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AS 1163-1991/Amdt 2-1996 Structural steel hollow sections 被代替 发布日期 :  1996-03-05 实施日期 : 

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AS 1163-1991/Amdt 1-1992 Structural steel hollow sections 被代替 发布日期 :  1992-12-21 实施日期 : 

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AS 1163-1991 Structural steel hollow sections 被代替 发布日期 :  1991-11-15 实施日期 : 

定价: 689元 / 折扣价: 586 加购物车

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CAN3-A82.8-M78 (R2003) Hollow Clay Brick 现行 发布日期 :  1970-01-01 实施日期 : 

1. Scope 1.1 This Standard covers hollow building and facing brick made from clay, shale, fireclay, or mixtures thereof and burned for use in brick masonry. 1.2 This Standard excludes ceramic or other glazed brick. Brick to be treated with water-r

定价: 364元 / 折扣价: 310

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1.1 Scope This standard applies to hollow insulators made of ceramic material, with their fixing devices, intended for use with a perman ent gas pressure greater than 0,5 bar having an internal volume equal to or greater than 1 litre (1 000 cm3). They

定价: 819元 / 折扣价: 697

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This specification covers hollow building brick and hollow facing brick made from clay, shale, fire clay, or mixtures thereof, and fired to incipient fusion. Hollow brick shall be understood to mean hollow clay masonry units whose net cross-sectional area (solid area) in any plane parallel to the surface, containing the cores, cells, or deep frogs, is less than 75 % of its gross cross-sectional area measured in the same plane. The bricks are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment shall develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements specified. Bricks that are colored by flashing or textured by sanding, where sand does not form a continuous coating, shall not be considered as surface-colored brick. Hollow bricks require greater shell and web thicknesses and higher minimum compressive strength than structural clay tile, but permit greater void area and lesser distance from exposed edge to core hole than solid brick. Therefore, environmental and structural performance may be different in elements constructed of hollow brick from those constructed of structural clay tile or solid brick. The hollow bricks can be classified into Grades SW and MW according to their degree of resistance to frost action and disintegration by weathering. According to their physical properties, the bricks can be classified into Types HBS, HBX, HBA, and HBB. In terms of size of void areas or hollow spaces, the bricks can be designated into Classes H40V and H60V. The brick shall be free of defects, deficiencies, and surface treatments, including coatings, that would interfere with the proper laying of the brick or significantly impair the strength or performance of the construction. Physical properties like compressive strength, water absorption, saturation coefficient, breakage, and cracks shall be determined.1.1 This specification covers hollow building brick and hollow facing brick made from clay, shale, fire clay, or mixtures thereof, and fired to incipient fusion; intended for use in masonry supplying structural and/or facing components to the structure. In this specification, the term hollow brick shall be understood to mean hollow clay masonry units whose net cross-sectional area (solid area) in any plane parallel to the surface containing the cores, cells, or deep frogs, is less than 75 % of its gross cross-sectional area measured in the same plane (see 4.3).1.2 The requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick extracted from masonry structures for determining compliance with the requirements of this specification is beyond the intent of this standard.1.3 This specification does not cover brick intended for use as paving brick (see Specification C902).1.4 Brick covered by this specification are ceramic products manufactured primarily from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment shall develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. Additives or recycled materials are permitted to be included at the option of the manufacturer. (See “firing” and “firing bond” in Terminology C1232.)1.4.1 This specification and its individual requirements shall not be used to qualify or corroborate the performance of a masonry unit made from other materials, or made with other forming methods, or other means of binding the materials.1.5 Four types of hollow brick in each of two grades and two classes are covered.1.6 Hollow brick differ from unglazed structural clay tile (Specifications C34 and C212) and solid brick (Specifications C62 and C216). Hollow brick require greater shell and web thicknesses and higher minimum compressive strength than structural clay tile, but permit greater void area and lesser distance from exposed edge to core hole than solid brick. Therefore, environmental and structural performance may be different in elements constructed of hollow brick from those constructed of structural clay tile or solid brick.1.7 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价: 590元 / 折扣价: 502 加购物车

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4.1 Hollow-stem auger drilling may be used in support of geoenvironmental exploration (Practice D3550, Test Method D4428/D4428M) and for installation of subsurface water quality monitoring devices in unconsolidated sediment. Hollow-stem auger drilling may be selected over other methods based on the advantages over other methods. These advantages include: the ability to drill without the addition of drilling fluid(s) to the subsurface, and hole stability for sampling purposes (see Test Method D1586 and Practices D1587, D2487, D2488, and D6151) and monitoring well construction in unconsolidated to poorly indurated materials. This drilling method is generally restricted to the drilling of shallow, unconsolidated sediment or softer rocks. The hollow-stem drilling method is a favorable method to be used for obtaining cores and samples and for the installation of monitoring devices in many, but not every geologic environment.NOTE 2: In many geologic environments the hollow-stem auger drilling method can be used for drilling, sampling, and monitoring device installations without the addition of fluids to the borehole. However, in cases where heaving water-bearing sands or silts are encountered, the addition of water or drilling mud to the hollow-auger column may become necessary to inhibit the piping of these fluid-like materials into the augers. These drilling conditions, if encountered, should be documented.4.1.1 The application of hollow-stem augers to geoenvironmental exploration may involve groundwater and soil sampling, in situ or pore-fluid testing, or utilization of the hollow-auger column as a casing for subsequent drilling activities in unconsolidated or consolidated materials (Test Method D2113).NOTE 3: The user may install a monitoring device within the same auger borehole wherein sampling or in situ or pore-fluid testing was performed.4.1.2 The hollow-stem auger column may be used as a temporary casing for installation of a subsurface water quality monitoring device. The monitoring device is usually installed as the hollow-auger column is removed from the borehole.4.2 The subsurface water quality monitoring devices that are addressed in this guide consist generally of a screened or porous intake device and riser pipe(s) that are usually installed with a filter pack to enhance the longevity of the intake unit, and with isolation seals and low-permeability backfill to deter the movement of fluids or infiltration of surface water between hydrologic units penetrated by the borehole (see Practice D5092). A piezometer is primarily a device used for measuring subsurface hydraulic heads, the conversion of a piezometer to a water quality monitoring device should be made only after consideration of the overall quality and integrity of the installation, to include the quality of materials that will contact sampled water or gas.NOTE 4: Both water quality monitoring devices and piezometers should have adequate casing seals, annular isolation seals, and backfills to deter the movement of fluids between hydrologic units.NOTE 5: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/evaluation/and the like. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 This guide covers how hollow-stem auger-drilling systems may be used for geoenvironmental exploration and installation of subsurface water quality monitoring devices.1.2 Hollow-stem auger drilling for geoenvironmental exploration and monitoring device installations often involves safety planning, administration, and documentation. This guide does not purport to specifically address exploration and site safety.NOTE 1: This guide does not include considerations for geotechnical site characterizations that are addressed in a separate guide.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价: 590元 / 折扣价: 502 加购物车

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1.1 This specification covers seamless nickel alloy tubing for use in mechanical applications or as hollow bar for use in the production of hollow components such as, but not limited to, nozzles, reducers, and couplings by machining where corrosion-resistant or high-temperature strength is needed. The grades covered are listed in Table 1. 1.2 This specification covers seamless cold-finished mechanical tubing and hollow bar, and seamless hot-finished mechanical tubing and hollow bar in sizes up to 123/4 in. [325 mm] in outside nominal diameter (for round tubing) with wall thicknesses or inside diameters as required. 1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided and when desired, shall be stated in the order. 1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价: 646元 / 折扣价: 550 加购物车

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4.1 A major concern for prison administrative officials is security barriers used in detention/correctional facilities. These test methods are designed to aid in identifying levels of physical security for swinging detention hollow metal door assemblies.4.2 The construction and size of test doors and all hardware components are representative of the application under investigation, and are the same construction and size throughout all of the tests.4.3 These test methods are not intended to provide a measure of resistance for a door assembly subjected to attack by corrosive agents, by high-powered rifles, explosives, sawing, or other such methods. These test methods are intended to evaluate the resistance of a door assembly to violent attacks using battering devices, such as benches, bunks, or tables; by handguns up to and including .44 magnum, UL-752 Level 3; by prying devices; by devices used to deform the door and render it inoperable; and by fires started by using mattresses, books, and other flammable materials.4.4 The primary purpose or result of these test methods is to approximate the levels of abuse to which door assemblies are potentially subjected in the field. The desired result of its use is to help provide insurance of protection to the public, to facility administrative personnel, and to the inmates themselves.4.5 It is recommended that detention/correctional facility administration provide adequate training, supervision, and preventative maintenance programs to enable door assemblies to function as intended throughout the expected service life.1.1 These test methods cover requirements for mechanical tests, simulated service test, and testing equipment for determining the performance characteristics of swinging detention hollow metal door assemblies of various styles and types of construction for use in wall openings designed to incarcerate inmates in detention/correctional institutions.1.2 These test methods test the capability of a swinging door assembly to prevent, delay, and frustrate escape, to limit or control access to unauthorized or secure areas, and to resist common types of vandalism.1.3 These test methods apply primarily to detention door assemblies to and from secure areas generally found inside detention/correctional facilities, such as: day rooms, control rooms, cells, and sally ports.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价: 646元 / 折扣价: 550 加购物车

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4.1 A major concern for corrections administration officials is the resistance of security barriers used in detention/correctional facilities to certain types of physical attack that it is reasonable to expect in the field. These test methods are designed to aid in identifying a level of physical security for anchor systems used to install fixed detention hollow metal vision systems and door assemblies.4.2 These test methods are not intended to measure resistance to attack by corrosive agents, high-powered rifles, explosives, sawing, or other such methods. These test methods are intended to evaluate the resistance of a vision system to violent attacks using battering devices such as benches, bunks, fire extinguishers, or tables; hand guns up to and including the .44 magnum; and fires started by using mattresses, books, and similar flammable materials.4.3 The primary purpose or result of this standard is to provide detailed test methods that approximate the levels of abuse to which it is possible that vision system and door assembly anchor systems become subjected in the field. The desired result of its use is to give ensurance of protection to the public, to prison administrative personnel, and to the inmates themselves in the event of such attack.NOTE 1: It is recommended that detention/correctional facility administration provide adequate training, supervision, and preventive maintenance programs to enable hollow metal vision systems to function as intended throughout the expected service life.1.1 These test methods cover anchor systems used for the installation of fixed detention hollow metal vision systems and door assemblies of various materials and types of construction. These anchor systems are used to install fixed hollow metal vision systems and door assemblies in wall openings in detention and correctional institutions designed to incarcerate inmates.1.2 Anchor systems individual components investigated under these test methods include detention security hollow metal frames, frame anchoring, security glazing, panels, and removable glazing stops.1.3 These test methods are designed to test the capability of anchor systems used to install a fixed detention hollow metal vision system or door assembly to prevent, delay, and frustrate escape; to limit or control access to unauthorized or secured areas; and prevent passage of contraband.1.4 These test methods apply primarily to anchor systems used to install detention hollow metal vision systems or door assemblies between secure areas generally found inside a detention/correctional facility such as: day rooms, control rooms, cells, and sally ports. These test methods are applicable to anchor systems used to install vision systems and door assemblies other than hollow metal, provided testing and reporting procedures are followed.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价: 646元 / 折扣价: 550 加购物车

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