3.1 This test method provides a means of determining the acidity of sulfur and may be used for quality control, research and development, or for any other reason for which such a determination is required. A low acidity value indicates to the user that the sulfur used should not adversely affect the vulcanization system.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the acid material, which disassociates in distilled water, that is present in sulfur. The acidity is determined by an electrometric or visual titration.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method is used to determine one of the chemical properties of tannery liquors which are relevant for the vegetable tanning process and influence the astringency of vegetable tanning liquors. The astringency of liquors is dependent upon the solids and tannin content and the acidity. This test method provides a standard procedure for determining the total acidity for any sample of vegetable tanning liquor.5.2 The specimens are aliquots from the analytical solution prepared from the sample of tannery liquor collected for this purpose.5.3 The total acidity of the liquor sample is determined by one of two titrametric procedures described in this test method.1.1 This test method covers determining the acidity of tannery liquors made up from vegetable tanning materials.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Some petroleum products are treated with mineral acid as part of the refining procedure. Obviously, any residual mineral acid in a petroleum product is undesirable. The absence of a positive indication in the test for acidity of the distillation residue or aqueous extract of a hydrocarbon liquid is an assurance of the care used in refining the fuel or solvent.1.1 This test method covers the qualitative determination of the acidity of hydrocarbon liquids and their distillation residues. (Warning—Many hydrocarbon liquids are extremely flammable. Harmful if inhaled. Hydrocarbon liquid vapors can cause a flash fire.)1.2 If desired to determine the basicity of a hydrocarbon liquid, proceed in accordance with 9.2 or 9.3, but substitute 3 drops of phenolphthalein indicator solution for the methyl orange indicator. A pink or red color in the aqueous solution when phenolphthalein is used indicates basicity.1.3 The results obtained by this test method are qualitative expressions. However, for the preparation of reagents and in the procedure, acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The approximate acidity of used electrical insulating oils is an estimate of the total acid value of the oil. As acid values increase, oil quality decreases. This is usually due to oxidation of the oil while in service. In general, acidic by-products produce increased dielectric loss, increased corrosivity, and may cause thermal difficulties attributable to insoluble components called “sludge.” This test method is adapted to a specific volume of oil; total acid values of 0.05 to 0.5 mg of potassium hydroxide per gram of oil is a range which is functionally significant.1.1 This test method describes the determination of the approximate total acid value of used electrical insulating liquids having viscosities less than 24 cSt at 40°C. It is a simple procedure that can be applied in the field. Where a quantitative neutralization value is required, use Test Method D664 or Test Method D974. These test methods should be applied in the laboratory.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method is suitable for research or for quality control to characterize aromatic isocyanates and low-acidity prepolymers. Acidity correlates with performance in some polyurethane systems.1.1 This test method measures the acidity, expressed as ppm of hydrochloric acid (HCl), in aromatic isocyanate or polyurethane prepolymer samples of below 100 ppm acidity. The test method is applicable to products derived from toluene diisocyanate and methylene di(phenylisocyanate) (see Note 1). Refer to Test Method D6099 for determination of acidity in moderate- to high-acidity aromatic isocyanates.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: This standard is equivalent to ISO 14898, Method B.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method measures acidity quantitatively. Very dilute aqueous solutions of low molecular mass organic acids, such as acetic acid, are highly corrosive to many metals.5.2 Acceptable levels of acidity in ethanol can vary with different specifications, but in general, it is below 200 mg/kg (ppm). Knowledge of the acidity can be required to establish whether the product quality meets specification.1.1 This test method covers the determination of acidity as acetic acid in ethanol and ethanol solutions. This test method may be applied to ethanol samples containing very little water (dehydrated alcohols) to solutions with significant water (low proof ethanol samples). The solutions include denatured alcohols such as the U.S. denatured ethanol formulas defined in 27.CFR.Part 21. This test method is used for determining low levels of acidity, below 200 m⁄kg (ppm mass), with the exclusion of carbon dioxide.1.1.1 Procedure A—Developed specifically for measurement of acidity by potentiometric titration. This is the referee method.1.1.2 Procedure B—Developed specifically for measurement of acidity by color end point titration.1.2 The ethanol may be analyzed directly by this test method with minimal sample preparation.1.3 Review the current and appropriate Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first aid procedures, and safety precautions and proper personal protective equipment.1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specific hazards statements are given in Section 7 on Hazards.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This test method determines the total acidity, expressed as HCl, of crude or modified isocyanates. The test method is applicable to products derived from toluene di iso cyanate, methylene-bis-(4-phenyl iso cyanate), and polymethylene polyphenyl iso cyanates. (See Note 1.) 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements see 7.1 and Note 2. Note 1-There is no equivalent ISO standard.

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5.1 This test method measures acidity in ethanol or ethanol blends quantitatively. Denatured fuel ethanol may contain additives such as corrosion inhibitors and detergents as well as contaminants from manufacturing that can affect the acidity of finished ethanol fuel. Very dilute aqueous solutions of low molecular mass organic acids, such as acetic acid, are highly corrosive to many metals. It is important to keep such acids at a very low level.5.2 Acceptable levels of acidity in ethanol or ethanol blends can vary with different specifications but in general it is below 200 mg/kg (ppm). Knowledge of the acidity can be required to establish whether the product quality meets specification.1.1 This test method covers the determination of acidity as acetic acid (see Specification D4806) in commonly available grades of denatured ethanol, and ethanol blends with gasoline ranging from E95 to E30. This test method is used for determining low levels of acidity, below 200 mg/kg (ppm mass), with the exclusion of carbon dioxide.1.1.1 Procedure A—Developed specifically for measurement of acidity by potentiometric titration. This is the referee method.1.1.2 Procedure B—Developed specifically for measurement of acidity by color end point titration.1.2 The ethanol and ethanol blends may be analyzed directly by this test method without any sample preparation.1.3 Review the current and appropriate Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first aid procedures, and safety precautions and proper personal protective equipments.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specific hazards statements are given in Section 7 on Hazards.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This test method provides a measurement of acidity (as formic acid) in formaldehyde solutions. The results of these measurements can be used for specification acceptance.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the acidity of commercially available formaldehyde solutions.1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method is suitable for quality control, as a specification test, and for research. Acid numbers indicate the extent of any neutralization reaction of the polyol with acids. The results of this method measure batch-to-batch uniformity and are used as correction factors in calculating true hydroxyl numbers.1.1 This test method measures the acidic constituents in polyether polyols and reports the results as acid number. The typical acid number range is 0-0.1 mg KOH/g sample. (See Note 1.)1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This test method is useful for determining low levels of acidity, below 0.05 %, in organic compounds and hydrocarbon mixtures. The total acidity is calculated as acetic acid or milligrams of sodium hydroxide per gram of sample.4.2 Acidity may be present as a result of contamination, decomposition during storage or distribution, or manufacture. This test method may be used in assessing compliance with a specification.1.1 This test method covers the determination of total acidity as acetic acid, in concentrations below 0.05 %, in organic compounds and hydrocarbon mixtures used in paint, varnish, and lacquer solvents and diluents. It is known to be applicable to such mixtures as low molecular weight saturated and unsaturated alcohols, ketones, ethers, esters, hydrocarbon diluents, naphtha, and other light distillate petroleum fractions.1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed value or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance consult supplier’s Safety Data Sheet.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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