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3.1 Vibration encountered in the field is not usually simple harmonic.3.2 This test can be used to determine relative motion between parts, critical frequencies, adhesion strengths, loosening of parts or other physical effects that can cause fatigue or failure.3.3 Experience has shown that this test will expose potential failures associated with the electronic components of a membrane switch, where tests of lower levels will not.3.4 This practice can be used to qualify a membrane switch for aerospace, medical and other applications.3.5 This test is potentially destructive, intended for device qualification.3.6 Either Test Condition A or B can be chosen, based upon the intent of the test determined by the qualified engineer.1.1 This test method establishes procedures for determining the effect of sinusoidal vibration, within the specified frequency range, on switch contacts, mounting hardware, adhered component parts, solder or heat stakes, tactile devices, and cable or ribbon interconnects associated with a membrane switch or membrane switch assembly.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Ingression protection classifications are widely used by manufacturers for specifying the level of protection offered by enclosures.5.2 An example of such a classification scheme is IEC 60529. Membrane switch manufacturers are often asked to meet these standards, however the test methods specified within these standards do not address considerations specific to membrane switches.5.3 The MSIP classification system considers the membrane switch separately from the testing and IP codes used for classifying the enclosure when subject to similar test conditions.5.4 Ingression testing can be useful to identify design deficiencies.1.1 This guide establishes a classification system and references test methods for verifying the degrees of:1.1.1 The ingress of dust into the internal layers of a membrane switch.1.1.2 Ingress of water into the internal layers of a membrane switch.1.1.3 Where external test methods are referenced, this guide specifies the special conditions that shall be considered in applying these tests to membrane switches and how the results are interpreted.1.2 This guide references test methods that can be used to establish the ingress classification of a membrane switch.1.3 This guide utilizes the test methods and reporting structure of IEC 60529 – (Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosures) modified for membrane switches.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 There are numerous flammability ratings and tests. Almost without fail, these standards and tests are focused on very specific industries or results, many of which are not applicable to the membrane switch/human machine interface assembly. This test is designed to provide relative results between membrane switches that have been assembled to the unit's final enclosure, housing, etc.4.2 In addition to the test's measurement of the rate of burn, a laboratory can also observe the effects of burning material falling from the test specimen onto other materials (typically a gauze test area) not directly part of the test specimen. The indirect burning is an issue of interest to see if the test specimen will be able to act as an initiator for a far greater and more damaging flame event (fire). Observations should be noted, as qualitative descriptions, as appropriate.4.3 This test can measure the flammability via the use of high-speed photographic or video equipment.4.4 Temperature of the ignition source can be measured via a calibrated thermocouple pyrometer, calorimeter or IR thermometer with an appropriate range.4.5 This test is not designed to provide a PASS or NO PASS status for a switch, rather, it is designed to provide a “grade” for the level of flammability of a membrane switch assembly (as defined in 3.1.10). The end user should make the final determination if the level of flammability is acceptable for the particular application.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flammability characteristics of a membrane switch.1.2 This test method defines the MSB rating of a membrane switch. Each character of the MSB rating represents a discrete characteristic of a membrane switch performance under destructive thermal loading.1.3 This test procedure will be destructive, but should provide an insight into the relative performance flame-resistance characteristics of differing designs or assemblies, or both.1.4 This test method will focus on the use of convective contact (burner flame) method for ignition, though other methods of ignition are available.1.5 This test method is designed to determine if the membrane switch assembly will add (or detract) from the flame propagation from an exterior flame/fire source.1.6 If this test is intended to be used for an internal flammability source then set up the unit under test (UUT) appropriately and note it in the test scope and results.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Contact bounce time is essential to manufacturers and users when designing interface circuitry because it specifies the time delay necessary in the decoder circuitry to avoid any false signals caused by contact bounce. Allowing for time delay makes the switch operation considerably more reliable.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the contact bounce time of a membrane switch.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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4.1 Dielectric withstand voltage testing is useful for design verification, quality control of materials, and workmanship.4.2 This test method is used to verify that the membrane switch or printed electronic device can operate safely at its rated voltage, and withstand momentary overpotentials due to switching, surges and other similar electrical phenomena.4.3 Specific areas of testing are, but not limited to:4.3.1 Conductor/dielectric/conductor crossing point,4.3.2 Close proximity of conductors, and4.3.3 Any other conductive surface such as shielding or metal backing panel.4.4 Dielectric withstand voltage testing may be destructive and units that have been tested should be considered unreliable for future use.4.5 Testing using ac voltage may be useful for switches intended for control circuits powered by ac voltages.1.1 This test method covers the verification of a specified dielectric withstand voltage or dielectric breakdown voltage of a membrane switch or printed electronic device.

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3.1 Capacitance testing is useful for design verification, quality control of materials, and workmanship.3.2 High capacitance may interfere with the reliable performance of interface electronics.3.3 Specific areas of testing are, but not limited to:3.3.1 Conductor/dielectric/conductor crossing point,3.3.2 Close proximity of conductors, and3.3.3 Any other conductive surface such as shielding or metal backing panel.1.1 This test method covers the determination of capacitance(s) of a membrane switch or printed electronic device.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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4.1 Resistance is useful to manufacturers and users when designing membrane switch interface circuitry.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the circuit resistance of a membrane switch.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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4.1 Current carrying capacity is used by designers and manufacturers of electronic interface circuitry to ensure that the membrane switch can reliably handle the loads occurring in normal use and under extreme circumstances. A thorough understanding of CCC allows manufacturers to take it into account when developing design rules for membrane switches.4.2 Failures due to exceeding the CCC of a circuit may take the form of a significant change in conductor resistance, insulation breakdown (shorts), or conductor breakdown (opens).4.3 Since a number of design parameters, such as trace width, ink film thickness, and heat transfer (mounting substrates, active cooling such as fans) affect the final test results, any conclusions should only be applied to specific designs, rather than to a general combination of materials.4.4 Current carrying capacity tests may be destructive and units that have been tested should be considered unreliable for future use.4.5 Current carrying capacity may be significantly different for static loads and dynamic (that is, cycling) loads. Failure modes are also generally different.4.6 The use of a thermocouple to monitor the temperature of the UUT may be helpful to monitor the progress of the test.4.7 Initial expected starting current should be calculated in advance to prevent damage to test equipment.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the current carrying capacity of a conductor as part of a membrane switch.1.2 This test method may be used to test a circuit to destruction, that is, to determine its maximum current carrying capacity, or it may be used to test the ability of a circuit to withstand a desired current level.1.3 This test method applies only to static conditions, and does not apply to contact closure cycling of a membrane switch under current load (test method forthcoming).1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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Switch travel is one factor used to quantify the feel of a membrane switch.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the travel of a membrane switch.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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Bending or creasing of membrane switches or their components can affect their visual appearance, mechanical integrity or electrical functionality. This practice simulates conditions that may be seen during manufacture, installation or use.Bend or crease testing may be destructive, therefore any samples tested should be considered unfit for future use.Specific areas of testing include, but are not limited to:Membrane switch flex tails, andAny component of a membrane switch that may be subjected to bending or creasing.1.1 This practice establishes a method for the creasing or bending of any part of a membrane switch.1.2 This practice can be used with other test methods to achieve specific test results.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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3.1 The force and displacement values when converted to a slope are useful in quantifying the differences in tactile response among membrane switches.3.2 Specified resistance is useful to manufacturers and users when designing membrane switch interface circuitry.3.3 Actuation force and contact force are useful to manufacturers and users in determining the suitability, reference and aesthetics of a membrane switch in a given application.3.4 The tendency of a switch to make or break electrical contact at unexpected moments during closure or release can be a sign of a poor design. The degree of teasing can range from a simple annoyance to a failure of critical control process.3.5 The amount of switch sensitivity or teasing can also be a result of poor surface conductivity that will prevent an electrical event even when switch poles are in partial contact.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of force displacement characteristics of a membrane switch.1.1.1 This test method replaces Test Method F1570 (Tactile Ratio). Tactile Actuating Slope Angle and Tactile Recovery Slope Angle better represent the characterization of tactile sensation, previously called “Tactile Ratio” in Test Method F1570.1.1.2 This test method replaces Test Method F1682 (Travel).1.1.3 This test method replaces Test Method F1597 (Actuation and Contact Force).1.1.4 This test method replaces Test Method F1997 (Switch Sensitivity).1.2 Force displacement hysterisis loop curve can be used in the determination of Actuation Force, Displacement, Contact Force, Return Force, and Tactile Actuating Slope Angle and Tactile Recovery Slope Angle.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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3.1 The different combinations of SMD types, attachment medias, circuit substrates, plating options, and process variation can account for significant variation in test outcome.3.2 The SMD shear strength test is useful to manufacturers and users for determining the bond strength of the component to the membrane switch circuit.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the shear integrity of materials and procedures used to attach surface mount devices (SMD) to a membrane switch circuit.1.2 This test method is typically used to indicate the sufficient cure of conductive adhesive or underfill, or both. In general, this test method should be used prior to encapsulant. This test may also be used to demonstrate the Shear Force with encapsulation.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The effects of silver migration are short circuiting or reduction in insulation resistance. It is evidenced by staining or dicoloration between the cathode and anode conductive traces.4.2 Accelerated testing may be accomplished by increasing the voltage over the specified voltages. (A typical starting point would be 5Vdc 50mA).1.1 This test method is used to determine the susceptibility of a membrane switch to the migration of the silver between circuit traces under dc voltage potential.1.2 Silver migration will occur when special conditions of moisture and electrical energy are present.

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The tendency of a switch to make or break electrical contact at unexpected moments during closure or release can be a sign of a poor design. The degree of teasing can range from a simple annoyance to a failure of critical control process.The amount of switch sensitivity or teasing can also be a result of poor surface conductivity that will prevent an electrical event even when switch poles are in partial contact.1.1 This test method establishes procedures for depressing and releasing a tactile membrane switch to determine the amount of switch teasing, if any.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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