relevant to this test method. HR-ICP-MS is a better option in many cases since it can reduce or potentially eliminate interferences encountered in the following complex sample matrices.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 There is a need to monitor the lead content in and around buildings and related structures in order to determine the potential lead hazard. Hence, effective and efficient methods are required for the preparation of soil samples for determination of their lead content.5.2 This practice may be used for the digestion of soil samples that are collected during various construction and renovation activities associated with lead abatement in and around buildings and related structures. The practice is also suitable for the digestion of soil samples for lead analyses collected from other locations, such as near roads and steel structures.5.3 This practice is intended to be used to prepare samples that have been collected for hazard assessment purposes.5.4 This practice is not capable of determining lead bound within matrices, such as silica, that are not soluble in nitric acid.5.5 This practice includes drying and homogenization steps in order to help assure that reported lead results are representative of the sample and are independent of potential differences in soil moisture levels among different sampling locations or changing weather conditions.1.1 This practice covers drying, homogenization, and acid digestion of soil samples and associated quality control (QC) samples using a hot plate type method for the determination of lead using laboratory atomic spectrometry analysis techniques such as inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS).1.2 This practice is based on U.S. EPA SW 846, Test Method 3050.1.3 This practice contains notes that are explanatory and are not part of the mandatory requirements of this standard.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 A knowledge of the inorganic composition of a waste is often required for the selection of appropriate waste disposal practices. Solid waste may exist in a variety of forms and contain a range of organic and inorganic constituents. This practice describes a digestion procedure which dissolves many of the toxic inorganic constituents and produces a solution suitable for determination of total recoverable contents by such techniques as atomic absorption spectroscopy, atomic emission spectroscopy, and so forth. The relatively large sample size aids representative sampling of heterogenous wastes. The relatively small dilution factor allows lower detection limits than most other sample digestion methods. Volatile metals, such as lead and mercury, are not lost during this digestion procedure, however organo-lead and organo-mercury may not be completely digested. Hydride-forming elements, such as arsenic and selenium, may be partially lost. Samples with total metal contents greater than 5 % may give low results. The analyst is responsible for determining whether this practice is applicable to the solid waste being tested.1.1 This practice describes the partial digestion of solid waste using nitric acid for the subsequent determination of the total recoverable content of inorganic constituents.1.2 This practice is to be used when the concentrations of total recoverable elements are to be determined from a waste sample. Total recoverable elements are often not equivalent to total elemental content, because of the solubility of the speciated forms of the element in the sample matrix. Recovery from refractory sample matrices, such as soils, is usually significantly less than total concentrations of the elements present.NOTE 1: This practice has been used successfully for oily sludges and a municipal digested sludge standard [Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Sample No. 397]. The practice may be applicable to some elements not listed above, such as arsenic, barium, selenium, cobalt, magnesium, and calcium. Refractory elements such as silicon, silver, and titanium, as well as organo-mercury, are not solubilized by this practice.1.3 This practice has been divided into two methods, A and B, with Method A utilizing an electric hot plate and Method B utilizing an electric digestion block.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 The chemical analysis of sediments, collected from such locations as streams, rivers, lakes, and oceans can provide information of environmental significance.5.2 These practices can be used with either suspended sediment (material actively transported by water) or bed sediment (material temporarily at rest on the bed of a water body).5.3 Standardized practices for digesting sediments, for subsequent chemical analysis, will facilitate inter- and intra-areal comparisons as well as comparison of data generated by different groups. The use of total digestions also eliminates the ambiguities and interpretational difficulties associated with partial digestions and the operational definitions that accompany them.1.1 This practice covers two procedures for the total digestion of sediments for subsequent determination of metals by such techniques as flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry, atomic emission spectroscopy, etc.1.2 This practice is applicable in the subsequent determination of volatile, semivolatile, and nonvolatile metals of sediments.1.3 Actual metal quantitation can be accomplished by following the various test methods outlined under other appropriate ASTM standards for the metal(s) of interest. Before selecting either of the digestion techniques outlined in this practice, the user should consult the appropriate quantitation standard(s) for any special analytical considerations, and Practice D3976 for any special preparatory considerations.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see 15.5.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Biodegradation of a plastic within a high-solids anaerobic digestion unit is an important phenomenon because it will affect the decomposition of other waste materials enclosed by the plastic and the resulting quality and appearance of the digestate after an anaerobic digestion process. Biodegradation of plastics could allow for the safe disposal of these plastics through aerobic and anaerobic solid-waste-treatment plants. This procedure has been developed to permit the determination of the rate and degree of anaerobic biodegradability of plastic products when placed in a high-solids anaerobic digester for the production of digestate from municipal solid waste.5.2 Limitations—Because there is a wide variation in the construction and operation of anaerobic-digestion systems and because regulatory requirements for composting systems vary, this procedure is not intended to simulate the environment of any particular high-solids anaerobic-digestion system. However, it is expected to resemble the environment of a high-solids anaerobic-digestion process operated under optimum conditions. More specifically, the procedure is intended to create a standard laboratory environment that will permit a rapid and reproducible determination of the anaerobic biodegradability under high-solids digestion conditions.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the degree and rate of anaerobic biodegradation of plastic materials in high-solids anaerobic conditions. The test materials are exposed to a methanogenic inoculum derived from anaerobic digesters operating only on pretreated household waste. The anaerobic decomposition takes place under high-solids (more than 30 % total solids) and static non-mixed conditions.1.2 This test method is designed to yield a percentage of conversion of carbon in the sample to carbon in the gaseous form under conditions found in high-solids anaerobic digesters, treating municipal solid waste (1, 2, 3, 4).2 This test method may also resemble some conditions in biologically active landfills where the gas generated is recovered and biogas production is actively promoted by inoculation (for example, codeposition of anaerobic sewage sludge, anaerobic leachate recirculation), moisture control (for example, leachate recirculation), and temperature control (for example, short-term injection of oxygen, heating of recirculated leachate) (5, 6, 7).1.3 This test method is designed to be applicable to all plastic materials that are not inhibitory to the microorganisms present in anaerobic digesters operating on household waste.1.4 Claims of performance shall be limited to the numerical result obtained in the test and not be used for unqualified “biodegradable” claims. Reports shall clearly state the percentage of net gaseous carbon generation for both the test and reference samples at the completion of the test. Furthermore, results shall not be extrapolated past the actual duration of the test.1.5 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards are given in Section 8.NOTE 1: This test method is equivalent to ISO 15985.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Regulations, 40 CFR 266, require that boilers, cement kilns, and other industrial furnaces utilizing waste-derived fuel adhere to specific guidelines in assessing potential metals emissions. A common approach for estimating potential emissions is performing total metals analysis on all feed stream materials. This practice describes a multi-stage microwave-assisted digestion procedure that solubilizes trace elements for spectroscopic analyses.1.1 This practice describes the multi-stage microwave digestion of typical industrial furnace feed stream materials using nitric, hydrofluoric, hydrochloric, and boric acids for the subsequent determination of trace metals.1.2 This practice has been used successfully on samples of coal, coke, cement raw feed materials, and waste-derived fuels composed primarily of waste paint-related material in preparation for measuring the following trace elements: Ag, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Sb, and Tl. This practice may be applicable to elements not listed above.1.3 This practice is also effective for other waste materials (for example, fly ash, foundry sand, alum process residue, cement kiln dust, etc.).1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Other units of measurement in parentheses in this standard are informational.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 8.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This practice is for use in the preparation of no more than four wipe samples combined to form a composited sample for subsequent determination of lead content.5.2 This practice assumes use of wipes that meet Specification E1792 and should not be used unless the wipes meet Specification E1792.5.3 This practice is capable of preparing samples for determination of lead bound within paint dust.5.4 This practice may not be capable of preparing samples for determination of lead bound within silica or silicate matrices, or within matrices not soluble in nitric acid.5.5 Adjustment of the nitric acid concentration or acid strength, or both, of the final extract solution may be necessary for compatibility with the instrumental analysis method to be used for lead quantification.5.6 This sample preparation practice has not been validated for use and must be validated by the user prior to using the practice for client samples.NOTE 1: Each combination of wipes (two wipes, three wipes, and four wipes) constitutes a different matrix and must be separately validated.1.1 This practice is similar to Practice E1644 and covers the hot, nitric acid digestion of lead (Pb) from a composited sample of up to four individual wipe samples of settled dust collected from equally-sized areas in the same space.1.2 This practice contains notes which are explanatory and not part of mandatory requirements of the practice.1.3 This practice should be used by analysts experienced in digestion techniques such as hot blocks. Like all procedures used in an analytical laboratory, this practice needs to be validated for use and shown to produce acceptable results before being applied to client samples.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 These practices are primarily intended to test materials for compliance with compositional specifications and for monitoring. Partial extraction of ores and related metallurgical materials can provide information on the availability of elements to leaching, water quality changes, or other site conditions.4.2 It is assumed that the users of these practices will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory and that proper waste disposal procedures will be followed. Appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882 shall be followed.1.1 These practices cover the digestion of ores and related metallurgical materials, such as mine soil, waste rock and tailings, for subsequent determination of acid-extractable contents of certain elements by such solution analytical techniques as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) (see Test Method D1976), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (see Test Method D5673).1.1.1 Contents of aluminum, antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, bismuth, boron, cadmium, calcium, chromium, cobalt, copper, gallium, iron, lead, lithium, magnesium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, phosphorus, potassium, scandium, selenium, silver, sodium, strontium, thallium, tin, titanium, vanadium and zinc can be extracted from ores and related metallurgical materials for determination by analytical methods for elements in solution. Other elements may be determined from extracts produced using this practice.1.1.2 Actual element quantification in digested solutions can be accomplished by following the various test methods under other appropriate ASTM standards for element(s) of interest in solution.1.1.3 The detection limit and linear content range for each element is dependent on the atomic absorption, mass spectrometry or emission spectrometric technique employed and may be found in the manual accompanying the instrument used or ASTM standard method for analysis of the solutions. Consider the dilution factor in content calculations due to digestion and dilution of solid samples.1.1.4 The extent of extraction of elements from ores and related metallurgical materials by these practices is dependent upon the physical and mineralogical characteristics of the prepared sample and the digestion practice used.1.2 The digestion practices appear in the following order:  SectionsNitric Acid Microwave Digestion 7 to 14Four-Acid Total Digestion 15 to 211.3 The values stated SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurements are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Sections 11 and 20.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车