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1.1 This provisional specification establishes requirements for devices intended to address the risk of injury and death associated with accidental falls from windows by children five years old and younger.1.2 This provisional specification is not intended to meet the unique requirements of Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA).1.3 This provisional specification applies to window fall prevention devices that are to be used on any windows, including those that are designated for emergency escape (egress) and rescue (ingress).Note 1A separate provisional standard safety specification, provisional specification PS 112-98, covers window fall prevention devices for non-emergency escape (egress) and rescue (ingress) windows in installations more than 75 feet (23 m) above ground level in multiple family dwelling buildings.1.4 Provisional standards achieve limited consensus through approval of the sponsoring subcommittee.This provisional standard does not purport to address all safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI values given in parentheses are for information only.

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5.1 Spinal implants are generally composed of several components that, when connected together, form a spinal implant construct. Spinal implant constructs are designed to provide some stability to the spine while arthrodesis takes place. This test method outlines standardized evaluations of different interconnection mechanisms to facilitate comparison between different designs. Comparisons must be made cautiously and with careful analysis, taking into account the effects that design differences can have on the loading configurations.5.2 This test method is used to quantify the static and fatigue properties of different implant interconnection designs. The mechanical tests are conducted in vitro using simplified, unidirectional loads and moments. Fatigue testing in a simulated body fluid or saline may have a fretting, corrosive, or lubricating effect on the interconnection and thereby affect the relative performance of tested devices. Hence, the test environment, whether a simulated body fluid, saline (9 g NaCl per 1000 mL H2O), with a saline drip, or dry, is an important characteristic of the test and must be reported accurately.5.3 The loading of spinal implant constructs in vivo will, in general, differ from the loading configurations used in this test method. The results obtained here cannot be used directly to predict in vivo performance. However, the results can be used to compare different component designs in terms of relative mechanical parameters.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of uniaxial static and fatigue strength, and resistance to loosening of the component interconnection mechanisms of spinal arthrodesis implants.1.2 The purpose of this test method is to provide a means of mechanically characterizing different designs of spinal implant interconnections. Ultimately, the various components and interconnections should be combined for static and fatigue testing of the spinal implant construct. It is not the intention of this test method to address the analysis of spinal implant constructs or subconstructs or to define levels of performance of spinal implants, as insufficient knowledge is available to predict the consequences of the use of particular spinal implant designs.1.3 This standard defines test methods to measure the strength of spinal implant component interconnections and how to report test results.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard, with the exception of angular measurements, which may be reported in terms of either degrees or radians.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification establishes the installation, safety, performance, and labeling requirements for devices intended to address the risk of injury and death associated with accidental falls from windows by children five years old and younger. It applies to window fall prevention devices that are to be used on any window, including those that are designated for emergency escape (egress) and rescue (ingress). It is, however, not intended to meet the unique requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).1.1 This specification establishes requirements for devices intended to address the risk of injury and death associated with accidental falls through open windows by children five years old and younger.1.2 This specification is not intended to meet the unique requirements of Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA).1.3 This specification applies to window fall prevention devices, including window opening control devices (WOCDs), window fall prevention screens, and fall prevention window guards, that are to be used on operable windows, including those that are designated for emergency escape (egress) and rescue (ingress).NOTE 1: A separate safety specification, Safety Specification F2006, covers window fall prevention devices for non-emergency escape (egress) and rescue (ingress) windows in installations more than 75 ft6 (23 m) above ground level in multiple family dwelling buildings since windows at these heights are beyond the reach of rescue ladders currently in use.1.4 Window manufacturers who rely on a test report from the supplier of the window fall prevention device shall verify that the installation of the window fall prevention device (either installed by the window manufacturer prior to shipping of the window or provided by the window manufacturer as a field installed kit) on their specific window product operator type complies with this standard.1.5 Partial compliance to this standard is not permitted. In order to claim compliance to this standard, all of the applicable requirements in the standard must be met.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F851-87(2020) Standard Test Method for Self-Rising Seat Mechanisms Active 发布日期 :  1970-01-01 实施日期 : 

3.1 This test method provides the criteria for a practical, reproducible test for assuring the proper life-cycle of self-rising or automatic-lifting seat mechanisms of chairs.3.2 This test method should be considered suitable for the testing required for design purposes, manufacturing control, service evaluation, specification acceptance, and regulatory statutes.1.1 This test method evaluates the performance of self-rising or automatic-lifting seat mechanisms of chairs in places of assembly.1.2 This test method addresses only the raising of the seat. It does not address the load that may be placed on that seat. Committee F15 is considering a standard addressing this load.1.3 The values as stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are provided for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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