5.1  Hydrogen is delivered to fuel cell powered automotive vehicles and stationary appliances at pressures up to 87.5 MPa. The quality of hydrogen delivered is a significant factor in maximizing fuel cell efficiency and life span. Contamination can occur during the production of fuel cell feed gases, contaminating storage containers, station tubing, and fuel lines used for fuel delivery. Collection of a representative fuel sample without the introduction of contaminants even as low as parts-per-billion (ppb) per contaminant during collection is crucial for assessing the quality of fuel in real world applications.5.2 This practice is intended for application to high pressure, high purity hydrogen; however, the apparatus design and sampling techniques may be applicable to collection of other fuel cell feed gases. Many of the techniques used in this practice can be applied to lower pressure/lower purity gas streams.1.1 This standard practice describes a sampling procedure of high pressure hydrogen at fueling stations operating at 35 or 70 megapascals (MPa) using a hydrogen quality sampling apparatus (HQSA).1.2 This practice does not include the analysis of the acquired sample. Applicable ASTM standards include but are not limited to test methods referenced in Section 2 of this practice.1.3 This practice is not intended for sampling and measuring particulate matter in high pressure hydrogen. For procedures on sampling and measuring particulate matter see ASTM D7650 and D7651.1.4 The values stated in SI units are standard. The values stated in inch-pounds are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 The test can be used to evaluate the following:5.1.1 Classification or Comparison of Powders—There are several parameters that can be used to classify powders relative to each other, the most useful being the measured shear stresses, cohesion, flow function and angle of internal friction.5.1.2 Sensitivity Analysis—The shear cell can be used to evaluate the relative effects of a range of powder properties and/or environmental parameters such as (but not limited to) humidity, particle size and size distribution, particle shape and shape distribution, moisture content and temperature.5.1.3 Quality Control—The test can, in some circumstances, be used to assess the flow properties of a raw material, intermediate or product against pre-determined acceptance criteria.5.1.4 Storage Vessel Design—Mathematical models exist for the determination of storage vessel design parameters which are based on the flow properties of powders as generated by shear cell testing, requiring shear testing at a range of consolidating stresses as well as the measurement of the wall friction angle with respect to the material of construction of the storage vessel. The methods are detailed in Refs. (1-3).2NOTE 1: The quality of the result produced by this test method is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this test method are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors (4).Practice D3740 was developed for agencies engaged in the testing and/or inspection of soil and rock. As such it is not totally applicable to agencies performing this test method. However, users of this test method should recognize that the framework of Practice D3740 is appropriate for evaluating the quality of an agency performing this practice. Currently there is no known qualifying national authority that inspects agencies that perform this test method.1.1 This method covers the apparatus and procedures for measuring the incipient failure properties of a powder as a function of the normal stress for a given level of consolidation. The method also allows the further determination of the unconfined yield strength, internal friction angles, cohesion, flow function, major principal stress and wall friction angle (with the appropriate wall coupon fitted to the correct accessory).1.2 These parameters are most commonly used for the design of storage hoppers and bins using industry standard calculations and procedures. They can also provide relative classification or comparison of the flow behavior of different powders or different batches of the same powder if similar stress and shear regimes are encountered within the processing equipment.1.3 The apparatus is suitable for measuring the properties of powders with a maximum particle size of 1 mm. It is possible to test powders which have a small proportion of particles of 1 mm or greater, but they should be present in the bulk sample as no more than 5 % of the total mass in samples with a normal (Gaussian) size distribution.1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.1.4.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated, in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design.1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

5.1 In-vitro cell proliferation assays are used to screen the capability of cells to proliferate and self-renew within scaffolds for regenerative medicine and tissue-engineering applications. The cell proliferation in vitro, in conjunction with other characteristics of the cells such as gene expression, can be used to determine if the cells have maintained their properties.5.2 Cell proliferation may be an important parameter to test as a quality attribute of a cell-scaffold construct. This test helps to assess cell colonization within a scaffold.5.3 This method provides a technique for vital assessment and quantification of the fluorescence intensity related to dye metabolism by living and proliferating cells. This method assumes that viable cells will have an active metabolism, which is required to support life-associated cellular processes such as the conversion of nutrient sources into energy and proliferation. There may be cells that are not actively proliferating, yet are still viable within the construct. The methods described within this practice enable nondestructive testing for monitoring the cell proliferation kinetics throughout the culture period by repeated analysis at multiple time points on the same test sample with minimal toxicity. This standard practice is written only for resazurin dye, a non-cytotoxic reagent that should not affect cell viability and proliferation at low concentration. This is a distinct advantage over many other reagents used to measure cell number, such as measurements of the intracellular components (such as DNA, protease, or ATP) which require cell lysis and can therefore only be used for endpoint analysis.5.4 Resazurin, which has low fluorescence, may be metabolized by cells into resorufin, which is highly fluorescent. An increase in fluorescence caused by the conversion to resorufin may correlate with increased dehydrogenase activity, which may correlate with an increase in cell number and therefore proliferation. Plotting the signals measured at multiple time points enables the generation of proliferation curves. It is important to note that metabolic assays are intended to be measurements of intracellular dehydrogenase or reductase enzyme activity produced by cells. The level of enzyme activity may be directly proportional to the number of viable cells within a range of cell number per volume (or per scaffold) identified by a calibration curve. This is because cell metabolism rate may decrease without a loss in cell viability when cells have reached confluency or when they are differentiating. Some cells may be quiescent but still viable. Furthermore, certain cell types have different metabolic activity. In these situations, the relationship between cell metabolism and cell number may not be linear and other assays may be considered.5.5 The method may be applied to planar 2D cell cultures and 3D scaffold cell cultures. This assay is intended for 96, 48, and 24-well plates but could work for other size plates. Size and thickness of cell scaffold construct where the test can be applicable should be tested with control experiments. In Reference (4), a 5 mm thick scaffold in a 24-well plate was used.5.6 The method may also be used to document the absence of cell proliferation in cultures.NOTE 1: The absence or suppression of proliferation under the tested conditions may be a result of lack of reagent/nutrient diffusion through the scaffold. If so, the same result may not be observed if diffusion is improved by, for example, changing from a 96-well plate to other cell culture formats.5.7 The dye is not cell type specific; hence, cell identification cannot be based on this method.5.8 The assay as described herein is not designed to assess cell distribution in scaffolds. It is possible that this could be achieved by sectioning the scaffolds prior to staining and analysis.1.1 This practice describes how to conduct a nondestructive proliferation test for mammalian cells based on metabolic activity that can be used to assess the number of viable cells within three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds for regenerative medicine and in tissue-engineered medical products (TEMPs).1.2 This practice provides a detailed explanation of the resazurin cell metabolic activity method in terms of reagent concentrations, incubation times, cell culture media composition, calibration curve, controls, assay linearity, and limitations of the assay.1.3 This practice describes factors that can interfere with accurate cell proliferation assessment.1.4 Since the assay has washing steps, it is limited to assessing cells that are immobilized, such as by adhesion to a culture dish, adhesion to a scaffold, or encapsulation in a hydrogel.1.5 The assay is limited to cell types that can metabolize resazurin to provide a signal in the assay.1.6 This document does not propose acceptance criteria for a cell-based product based on the application of a cell proliferation test method.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Fixed-cell differential scanning calorimeters are used to determine the transition temperatures and energetics of materials in solution. For this information to be accepted with confidence in an absolute sense, temperature and heat calibration of the apparatus or comparison of the resulting data to that of known standard materials is required.5.2 This practice is useful in calibrating the temperature and heat flow axes of fixed-cell differential scanning calorimeters.1.1 This practice covers the calibration of fixed-cell differential scanning calorimeters over the temperature range from –10 °C to +120 °C.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 Autologous PRP and platelet gels are utilized in a wide range of orthopedic, sports medicine, regenerative medicine, and surgical applications (3-5). PRP and platelet gels are layered, sprayed, injected, molded, or packed, alone or in combination with graft material or TEMPs, into a variety of anatomical sites, tissues, and voids (3, 6). These platelet concentrates can provide an assortment of bioactive molecules, cells, and physical properties that are potentially attractive for promoting healing and other cell therapy applications (7). Unfortunately, the term “platelet-rich plasma” or “PRP,” which is ubiquitous in early and contemporary medical literature related to a variety of platelet concentrates, only unambiguously denotes one critical parameter of a platelet suspension—increased platelet concentration. Without further context, this common description of PRP offers no information about other important physical and cellular aspects of platelet concentrations. As scientific and clinical understanding of PRP and other cellular therapies increases standardization of nomenclature and terminology is critical for defining key properties, standardizing processing parameters and techniques, and developing repeatable assays for quality assurance and scientific evaluation (5, 8-13). This guide outlines basic guidelines to describe key properties of unique PRP and platelet gel formulations in a standardized fashion. Reliable, standardized descriptions can provide valuable context to PRP end users, such as clinicians seeking a PRP or platelet gel with certain biological attributes or scientific investigators seeking to duplicate a published formulation or to correlate a given PRP or platelet gel feature to other biological properties or outcomes.1.1 This guide defines terminology and identifies key fundamental properties of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and PRP-derived platelet gels intended to be used for tissue engineered medical products (TEMPS) or for cell therapy applications. This guide provides a common nomenclature and basis for describing notable properties and processing parameters for PRP and platelet gels that may have utility for manufacturers, researchers, and clinicians. Further discussion is also provided on certain aspects of PRP processing techniques, characterization, and quality assurance and how those considerations may impact key properties. The PRP characteristics outlined in this guide were selected based n a review of contemporary scientific and clinical literature but do not necessarily represent a comprehensive inventory; other significant unidentified properties may exist or be revealed by future scientific evaluation. This guide provides general recommendations for how to identify and cite relevant characteristics of PRP, based on broad utility; however, users of this standard should consult referenced documents for further information on the relative import or significance of any particular PRP characteristic in a particular context.1.2 The scope of this guide is confined to aspects of PRP and platelet gels derived and processed from autologous human peripheral blood. Platelet-rich plasma, as defined within the scope of this standard, may include leukocytes.1.3 The scope of this document is limited to guidance for PRP and platelet gels that are intended to be used for TEMPS or for cell therapy applications. Processing of PRP, other platelet concentrates or other blood components for direct intravenous transfusion is outside the scope of this guide. Apheresis platelets and other platelet concentrates utilized in transfusion medicine are outside the scope of this document. Production of PRP or platelet gels for diagnostic or research applications unrelated to PRP intended for TEMPS or cell therapy is also outside the scope of this guide. Fibrin gels devoid of platelets are also excluded from discussion within this document.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 This guide is relevant to the design of specialized support equipment and tools that are remotely operated, maintained, or viewed through shielding windows, or combinations thereof, or by other remote viewing systems.4.2 Hot cells contain substances and processes that may be extremely hazardous to personnel or the external environment, or both. Process safety and reliability are improved with successful design, installation, and operation of specialized mechanical and support equipment.4.3 Use of this guide in the design of specialized mechanical and support equipment can reduce costs, improve productivity, reduce failed hardware replacement time, and provide a standardized design approach.1.1 Intent: 1.1.1 This guide presents practices and guidelines for the design and implementation of equipment and tools to assist assembly, disassembly, alignment, fastening, maintenance, or general handling of equipment in a hot cell. Operating in a remote hot cell environment significantly increases the difficulty and time required to perform a task compared to completing a similar task directly by hand. Successful specialized support equipment and tools minimize the required effort, reduce risks, and increase operating efficiencies.1.2 Applicability: 1.2.1 This guide may apply to the design of specialized support equipment and tools anywhere it is remotely operated, maintained, and viewed through shielding windows or by other remote viewing systems.1.2.2 Consideration should be given to the need for specialized support equipment and tools early in the design process.1.2.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 Caveats: 1.3.1 This guide is generic in nature and addresses a wide range of remote working configurations. Other acceptable and proven international configurations exist and provide options for engineer and designer consideration. Specific designs are not a substitute for applied engineering skills, proven practices, or experience gained in any specific situation.1.3.2 This guide does not supersede federal or state regulations, or both, or codes applicable to equipment under any conditions.1.3.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

5.1 This guide applies to flexible closed cell insulation tubing and sheet materials manufactured according to Specifications C534 and C1427. This standard is intended to provide a basic guide for installing these types of materials.5.2 Confirm application use temperature is consistent with specified use temperature for material as defined in ASTM Specifications unless otherwise agreed upon with the manufacturer. There are different grades for each of the insulation types referred to in this guide, material and grade installed should be that specified.5.3 This guide is not intended to cover all aspects associated with installation for all applications, consult the National, Commercial Industrial Insulation Standards (MICA Manual) or the specific product manufacturer for recommendations, or both. See ASHRAE Handbook (Fundamentals – Chapter 23) and ASHRAE Handbook (Refrigeration – Chapter 10).1.1 This guide covers recommended installation techniques for flexible closed cell pre-formed insulation in tube or sheet form. This guide is applicable to materials manufactured in accordance with Specification C534 (Elastomeric based insulation) or Specification C1427 (polyolefin based insulation). The materials covered in this guide encompass a service temperature of –297 to 300°F (–183 to 150°C) as indicated in the material specifications referenced above. Many of the recommendations made are specific to below ambient applications only.1.2 The purpose of this guide is to optimize the thermal performance and longevity of installed closed cell flexible insulation systems. By following this guide, the owner, and designer can expect to achieve the energy savings expected and prevention of condensation under the specified design conditions. This document is limited to installation procedures and does not encompass system design.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 Use of HCT Data and Testing Objectives—The laboratory weathering test method (D5744) generates data that can be used to:4.1.1 Determine whether a solid material will produce an acidic, alkaline, or neutral effluent;4.1.2 Identify solutes in the effluent that represent dissolved weathering products formed during a specified period of time, and inform the user of their potential to produce environmental impacts at a mining or metallurgical processing site under proposed operating conditions;4.1.3 Determine the mass of solute release; and4.1.4 Determine the rate at which solutes are released (from the solids into the effluent) under the closely controlled conditions of the test for comparison to other materials.4.1.5 These approaches are based on the existence of detailed mineralogical work and static tests that provide a basis for interpreting HCT results.4.1.6 Detailed mineralogical work might lead a reviewer to suspect either acid neutralization potential (ANP) or acid generation potential (AGP) minerals have questionable availability, which would be a significant factor in interpreting HCT results and decisions concerning test duration.4.2 Interpretation of data generated by the laboratory weathering procedure can be used to address the following objectives:4.2.1 Determine the variation of drainage quality as a function of compositional variations (for example, iron sulfide and calcium plus magnesium carbonate contents) within individual mine rock lithologies;4.2.2 Determine the amount of acid that can be neutralized by the sample while maintaining a drainage pH of ≥6.0 under the conditions of the test;4.2.3 Estimate mine rock weathering rates to aid in predicting the environmental behavior of mine rock; and4.2.4 Determine mine rock weathering rates to aid in experimental design of site-specific kinetic tests.4.3 Interpretation Approaches—Guides A, B, and C are intended as examples of what to consider in developing an approach for determining how reasonable objectives for humidity cells might be structured, and some possible criteria for cooperative management of HCTs involving stakeholders.4.3.1 It is also possible to use an approach to establish a decision point, rather than an end point, to the humidity cell test during the planning stage. Guides A, B, and C are examples of techniques and associated criteria comprising some approaches to help interpret data generated by humidity cell tests. Decision points can be established during the planning stage to allow stakeholders an opportunity to review the results and decide if additional weathering cycles are needed to meet the objectives of the testing.4.3.2 Continuation of the HCT beyond the decision point may or may not provide important information regarding the acceleration or deceleration of oxidation and metal leaching in the material being tested.4.3.3 More detailed leachate information from a longer HCT may be critical information for designing waste management or water treatment facilities as accounted for in an AMP, but an agreed-upon endpoint of test objectives would allow for a decision that advances mine planning and permitting.4.3.4 The laboratory weathering procedure provides conditions conducive to oxidation of solid material constituents and enhances the transport of weathering reaction products contained in the resulting weekly effluent. This is accomplished by controlling the exposure of the solid material sample to such environmental parameters as reaction environment temperature and application rate of water and oxygen.4.3.5 Because efficient removal of reaction products is vital to track mineral dissolution rates during the procedure, laboratory leach volumes are large per unit mass of rock to promote the rinsing of weathering reaction products from the mine rock sample. Interpretation of laboratory kinetic tests by comparison with field tests has shown that more reaction products from mineral dissolution are consistently released per unit weight and unit time in laboratory weathering tests (2). For example, sulfate release rates observed in laboratory tests of metal mine rock have been reported to be three to eight times those for small-scale field test piles of Duluth complex rock (3), and from two to 20 times those for small-scale field test piles of Archean greenstone rock (4). A greater increase is anticipated when laboratory rates are compared with field rates measured from operational waste rock piles.4.4 In some cases, it may be useful to establish criteria for a decision to end the weathering cycles for a particular cell based on HCT results but still continue to maintain the HCT test weathering cycles for a longer duration.4.4.1 In other cases, it might be useful to have duplicate HCTs and use one as a basis for a decision point and subsequent destructive evaluation of reaction products.4.4.1.1 The duplicate cell could be maintained to confirm the basis for the decision and be used to update the AMP and financial guarantee, if necessary.4.4.2 This approach supports a decision concerning mine waste management and planning, including an AMP.4.4.3 This approach does not necessarily resolve the need for accurate prediction of long-term metal leaching and drainage quality, but is recommended as a tool for making decisions on how to conduct testing with the objective of determining how ore and waste will be handled and monitored, and the potential level of risk involved in related decisions for specific sites and materials.4.5 Continuing HCT weathering cycles for an extended period of time may also provide a higher level of certainty.4.6 Depending on the site-specific resources at risk and behavior of waste materials, an extended HCT weathering cycle duration may be an important consideration for stakeholder groups to use in evaluating HCTs.4.7 As a mine typically involves very large quantities of waste rock, which will be leached by at least some amount of incident precipitation for extended times, ongoing monitoring of waste facility performance, including any produced effluent or leachate, is almost always required as a condition of permit approval.4.8 Performance monitoring of permitted facilities can be a critical element in the development of a humidity cell performance database, as well as support for the evolving HCT weathering cycle duration criteria and approach proposed here.4.9 A humidity cell performance database could be developed in a standard format to allow comparison of laboratory weathering results with drainage from field waste facility performance, based on publicly available information.4.9.1 A model approach with possible objectives and criteria are presented below as examples to help interpret HCT results.4.10 Variations in specific approach requirements and criteria (% sulfur, sulfide sulfur, carbonate, pH, sulfate release, etc.) will depend on the site-specific objectives, deposit mineralogy, and characterization, including various static test results and management plans agreed upon by stakeholders.4.10.1 Regardless of the site-specific stakeholder objectives, instability in metal release rates should strongly suggest continuation of weathering cycle testing.4.10.2 Regardless of the decision process followed, the ultimate responsibility for the permitting decision lies with the permitting agency(s), and the ultimate environmental liability and operating responsibility lies with the mining company.4.11 These approaches are suggested as a model to be used by the involved stakeholders for their determination of when it is appropriate to schedule and extend HCT weathering cycles and how to treat the residues.4.12 The specific parameters (sulfur, CaCO3, SO4–2 release rates, metal release rates, etc.) involved will likely vary depending on site-specific factors, which could include the lithology, petrology and mineralogy, climate, regulatory approach, environmental risk for the units, and ore deposit type being evaluated.4.13 The criteria selected for management of the duration of HCTs should rely on a combination of parameters, as any criteria based on a single parameter value like % sulfur will not be reliable (5).4.14 The values in the approaches presented are chosen only as examples, and actual cell management criteria are intended to be reviewed and agreed upon by the stakeholders, on a site-specific basis.4.15 The specific parameters and values selected might vary considerably depending on site-specific factors, which might include environmental risk. It is up to the stakeholders to modify and use this approach to develop objectives which meet the specific requirements at their site and to use their modifications to reach a consensus on test duration.4.16 The following decision criteria (sulfide sulfur quantitative limit, sulfate release rates, pH, and steady state duration) must be developed on a site/project-specific basis based on considerations including site-specific lithology, mineralogy, trace metal characteristics, and potential environmental risks. The values given in the following guides are merely example criteria; it is up to the stakeholders to manage their own criteria.1.1 This kinetic test guide covers interpretation and cooperative management of a standard laboratory weathering procedure, Test Method D5744. The guide suggests strategies for analysis and interpretation of data produced by Test Method D5744 on mining waste rock, metallurgical processing wastes, and ores.1.1.1 Cooperative management of the testing involves agreement of stakeholders in defining the objectives of the testing, analytical requirements, planning the initial estimate of duration of the testing, and discussion of the results at decision points to determine if the testing period needs to be extended and the disposition of the residues.1.2 The humidity cell test (HCT) enhances reaction product transport in the aqueous leach of a solid material sample of specified mass. Standard conditions allow comparison of the relative reactivity of materials during interpretation of results.1.3 The HCT measures rates of weathering product mass release. Soluble weathering products are mobilized by a fixed-volume aqueous leach that is performed and collected weekly. Leachate samples are analyzed for pH, alkalinity/acidity, specific conductance, sulfates, and other selected analytes which may be regulated in the environmental drainage at a particular mining or metallurgical processing site.1.4 This guide covers the interpretation of standard humidity cell tests conducted to obtain results for the following objectives:Guide and Objective Sections     A – Confirmation of Static Testing Results 5 – 6     B – Evaluation of Reactivity and Leachate Quality            for Segregating Mine, Processing Waste, or            Ore 7 – 8     C – Evaluation of Quality of Neutralization            Potential Available to React with Produced            Acid 9 – 10   1.5 This guide is intended to facilitate use of Test Method D5744 to meet kinetic testing regulatory requirements for metallurgical processing products, mining waste rock, and ores sized to pass a 6.3-mm (0.25-in.) Tyler screen.1.5.1 Interpretation of standard humidity cell test results has been found to be useful for segregation of ore and waste and design of proper stockpiling and disposal facilities.1.6 Interlaboratory testing of the standard D5744 humidity cell has been confined to mine waste rock. Application of this guide to metallurgical processing waste (for example, mill process tailings) is not supported by interlaboratory test data. Method B of Test Method D5744, however, has been found useful for testing of metallurgical products, and this guide is also useful for interpretation of those results (1).21.7 This guide is intended to describe various procedures for interpreting the results from standard laboratory weathering of solid materials in accordance with Test Method D5744. It does not describe all types of sampling and analytical requirements that may be associated with its application, nor all procedures for interpretation of results.1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this guide.1.8.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Knowledge of migrants from plastic materials may serve many useful purposes, such as testing for compliance with food additive regulations. The procedure described in this test method is recommended as suitable for obtaining such data on many migrant(s)/plastic(s) combinations.1.1 This test method covers the use of the FDA migration cell in the extraction of components and permits quantitation of individual migrants from plastic materials by suitable extracting liquids, including liquid foods and food-stimulating solvents.1.2 This test method provides a two-sided, liquid extraction test for plastic materials that can be formed into film, sheet, or disks.1.3 This test method has been applied to a variety of migrant/polymer systems in contact with numerous foods and food simulants.2 Though most of the migrants examined were radiolabeled, the use of the FDA cell has been validated for migration studies of unlabeled sytrene from polystyrene.31.4 This test method has been shown to yield reproducible results under the conditions for migration tests requested by the FDA. However, if the data is to be submitted to the FDA, it is suggested that their guidelines be consulted.1.5 Because it employs two-sided extraction, this test method may not be suitable for multi-layered plastics intended for single-sided food contact use.1.6 The size of the FDA migration cell as described may preclude its use in determining total nonvolatile extractives in some cases.NOTE 1: For more information, see Practice D1898, the AOAC Methods of Analysis on Flexible Barrier Materials Exposed for Extraction, and the Guidance for Industry: Preparation of Premarket Submissions for Food Contact Substances: Chemistry Recommendations, December 2007.1.7 Analytical procedures must be available to quantitate the migrant(s) generated by this test method.1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Section 8.NOTE 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this test method.1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This practice covers the procedures used for detection of mycoplasma contamination of cell cultures by growth on agarose medium. This practice does not cover identification of mycoplasma and indirect methods for detection of mycoplasma. This practice will not detect cultivar strains of Mycoplasma hyorhinis nor intended for use in detection of mycoplasma contamination in sera, culture media, vaccines, or other systems. The practice involves DM-1 solid medium preparation, quality control, and mycoplasma isolation.1.1 This practice covers the procedures used for detection of mycoplasma contamination by direct microbiological culture.1.2 This practice does not cover indirect methods for detection of mycoplasma such as DNA staining, biochemical detection, or genetic probes.1.3 This practice does not cover methods for identification of mycoplasma organisms.1.4 This practice will not detect cultivar strains (1) of Mycoplasma hyorhinis.1.5 This practice is not intended for use in detection of mycoplasma contamination in sera, culture media, vaccines, or other systems.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

Mycoplasma hyorhinis, cultivar α strains (1)3 do not grow on any of the standard media used for mycoplasma cultivation. These strains, which are found as contaminants in cell cultures, are detected by indirect methods.A specialized medium has been described but it is not yet in wide use (2).This practice should be used in conjunction with Practice E 1531.All cell cultures to be examined for mycoplasma should undergo a minimum of two passages in antibiototic-free tissue culture medium before testing.1.1 This practice covers the use of cell cultures and DNA-binding flurorochrome techniques to detect mycoplasma contamination of cell cultures.1.2 This practice does not cover axenic cultivation or identification of mycoplasmas.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

Mycoplasma contamination of cell cultures is a common problem that can affect the growth, metabolism, and function of cultured animal cells. The ability to detect mycoplasma in cell cultures provides an opportunity to ensure that cells are free of contamination, and to replace those that are not. For additional information, see Practices E 1531, E 1532, and E 1536. Strict adherence to established, well-tested procedures is necessary. This practice was developed by Task Group E48.01.02 to assist in developing and maintaining an established regimen for mycoplasma detection by indirect 4′-6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole (DAPI) fluorochrome staining.This practice is intended for use in examining cultured animal cells for the presence of mycoplasma contamination.This practice is not intended for use in the detection of mycoplasma contamination in serum, culture media, or systems other than cultures of animal cells.All cell cultures to be examined for mycoplasma should undergo a minimum of two passages in antibiotic-free tissue culture medium before testing.1.1 This practice covers procedures used for the detection of mycoplasma contamination by indirect DNA staining.1.2 This practice does not cover direct methods for the detection of mycoplasma or other indirect methods such as enzymatical detection or DNA probes.1.3 This practice does not cover methods for the identification of mycoplasma organisms.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

5.1 Several physical properties of rigid cellular plastics are dependent on cell size and cell orientation. Measuring water absorption and open-cell content in accordance with Test Method D2842 and Test Method D6226 requires knowledge of surface cell volume, which uses cell size values in the calculations.5.2 This test method provides an apparent cell size because it assumes that there is no measurable edge to edge or top to bottom variation in average cell size and that the cell size distribution about the average cell size is normal. If the analyst is concerned there may be significant variation in either the average cell size or the cell size distribution more detailed analysis may be required.5.3 Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the specification of the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or a combination thereof, covered in the materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no material specifications, then the default conditions apply.FIG. 1 Razor Blade Cell Size Specimen SlicerFIG. 2 Cell Size Scale Slide Assembly1.1 This test method covers the determination of the apparent cell size of rigid cellular plastics by counting the number of cell-wall intersections in a specified distance.1.2 Procedure A requires the preparation of a thin slice, not more than one half the average cell diameter in thickness, that is mechanically stable. For most rigid cellular plastics this limits the test method to materials with an average cell size of at least 0.2 mm.1.3 Procedure B is intended for use with materials whose friable nature makes it difficult to obtain a thin slice for viewing.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: The annex to ISO 2896 is technically equivalent to this test method.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1  Zeolites Y and X, particularly for catalyst and adsorbent applications, are a major article of manufacture and commerce. Catalysts and adsorbents comprising these zeolites in various forms plus binder and other components have likewise become important. Y-based catalysts are used for fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) and hydrocracking of petroleum, while X-based adsorbents are used for desiccation, sulfur compound removal, and air separation.4.2 The unit cell dimension of a freshly synthesized faujasite-type zeolite is a sensitive measure of composition which, among other uses, distinguishes between the two synthetic faujasite-type zeolites, X and Y. The presence of a matrix in a Y-containing catalyst precludes determination of the zeolite framework composition by direct elemental analysis.4.3 Users of the test method should be aware that the correlation between framework composition and unit cell dimension is specific to a given cation form of the zeolite. Steam or thermal treatments, for example, may alter both composition and cation form. The user must therefore determine the correlation that pertains to his zeolite containing samples.3 In addition, one may use the test method solely to determine the unit cell dimension, in which case no correlation is needed.4.4 Other crystalline components may be present in the sample whose diffraction pattern may cause interference with the selected faujasite-structure diffraction peaks. If there is reason to suspect the presence of such components, then a full diffractometer scan should be obtained and analyzed to select faujasite-structure peaks free of interference.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the unit cell dimension of zeolites having the faujasite crystal structure, including synthetic Y and X zeolites, their modifications such as the various cation exchange forms, and the dealuminized, decationated, and ultra stable forms of Y. These zeolites have cubic symmetry with a unit cell parameter usually within the limits of 24.2 and 25.0 Å (2.42 and 2.50 nm).1.2 The samples include zeolite preparation in the various forms, and catalysts and adsorbents containing these zeolites. The zeolite may be present in amounts as low as 5 %, such as in a cracking catalyst.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

2.1 The CHO/HGPRT assay detects forward mutations of the X-linked hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (hgprt) locus (coding for the enzyme, HGPRT) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Cells originally derived from Chinese hamster ovary tissue are exposed to a test article and, following an appropriate cell culture regimen, descendants of the original treated population are monitored for the loss of functional HGPRT, presumably due to mutations. Resistance to a purine analogue, 6-thioguanine (6TG) (or less desirably, 8-azaguanine (8AG)), is employed as the genetic marker. HGPRT catalyzes the conversion of the nontoxic 6TG to its toxic ribophosphorylated derivative. Loss of the enzyme or its activity therefore leads to cells resistant to 6TG.2.2 Because HGPRT is an enzyme of the purine nucleotide salvage pathway, loss of the enzyme is not a lethal event. Different types of mutational events (base substitutions, frameshifts, deletions, some chromosomal type lesions, and so forth) should theoretically be detectable at the hgprt locus. The CHO/HGPRT assay has been used to study a wide range of mutagens, including radiations (2-4), and a wide variety of chemicals (1), and complex chemical mixtures (5).1.1 This guide highlights some of the more relevant biological concepts as they are currently understood, and summarizes the critical technical aspects for acceptable bioassay performances as they currently are perceived and practiced. The Chinese hamster ovary cell/hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (CHO/HGPRT) assay (1) 2 has been widely applied to the toxicological evaluation of industrial and environmental chemicals.1.2 This guide concentrates on the practical aspects of cell culture, mutagenesis procedures, data analysis, quality control, and testing strategy. The suggested approach represents a consensus of the panel members for the performance of the assay. It is to be understood, however, that these are merely general guidelines and are not to be followed without the use of sound scientific judgement. Users of the assay should evaluate their approach based on the properties of the substances to be tested and the questions to be answered.1.3 Deviation from the guidelines based on sound scientific judgement should by no means invalidate the results obtained.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车