4.1 This practice provides minimum requirements for the ensurance of safety and efficacy. It provides a common language whereby the function of these surgical implants is described.1.1 This practice covers requirements for the evaluation and specification of implantable shunts as related to resistance to flow, direction of flow, materials, radiopacity, mechanical properties, finish, sterility, and labeling of shunt assemblies.1.2 Devices to which this practice is applicable include, but are not limited to, those that are temporarily implanted to effect external drainage; or permanently implanted to effect shunting of fluid from a cerebral ventricle, a cyst, the subarachnoid space to the peritoneal cavity, the venous circulation, or some other suitable internal delivery site, and intracranial bypass.1.3 Limitations—Although this practice includes a standard test method for the evaluation of pressure/flow characteristics of shunts or shunt components, it does not include specific pressure/flow requirements.1.4 The following components that individually or in combination comprise shunt assemblies are considered to be within the scope of this practice: catheters (such as atrial, peritoneal, ventricular), connectors, implantable accessory devices (such as antisiphon devices and reservoirs), valved catheters, and valves.NOTE 1: The standards in Section 2 contain provisions that, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this practice. At the time of publication, the editions indicated are valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this practice are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Devices or components, or both, whose structures are comparable to that outlined in these standards are acceptable.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

5.1 It is important to evaluate the corrosion resistance of ferrous metal components used in low-slope roofing and waterproofing because they provide integrity and securement of other system components, such as insulation and membranes. Corrosion of ferrous metal components may result in their early deterioration and may lead to roofing or waterproofing system failure.5.2 Results from testing ferrous metal components in an acidic atmosphere serve as an indication of the relative corrosion resistance of such components, coated or uncoated, to the environment of the test chamber. The results are not to be construed as a general guideline to the corrosion resistance of such components in other environments or in usage that may be conducive to corrosion.5.3 Moist air containing sulfur dioxide quickly produces easily visible corrosion on many ferrous metals. It is therefore a test medium suited to detect pores or other sources of weakness in protective barrier coatings.5.4 This test method applies primarily to evaluating the effectiveness of barrier coatings to provide general corrosion protection under test conditions. It is not intended to evaluate the resistance of the components to specific corrosion mechanisms such as crevice, galvanic, or stress corrosion.5.5 This test method does not address abrasion resistance of barrier coatings when the fasteners are driven through above roof deck components, such as an existing built-up roof or insulations, or both.5.6 Only the above deck portion of fasteners subjected to this test method is evaluated.1.1 This test method covers components of ferrous metal fastener assemblies, excluding those of stainless steel, such as fasteners, stress plates, and batten bars used in low slope roofing and waterproofing, to a sulfurous acid environment. This test method evaluates relative corrosion resistance of the components by determination of percentage of rust or white rust.1.2 The components may or may not have a surface treatment applied.1.3 A limiting factor is the subjectiveness when determining actual percentage of rust or white rust corrosion.1.4 Other performance characteristics of ferrous metal components such as abrasion resistance of barrier coatings are not evaluated in this method.1.5 This test method was developed based on Practice G87.1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This guide identifies the variables to consider when evaluating the performance of repetitive-member wood assemblies for parallel framing systems. This guide discusses general approaches to quantifying an assembly adjustment including limitations of methods and materials when evaluating repetitive-member assembly performance, and does not address the techniques for modeling or testing of such.1.1 This guide identifies variables to consider when evaluating repetitive-member assembly performance for parallel framing systems.1.2 This guide defines terms commonly used to describe interaction mechanisms.1.3 This guide discusses general approaches to quantifying an assembly adjustment including limitations of methods and materials when evaluating repetitive-member assembly performance.1.4 This guide does not detail the techniques for modeling or testing repetitive-member assembly performance.1.5 The analysis and discussion presented in this guideline are based on the assumption that a means exists for distributing applied loads among adjacent, parallel supporting members of the system.1.6 Evaluation of creep effects is beyond the scope of this guide.1.7 This guide does not purport to suggest or establish appropriate safety levels for assemblies, but cautions users that designers often interpret that safety levels for assemblies and full structures should be higher than safety levels for individual structural members.NOTE 1: Methods other than traditional safety factor approaches, such as reliability methods, are increasingly used to estimate the probability of failure of structural elements. However, the extension of these methods to assemblies or to complete structures is still evolving. For example, complete structures will likely exhibit less variability than individual structural elements. Additionally, there is a potential for beneficial changes in failure modes (that is, more ductile failure modes in systems). These considerations are beyond the scope of this guide.1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

AbstractFormerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F16 on Fasteners,this specification was withdrawn in May 2016 and replaced by Specification for High Strength Structural Bolts, Steeland Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 120 ksi (830 MPa) and 150 ksi (1040MPa) Minimum Tensile Strength, Inch and Metric Dimensions. Specification supersedes and replaces specifications; A325, A325M, A490, A490M, F1852 and F2280. The unified Specification corrects known inconsistencies in the original documents and the combination will assure that requirements of the products covered under the original standards stay aligned. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org,or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’sDocument Summary page on ASTM website.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

This specification deals with safeguarding against warpage and distortion during hot-dip galvanizing of steel assemblies. Common distorted and warped members of assemblies are sheets or plates assembled by welding or riveting. The following can cause warpage and distortion: use of nonsymmetrical sections such as channels; use of checkered plate; not properly vented overlapping joint for two pieces of steel; and too large assembly for a particular galvanizing kettle. Suggested corrections for panel fabrication are detailed.1.1 Steel assemblies and subassemblies fabricated by welding, such as composite structural members, sash, weldments, etc., that are to be hot-dip galvanized after fabrication, are subject to warpage and distortion of the material due to the heating and cooling integral to the galvanizing operation, particularly when it is necessary for the assembly to be dipped more than once to coat the entire surface.1.2 This specification is applicable in either inch pounds or SI units. Inch pounds and SI units are not necessarily exact equivalents. Within the text of this specification and where appropriate, SI units are shown in parentheses.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This fire-test-response standard is applicable to door assemblies for use in walls to retard the passage of fire (see .).1.2 This fire-test-response standard determines the ability of door assemblies to function as a fire-resistive barrier during a standard fire endurance test. Such a test meth shall not be construed as determining the suitability of door assemblies for continued use after their exposure to fire.1.3 This fire-test-response standard is intended to evaluate the ability of a door assembly to remain in an opening during a predetermined test exposure, which when required by is then followed by the application of a hose stream (see ).1.4 The hose stream test used in this test method is not designed to be representative of an actual hose stream used by a fire department during fire suppression efforts.1.5 The fire exposure is not representative of all fire conditions, which vary with changes in the amount, nature, and distribution of the fire loading, ventilation, compartment size and configuration, and heat characteristics of the compartment. It does, however, provide a relative measure of fire endurance of door assemblies under specified fire exposure conditions.1.6 Any variation from the tested construction or test conditions will possibly change the performance characteristics of door assembly.1.7 This fire-test-response standard does not provide the following:1.7.1 The fire endurance of door assemblies constructed of materials other than those tested.1.7.2 A temperature limit on the unexposed surface of the door assembly, although the temperatures are measured and recorded.1.7.3 A limit on the number of openings allowed in glazed areas or of the number and size of lateral openings between the door and frame.1.7.4 A measurement of smoke or products of combustion that pass through the door assembly.1.7.5 A measurement of smoke, toxic gases, or other products of combustion generated by the door assembly.Note 1The information in and may be important in determining the fire hazard or fire risk of door assemblies under actual fire conditions. This information may be determined by other suitable fire test methods. For example, flame spread and smoke development may be determined by Test Method E 84.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions1.9 This test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this test method.1.10 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

4.1 A major concern for prison administrative officials is security barriers used in detention/correctional facilities. These test methods are designed to aid in identifying levels of physical security for swinging detention hollow metal door assemblies.4.2 The construction and size of test doors and all hardware components are representative of the application under investigation, and are the same construction and size throughout all of the tests.4.3 These test methods are not intended to provide a measure of resistance for a door assembly subjected to attack by corrosive agents, by high-powered rifles, explosives, sawing, or other such methods. These test methods are intended to evaluate the resistance of a door assembly to violent attacks using battering devices, such as benches, bunks, or tables; by handguns up to and including .44 magnum, UL-752 Level 3; by prying devices; by devices used to deform the door and render it inoperable; and by fires started by using mattresses, books, and other flammable materials.4.4 The primary purpose or result of these test methods is to approximate the levels of abuse to which door assemblies are potentially subjected in the field. The desired result of its use is to help provide insurance of protection to the public, to facility administrative personnel, and to the inmates themselves.4.5 It is recommended that detention/correctional facility administration provide adequate training, supervision, and preventative maintenance programs to enable door assemblies to function as intended throughout the expected service life.1.1 These test methods cover requirements for mechanical tests, simulated service test, and testing equipment for determining the performance characteristics of swinging detention hollow metal door assemblies of various styles and types of construction for use in wall openings designed to incarcerate inmates in detention/correctional institutions.1.2 These test methods test the capability of a swinging door assembly to prevent, delay, and frustrate escape, to limit or control access to unauthorized or secure areas, and to resist common types of vandalism.1.3 These test methods apply primarily to detention door assemblies to and from secure areas generally found inside detention/correctional facilities, such as: day rooms, control rooms, cells, and sally ports.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

1. Scope and Object This clause of part 1 is applicable except as follows: 1.1 Scope Replacement: This Particular Standard specifies requirements for the safety of hand-held and hand-manipulated probe assemblies designed to be used with equipm

定价： 819元 / 折扣价： 697 元

4.1 Gasket compressions produced by bolt loads in a flanged joint are important in the application engineering of a joint assembly. They are related to the ability of a gasket to seal, to maintain tightness on assembly bolts, and to a variety of other gasket properties that determine the service behavior of a joint assembly. Thus, being able to determine the degree of compression in a gasket under the bolt loading will permit one to make qualitative predictions of the behavior of a joint assembly when it comes in contact with the application or service environment. With the plug test, bending of a flange facing between bolt centers can be measured; however, in a few highly distortable flanges the maximum bending between bolt centers may not be detected.4.2 The variation in gasket compressions at selected points in a flat-face joint assembly reveals the degree of flange distortion or the ability of the flange to distribute satisfactorily the compressive forces from bolt loads throughout the gasket.1.1 This practice permits measurement of gasket compression resulting from bolt loading on a flat-face joint assembly at ambient conditions.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers cylinder burst disk assemblies for paintball marker propellant sources their application and installation requirements. The materials and processes used to manufacture the burst disk assembly shall result in items with mechanical strength sufficient to pass the applicable burst pressure tests. Materials used shall be corrosion resistant, chemically compatible with the propellant used, and shall not promote galvanic action. The burst disk assembly and related port features shall be free of burrs and sharp edges. Burst disk assemblies intended for use with the specified service pressure shall meet the prescribed rupture pressure and temperature conditions. The relief hole in the burst disk assembly shall provide for flow to adequately vent the cylinder as specified. The rupture disk and seal shall be permanently retained on the plug to provide proper alignment and assembly. The burst disk assembly and port shall conform to the physical envelope as described in the illustrations given. The burst disk shall be marked with manufacturer code and rated burst pressure. Prior to installation the mating port and the burst disk assembly shall be inspected to confirm compliance with physical envelope requirements, cleanliness, and general suitability for use.1.1 This specification covers burst disk assemblies for paintball marker propellant sources their application and installation requirements.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification provides procedures for testing and establishing the structural capacities of proprietary rim board products and assemblies for use in light-frame wood construction using I-joist or structural composite lumber joist framing. This specification also establishes several procedures used to test rim board products and assemblies, to judge their acceptability, and to establish allowable design capacities.1.1 This specification provides procedures for testing and establishing the structural capacities of proprietary rim board products and assemblies for use in light-frame wood construction using I-joist or structural composite lumber joist framing. This specification does not apply to commodity rim board products.1.2 This specification was developed in light of currently manufactured panel, structural composite lumber, and pre-fabricated I-joist rim board products as defined in 3.2. Materials that do not conform to the definitions of 3.2 are beyond the scope of this specification.1.3 Fire safety, sound transmission, building envelope performance, and cutting/notching attributes of rim board products and assemblies fall outside the scope of this specification.1.4 This specification primarily considers end use in dry service conditions, such as most protected framing members, where the equilibrium moisture content for solid-sawn lumber is less than 16 %.1.5 This specification provides methods to establish “allowable stress” design resistances for use with the National Design Specification for Wood Construction (NDS). Derivation of design resistances from the test data in accordance with “load and resistance factor design” or “limit states design” are beyond the scope of this specification.1.6 Quality control requirements are outside the scope of this Specification.1.7 The performance of a rim board product will be affected by the constituent wood species, geometry, adhesive, and production parameters. Therefore, rim board products produced by each individual manufacturer shall be evaluated to determine their product properties, regardless of the similarity in characteristics to products produced by other manufacturers.1.8 Where a manufacturer produces product in more than one facility, each production facility shall be evaluated independently. For additional production facilities, any revisions to the full qualification program in accordance with this specification shall be approved by an accredited, independent qualifying agency.1.9 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

1.1 This specification covers steel stud assemblies for shear reinforcement of concrete. Stud assemblies consist of either single-headed studs (Type 1) attached to a structural steel base rail by structural welding or stud welding, or double-headed studs (Type 2) mechanically crimped into a non-structural steel shape or attached to a steel plate by spot welding or tack welding. These stud assemblies are not intended for use as shear connectors in steel-concrete composite construction.NOTE 1: The configuration of the studs for stud assemblies is much different than the configuration of the headed-type studs prescribed in Clause 9, Figure 9.1 of AWS D1.1/D1.1M. Ratios of the cross-sectional areas of the head-to-shank of the AWS D1.1/D1.1M studs range from about 2.5 to 4. In contrast, this specification requires the area of the head of the studs for stud assemblies to be at least 10 times the area of the shank. Thus, the standard headed-type studs in Clause 9, Figure 9.1 of AWS D1.1/D1.1M do not conform to the requirements of this specification for use as stud assemblies for shear reinforcement.1.2 This specification is applicable for orders in either inch-pound units or in SI units.1.3 The values stated either in inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this specification.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 These test methods are intended to provide a basis for evaluating the time period during which a beam, girder, column, or similar structural assembly, or a nonbearing wall, will continue to perform its intended function when subjected to a controlled, standardized fire exposure.5.1.1 In particular, the selected standard exposure condition simulates the condition of total continuous engulfment of a member or assembly in the luminous flame (fire plume) area of a large free-burning-fluid-hydrocarbon pool fire. The standard fire exposure is basically defined in terms of the total flux incident on the test specimen together with appropriate temperature conditions. Quantitative measurements of the thermal exposure (total heat flux) are required during both furnace calibration and actual testing.5.1.2 It is recognized that the thermodynamic properties of free-burning, hydrocarbon fluid pool fires have not been completely characterized and are variable depending on the size of the fire, the fuel, environmental factors (such as wind conditions), the physical relationship of the structural member to the exposing fire, and other factors. As a result, the exposure specified in these test methods is not necessarily representative of all the conditions that exist in large hydrocarbon pool fires. The specified standard exposure is based upon the best available information and testing technology. It provides a basis for comparing the relative performance of different assemblies under controlled conditions.5.1.3 Any variation to construction or conditions (that is, size, method of assembly, and materials) from that of the tested assembly is capable of substantially changing the performance characteristics of the assembly.5.2 Separate procedures are specified for testing column specimens with and without an applied superimposed load.5.2.1 The procedures for testing loaded columns stipulate that the load shall be applied axially. The applied load is to be the maximum load condition allowed under nationally recognized structural design criteria unless limited design criteria are specified and a corresponding reduced load applied.5.2.2 The procedure for testing unloaded steel column specimens includes temperature limits. These limits are intended to define the temperature above which a steel column with an axially applied design allowable load would fail structurally.5.2.3 The procedure for unloaded specimens also provides for the testing of other than steel columns provided that appropriate acceptance criteria have been established.5.3 Separate procedures are also specified for testing beam assemblies with and without an applied superimposed load.5.3.1 The procedure for testing loaded specimens stipulates that the beam shall be simply supported. Application of restraint against longitudinal thermal expansion depends on the intended use, as specified by the customer. The applied load is intended to be the allowable design load permitted for the beam as determined in accordance with accepted engineering practice.5.3.2 The procedure for testing unloaded beams includes temperature limits for steel. These limits are to define the temperature above which a simply supported, unrestrained beam would fail structurally if subjected to the allowable design load. The procedure for unloaded specimens also provides for the testing of other than steel and reinforced concrete beams provided that appropriate acceptance criteria have been established.5.3.3 It is recognized that beam assemblies that are tested without load will not deflect to the same extent as an identical assembly tested with load. As a result, tests conducted in accordance with the unloaded beam procedure are not intended to reflect the effects of crack formation, dislodgement of applied fire protection materials, and other factors that are influenced by the deflection of the assembly.5.4 A separate procedure is specified for testing the fire-containment capability of a wall/bulkhead/partition, etc. Acceptance criteria include temperature rise of nonfire exposed surface, plus the ability of the wall to prohibit passage of flames or hot gases, or both.5.5 In most cases, the structural assemblies that will be evaluated in accordance with these test methods will be located outdoors and subjected to varying weather conditions that are capable of adversely affecting the fire endurance of the assembly. A program of accelerated weathering followed by fire exposure is described to simulate such exposure.5.6 These test methods provide for quantitative heat flux measurements to support the development of design fires and the use of fire safety engineering models to predict thermal exposure and material performance in a wide range of fire scenarios.1.1 The test methods described in this fire-test-response standard are used for determining the fire-test response of columns, girders, beams or similar structural members, and fire-containment walls, of either homogeneous or composite construction, that are employed in HPI or other facilities subject to large hydrocarbon pool fires.1.2 It is the intent that tests conducted in accordance with these test methods will indicate whether structural members of assemblies, or fire-containment wall assemblies, will continue to perform their intended function during the period of fire exposure. These tests shall not be construed as having determined suitability for use after fire exposure.1.3 These test methods prescribe a standard fire exposure for comparing the relative performance of different structural and fire-containment wall assemblies under controlled laboratory conditions. The application of these test results to predict the performance of actual assemblies when exposed to large pool fires requires a careful engineering evaluation.1.4 These test methods provide for quantitative heat flux measurements during both the control calibration and the actual test. These heat flux measurements are being made to support the development of design fires and the use of fire safety engineering models to predict thermal exposure and material performance in a wide range of fire scenarios.1.5 These test methods are useful for testing other items such as piping, electrical circuits in conduit, floors or decks, and cable trays. Testing of these types of items requires development of appropriate specimen details and end-point or failure criteria. Such failure criteria and test specimen descriptions are not provided in these test methods.1.6 Limitations—These test methods do not provide the following:1.6.1 Full information on the performance of assemblies constructed with components or of dimensions other than those tested.1.6.2 An evaluation of the degree to which the assembly contributes to the fire hazard through the generation of smoke, toxic gases, or other products of combustion.1.6.3 Simulation of fire behavior of joints or connections between structural elements such as beam-to-column connections.1.6.4 Measurement of flame spread over the surface of the test assembly.1.6.5 Procedures for measuring the test performance of other structural shapes (such as vessel skirts), equipment (such as electrical cables, motor-operated valves, etc.), or items subject to large hydrocarbon pool fires, other than those described in 1.1.1.6.6 The erosive effect that the velocities or turbulence, or both, generated in large pool fires has on some fire protection materials.1.6.7 Full information on the performance of assemblies at times less than 5 min because the rise time called out in Section 5 is longer than that of a real fire.1.7 These test methods do not preclude the use of a real fire or any other method of evaluating the performance of structural members and assemblies in simulated fire conditions. Any test method that is demonstrated to comply with Section 5 is acceptable.1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.9 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.11 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.12 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

5.1 This method is intended to simulate the performance of various air barrier materials/accessories when combined into an assembly. Based upon the results of the measurements, this procedure then assigns an air leakage rating for the air barrier assembly.5.2 This method does not purport to establish all criteria necessary for consideration in the selection of an air barrier assembly. The results are intended to be used for comparison purposes and may not represent the field installed performance of the air barrier assembly when installed as part of an air barrier system in a building. However, the results of these tests may be useful in determining the appropriate use of a specified air barrier system assembly.5.3 This method does not purport to establish all criteria necessary for air barrier systems of all construction types. Test Method E2178 provides an air permeance test method for testing of some air barrier materials. Specification E1677 provides a specification for air barrier systems for low-rise framed building walls.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the air leakage rate of air barrier assemblies that are used in building enclosures. This procedure measures the air leakage of a representative air barrier assembly before and after exposure to specific conditioning cycles and then assigns a rating dependent upon the results. Although this is a laboratory procedure, the method may also be applied to site mockups.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

5.1 The spectrum of the noise in the room below the test specimen is determined by the following:5.1.1 The size and the mechanical properties of the floor-ceiling assembly, such as its construction, surface, mounting or edge restraints, stiffness, or internal damping,5.1.2 The acoustical response of the room below,5.1.3 The placement of the object or device producing the impacts, and5.1.4 The nature of the actual impact itself.5.2 This test method is based on the use of a standardized tapping machine of the type specified in 8.1 placed in specific positions on the floor. This machine produces a continuous series of uniform impacts at a uniform rate on a test floor and generates in the receiving room broadband sound pressure levels that are sufficiently high to make measurements possible beneath most floor types even in the presence of background noise. The tapping machine itself, however, is not designed to simulate any one type of impact, such as produced by male or female footsteps.5.3 Because of its portable design, the tapping machine does not simulate the weight of a human walker. Therefore, the structural sounds, i.e., creaks or booms of a floor assembly caused by such footstep excitation is not reflected in the single number impact rating derived from test results obtained by this test method. The degree of correlation between the results of tapping machine tests in the laboratory and the subjective acceptance of floors under typical conditions of domestic impact excitation is uncertain. The correlation will depend on both the type of floor construction and the nature of the impact excitation in the building.5.4 In laboratories designed to satisfy the requirements of this test method, the intent is that only significant path for sound transmission between the rooms is through the test specimen. This is not generally the case in buildings where there are often many other paths for sounds— flanking sound transmission. Consequently sound ratings obtained using this test method do not relate directly to sound isolation in buildings; they represent an upper limit to what would be measured in a field test.5.5 This test method is not intended for field tests. Field tests are performed according to Test Method E1007.1.1 This test method covers the laboratory measurement of impact sound transmission of floor-ceiling assemblies using a standardized tapping machine. It is assumed that the test specimen constitutes the primary sound transmission path into a receiving room located directly below and that a good approximation to a diffuse sound field exists in this room.1.2 Measurements may be conducted on floor-ceiling assemblies of all kinds, including those with floating-floor or suspended ceiling elements, or both, and floor-ceiling assemblies surfaced with any type of floor-surfacing or floor-covering materials.1.3 This test method prescribes a uniform procedure for reporting laboratory test data, that is, the normalized one-third octave band sound pressure levels transmitted by the floor-ceiling assembly due to the tapping machine.1.4 Laboratory Accreditation—The requirements for accrediting a laboratory for performing this test method are given in Annex A2.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车