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This practice may be employed for a relative determination of the useful energy collected by different solar collectors tested side-by-side under the same operating and environmental parameters, in the same location, and on the same test day. Variations in inlet temperature and transfer fluid flow rate should be minimized for best results.Limitations: Caution should be exercised when comparing the all-day thermal performance data for collectors tested by this practice to the performance of other collectors not tested at the same time and the same location, or with the same test conditions. The data collected by this practice represent the behavior of the tested collectors only under the conditions occurring on the day of test and at the specific inlet temperature and fluid flow rate employed during the test.5.2.1 In the case of low-temperature collectors (operating below 100°C (212°F)), consideration must be given to the relationship of inlet temperature to ambient temperature when analyzing or interpreting the test data.Data collected in this test have not been shown to provide the overall comparison of collectors or collector concepts that would be required to support a nationally accepted rating or certification program.1.1 This practice covers a means of generating all-day thermal performance data for flat-plate collectors, concentrating collectors, and tracking collectors.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in the parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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5.1 The PSCI provides a measure of the cracking observed on the pavement surface. It provides a quantitative and rational basis for rating pavement surface cracking to aid in determining maintenance and repair needs and priorities. Periodic monitoring of the PSCI can be used to establish feedback on pavement performance for validation or improvement of current pavement design and maintenance procedures. The PSCI is calculated from the PSCM.5.2 The PSCM uses the openness or aperture size of the pavement surfacing caused by cracking as the objective function. This is a measure of the surface integrity due to cracking that relates to the area that could potentially admit surface water.5.3 It also relates to the loss of horizontal tensile integrity at the surface because that is proportional to the total length of cracks and to interparticle load transfer, which is related in part to crack width.5.4 It is, however, a purely physical dimensional measure and has no prior dependency on cause or type of cracking.5.5 Any evaluation of the cause of the cracking, or of its impact on pavement performance, would be made independently together with other factors relevant to the particular purpose, as elaborated later.5.6 Sealed cracks, potholes, and patching are not included in the PSCM and PSCI calculations.1.1 This practice covers the quantification of pavement surface cracking from digital 2D images or 3D data (or both) of the pavement surface.1.2 The objectives of this standard are to eliminate human subjectivity and intervention in the process of generating cracking indices, to define cracking metrics and other required parameters objectively, and to enable all users of the standard to produce the same cracking indices given the same cracking data.1.3 The cracking indices are unitless and are calculated in a straightforward manner from fundamental measurements of length, width, and area as defined in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The standards employed in the Process Stream Analyzer PSPV Generation Flow Diagram each have a specific deliverable that when combined into a single system produces a PSPV enabling the representation of product by process stream analyzer.4.2 The description of each standard in the process provides the user with an overview of the application of the standard in the process for developing a PSPV.1.1 This practice covers generating a Process Stream Property Value (PSPV) from the application of a process stream analyzer, which requires the use of several ASTM standards. These standards describe procedures to collect a representative sample, establish and validate the relationship to the primary test method, and calculate a property value with an expected uncertainty. Each standard builds or prepares data, or both, to be used in another standard. The workflow process culminates to produce a process stream analyzer result that represents a user defined batch of product. The sequence in which the standards are to be utilized is defined in this practice.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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