定价： 78元 / 折扣价： 67 元

定价： 78元 / 折扣价： 67 元 加购物车

定价： 78元 / 折扣价： 67 元 加购物车

定价： 78元 / 折扣价： 67 元 加购物车

4.1 This method is significant as a process control for polymerization time.4.2 When the cure times are determined at several temperatures and plotted as time versus temperature, different resins can be compared for curing characteristics.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the cure rate at any specified temperature for a thermosetting phenol-formaldehyde resin. The time at that temperature required to make a fluid mixture change into a hard immovable mass indicates speed of cure.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 Upper limits for the formaldehyde emission rates have been established for wood panel building products made with urea-formaldehyde adhesives and permanently installed in homes or used as components in kitchen cabinets and similar industrial products. This test method is intended for use in conjunction with the test method referenced by HUD 24 for manufactured housing and by Minnesota Statutes for housing units and building materials. This method may also be used for monitoring products for compliance to the California Air Resources Board (CARB) regulation for composite wood products and the Environmental Protection Agency Formaldehyde Emission Standards for Composite Wood Products, EPA TSCA Title VI 40 CFR Section 770. This test method provides a means of testing smaller samples and reduces the time required for testing.4.2 Formaldehyde concentration levels obtained by this small-scale method may differ from expected in full-scale indoor environments. Variations in product loading, temperature, relative humidity, and air exchange will affect formaldehyde emission rates and thus likely indoor air formaldehyde concentrations.4.3 This test method requires the use of a chamber of 0.02 to 1 m3 in volume to evaluate the formaldehyde concentration in air using the following controlled conditions:4.3.1 Conditioning of specimens prior to testing,4.3.2 Exposed surface area of the specimens in the test chamber,4.3.3 Test chamber temperature and relative humidity,4.3.4 The Q/A ratio, and4.3.5 Air circulation within the chamber.1.1 This test method measures the formaldehyde concentrations in air emitted by wood product test specimens under defined test conditions of temperature and relative humidity. Results obtained from this small-scale chamber test method are intended to be comparable to results obtained from testing larger product samples by the large chamber test method for wood products, Test Method E1333. The results may be correlated to values obtained from Test Method E1333. The quantity of formaldehyde in an air sample from the small chamber is determined by a modification of NIOSH 3500 chromotropic acid test procedure. As with Test Method E1333, other analytical procedures may be used to determine the quantity of formaldehyde in the air sample provided that such methods give results comparable to those obtained by using the chromotropic acid procedure. However, the test results and test report must be properly qualified and the analytical procedure employed must be accurately described.1.2 The wood-based panel products to be tested by this test method are characteristically used for different applications and are tested at different relative amounts or loading ratios to reflect different applications. This is a test method that specifies testing at various loading ratios for different product types. However, the test results and test report must be properly qualified and must specify the make-up air flow, sample surface area, and chamber volume.1.3 Ideal candidates for small-scale chamber testing are products relatively homogeneous in their formaldehyde release characteristics. Still, product inhomogeneities must be considered when selecting and preparing samples for small-scale chamber testing.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers compression molding, thermosetting, melamine-formaldehyde molding compounds, resin binder, with or without other resins, intimately combined with fillers, pigments, and any chemical agents needed. The molding compounds shall conform to the requirements specified. Tests shall be performed to determine the properties of the material in accordance with the following test methods: bulk factor; specific gravity; water absorption; impact resistance; flexural strength; deflection temperature; dielectric strength; permittivity and dissipation factor; arc resistance; shrinkage; and comparative tracking index.1.1 This specification covers compression molding, thermosetting, melamine-formaldehyde molding compounds as further defined in 4.1, resin binder, with or without other resins, intimately combined with fillers, pigments, and any chemical agents needed.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.NOTE 1: The properties included in this specification are those required to identify the types of molding compounds covered. There may be other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics. These will be added to the specification as their inclusion becomes generally desirable and the necessary test data and methods become available. Transfer or injection molding will usually result in different physical and electrical characteristics than compression molding.NOTE 2: ISO 2122-1977(E) is similar but not equivalent to this specification. Product classification and characterization are not equivalent.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers three types of urea-formaldehyde thermosetting resin adhesives suitable for use on wood, wood-based substrates, or plastic laminates. The requirements for the adhesive are based on tests of physical properties including viscosity, density, nonvolatile content, pH, insoluble matter, amylaceous matter, mixing properties, working life, and on strength properties, including dry shear strength in lumber-type joints, dry and wet shear strength in plywood-type joints, and all strength tests at the end of the storage life certified by the manufacturer. Testing procedures are specified to differentiate between the physical and adhesive bonding properties of the many commercial urea-formaldehyde thermosetting resin and catalyst systems. The adhesive bonding properties are measured on maple block and birch plywood specimens, prepared and tested in accordance with prescribed methods.1.1 This specification covers three types of urea-formaldehyde thermosetting resin adhesives suitable for use on wood, wood-based substrates, or plastic laminates.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.1.3 The requirements for the adhesive are based on tests of physical properties including viscosity, density, nonvolatile content, pH, insoluble matter, amylaceous matter, mixing properties, working life, and on strength properties, including dry shear strength in lumber-type joints, dry and wet shear strength in plywood-type joints, and all strength tests at the end of the storage life certified by the manufacturer.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Sections 8 through 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 This test method provides a measurement of iron content of formaldehyde solutions. The results of these measurements can be used for specification acceptance.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total iron content of formaldehyde solutions.1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method provides an analytical procedure for measuring formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor, workplace, ambient air or for emission testing.1.1 This test method presents a procedure for the determination of formaldehyde (HCHO) and other carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) in air. Other carbonyl compounds that have been successfully quantified by this method include acetaldehyde, acetone, propanal (propionaldehyde), 2-butanone (methyl ethyl ketone), butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, valeraldehyde, o-tolualdehyde, m-tolualdehyde, p-tolualdehyde, hexanal, and 2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde.1.2 This test method involves drawing air through a cartridge containing silica gel coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) reagent. Carbonyl compounds readily form stable derivatives with the acidified DNPH reagent. The DNPH derivatives are analyzed for parent aldehydes and ketones using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). UHPLC systems use higher pressures and smaller particle sizes in columns compared to HPLC systems. The sampling procedure is a modification of U.S. EPA Method TO-11A (see 2.2).1.3 This test method is based on the reaction of carbonyl compounds with DNPH in the presence of an acid to form stable derivatives according to the reaction shown in Fig. 1, (where: both R and R1 are alkyl or aromatic groups (ketones), or either, or both R or R1 is a hydrogen atom (aldehydes)). The determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds, as DNPH derivatives, is similar to that of U.S. EPA Method TO-11A in that it uses HPLC or UHPLC for separation of carbonyl compounds followed by UV adsorption or photodiode array detection. This test method exceeds the stated applicability of TO-11A to include other carbonyl compounds that can be determined as stated in 10.2.4. This test method is suitable for determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in the airborne concentration range from approximately 10 ppbv/v (12 μg/m3), requires sampling for 1 h at 1 L/min) to 1 ppmv/v (1.2 mg/m3). Lower concentrations in air may be determined using higher sampling volume and with control of contamination, appropriate selection of flow rate and sampling duration.FIG. 1 Reaction of Carbonyl Compounds1.4 The sampling method gives a time-weighted average (TWA) sample. It can be used for long-term (1 to 24 h) or short-term (5 to 60 min) sampling of air for formaldehyde. Shorter sampling times or low flow rates will result in higher detection limits and may result in greater variation in co-located sampler results. Tests should be performed over a duration and a flow rate that allows the data quality objective of the project to be achieved. Sample times for other carbonyls, such as acetaldehyde, may be limited to short term (1).2 The data provides total concentrations of carbonyl compounds from which time weighted average concentrations can be calculated.1.5 This test method instructs the user on how to prepare sampling cartridges from commercially available chromatographic grade silica gel cartridges3 by the application of acidified DNPH to each cartridge.1.6 The sampling flow rate, as described in this test method, has been validated for sampling rates up to 1.5 L/min for formaldehyde. This flow rate limitation is principally due to the high pressure drop (>8 kPa at 1.0 L/min) across user prepared silica gel cartridges which have a particle size of 55 to 105 µm. These cartridges are not generally compatible with battery-powered pumps used in personal sampling equipment (for example, those used by industrial hygienists).1.7 Alternatively, pre-coated DNPH silica gel cartridges are commercially available and may be substituted provided they can be demonstrated to meet blank and analyte trapping acceptance criteria (2). Some of these use silica gel of a larger particle size that results in a lower pressure drop across the cartridge. These low pressure drop cartridges may be more suitable for sampling air using battery-powered personal sampling pumps.1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

This specification covers the testing and requirements for two types of compression-molding, thermosetting urea-formaldehyde molding compounds. Type 1 are general purpose molding compounds with alpha-cellulose fillers, while, Type 2 are general purpose molding compounds with cellulose fillers other than alpha-cellulose. The molding compounds shall be of uniform composition, and the apparent density, bulk factor, plasticity, particle size, and color shall be compounded as to conform to the requirements prescribed herein. Also, sampled test specimens shall be examined and conform correspondingly to the following physical requirements: specific gravity; flexural strength; impact resistance; water absorption; dielectric strength; and arc resistance.1.1 This specification covers compression molding thermosetting, urea-formaldehyde molding compounds as further defined in 3.1.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.NOTE 1: The properties included in this specification are those required to identify the types of molding compounds covered. There may be other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics. Transfer or injection molding will usually result in different physical and electrical characteristics than compression molding.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 2: ISO 2112-1977(E) is similar but not equivalent to this specification. Product classification and characterization are not the same.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 Low operating temperature fuel cells such as PEMFCs require high purity hydrogen for optimal performance and longevity. Organic halides and formaldehyde can react with catalyst in PEMs and non-methane hydrocarbons degrade PEM stack performance.1.1 The gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) procedure described in this test method is used to determine concentrations of total organic halides and total non-methane hydrocarbons (TNMHC) in hydrogen by measurement of individual target halocarbons (Table 1) and hydrocarbons (including formaldehyde, Table 1 and Table 2), respectively.1.2 Mention of trade names in this test method does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Other manufacturers’ equipment or equipment models can be used.1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the formaldehyde monomer concentration in water and wastewater.1.2 This test method is suitable for free formaldehyde concentrations in the range of 0.2 to 7.0 mg/L. For samples containing concentrations greater than 7 mg/L, dilute with reagent water prior to analysis. Samples containing between 0.02 and 0.5 mg/L may be run using a 10-cm cell.1.3 This test method is for use with reagent water and wastewater. It is the user's responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for waters of untested matrices.1.4 Formaldehyde polymers react partially or slowly, or both, making this test method unsuitable for analysis of these compounds.1.5 For specific hazard statements, see Section 9. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

4.1 This test method provides a measurement of formaldehyde content (assay) of formaldehyde solutions. The results of these measurements can be used for specification acceptance.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the formaldehyde content of commercially available formaldehyde solutions ranging in concentration from 36 to 55 weight %.1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed value or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This test method covers personal or area measurements of formaldehyde in indoor air in the range from 0.01 to 17 mg/m (0.008 to 14 ppm v/v). Formaldehyde is collected in a passive diffusion sampler, and analyzed by a colorimetric method using 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone hydrochloride (MBTH). The recommended sampling time is 15 min to 24 h. 1.2 The lower quantification limit of the MBTH test method is 0.03 [mu]g of formaldehyde per millilitre of absorbing solution used. A formaldehyde concentration of 0.01 mg/m (0.008 ppm v/v) can be determined in indoor air, based on using an aliquot of 5 mL of absorbing solution in the prescribed sampler for a period of 24 h and observing a minimum difference of 0.05 absorbance units from the blank when using spectrophotometer cells of path length 1 cm. 1.3 Water soluble aliphatic aldehydes give a significant positive interference (1, 2) nearly equal to formaldehyde on a molar basis. Further information on estimating potential and actual interferences from aliphatic aldehydes may be found in 6.2 and 10.1.7. Most other compounds which react to produce colored products are not gaseous or water soluble and, consequently, should not interfere. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Notes 1 and 2.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元