定价： 156元 / 折扣价： 133 元 加购物车

定价： 260元 / 折扣价： 221 元 加购物车

定价： 156元 / 折扣价： 133 元 加购物车

定价： 156元 / 折扣价： 133 元 加购物车

定价： 845元 / 折扣价： 719 元 加购物车

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元 加购物车

定价： 1177元 / 折扣价： 1001 元

5.1 This test method assesses the performance of an engine oil with respect to control of piston deposits and maintenance of oil consumption under heavy-duty operating conditions selected to accelerate deposit formation in a turbocharged, intercooled four-stroke-cycle diesel engine equipped with a combustion system that minimizes federally controlled exhaust gas emissions.5.2 The results from this test method may be compared against specification requirements to ascertain acceptance.5.3 The design of the test engine used in this test method is representative of many, but not all, diesel engines. This factor, along with the accelerated operating conditions, needs to be considered when comparing test results against specification requirements.1.1 The test method covers a heavy-duty engine test procedure under high output conditions to evaluate engine oil performance with regard to piston deposit formation, piston ring sticking and oil consumption control in a combustion environment designed to minimize exhaust emissions. This test method is commonly referred to as the Caterpillar C13 Heavy-Duty Engine Oil Test.31.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.2.1 Exceptions—Where there are no SI equivalent such as screw threads, National Pipe Treads (NPT), and tubing sizes.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A1 for general safety precautions.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

定价： 156元 / 折扣价： 133 元 加购物车

4.1 This guide is meant to aid local and regional spill response teams during spill response planning and spill events.1.1 This guide addresses in-situ burning as a response tool for oil spills occurring on waters with ice present.1.2 In-situ burning is one of several methods available to responders for the control or cleanup of spilled oil, which includes mechanical recovery, dispersant application or natural recovery.1.3 The purpose of this guide is to provide the user with general information on in-situ burning in ice conditions as a means of controlling and removing spilled oil. It is intended as a reference to plan an in-situ burn of spilled oil.1.4 This guide outlines procedures and describes some equipment that can be used to accomplish an in-situ burn in ice conditions. The guide includes a description of typical ice situations where in-situ burning of oil has been found to be effective. Other standards address the general guidelines for the use of in-situ burning (Guide F1788), the use of ignition devices (Guide F1990), the use of fire-resistant boom (Guide F2152), the application of in-situ burning in ships (Guide F2533), and the use of in-situ burning in marshes (Guide F2823).1.5 In making in-situ burn decisions, appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific precautionary information is given in Section 8. Guide F1788 addresses operational considerations.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This test procedure provides a method of evaluating the frictional torque and friction factor of hip replacement bearings.5.2 The procedure may be used as a standardized method of measuring friction to investigate the effects of specific test parameters such as hip materials, sizes, designs, radial or diametral clearance, different lubricants, different deformation levels of the acetabular cup, clamping (non-uniform sphericity), damaged/scratched bearings, artificial ageing, misalignments during installation, etc.5.3 Friction torque, and in particular the maximum value, is useful to assess the applicable torques that may compromise fixation, or even risk disassociation of modular components in the acetabular cup or liner/shell assemblies through a lever-out or torsion-out mechanism.5.4 Friction factor is a useful parameter for comparison of materials and designs, and provides insights into the lubrication regime operating in the implant system. Friction factor measurement may also be able to detect acetabular liner deformation (clamping referred to earlier).5.5 The loading and motion of a hip replacement in vivo differ from the loading and the motion defined in this standard. The amount of frictional forces in vivo will, in general, differ from the frictional forces evaluated by this standard test method. The results obtained from this test method cannot be used to directly predict in vivo performance. However, this standard is designed to allow for in-vitro comparisons for different hip designs, when tested under similar conditions.5.6 Although this test method can be used to investigate the many variables listed in 1.2 and 5.2, it does not either provide a method to determine beforehand the combination of these variables that will produce the worst-case couple(s) among a range of sizes; the worst-case testing condition(s) for “normal” or “adverse” conditions; or provide specific methods to deform the acetabular cup, simulate Mode 3 wear conditions (for example, third-body particles, scratched heads), or artificially aged materials. As these methods are not included in the standard and if they are to become the subject of the investigation then it is up to the user to justify the couple(s) selected and method(s) used in the test and, if necessary, provide a rationale for how the “worst-case” couple(s) and method(s) were selected to represent clinically relevant “normal” and “adverse” conditions as part of the report.1.1 This test procedure provides a method of determining the frictional torque and friction factor of artificial hip joint bearings used in total hip replacement (THR) systems under laboratory conditions using a reciprocal friction simulator. This test method specifies the angular movement between the articulating components, the pattern of applied force, and the way data can be measured and analyzed.1.2 Many variables can be investigated using this test method including, but not limited to, the effect of head size, different inclination/version angles, different deformation levels of the acetabular cup, bearing clearances, lubrication, scratched heads, and artificial ageing.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 Intent—This standard practice is intended to establish the minimum requirements for conducting periodic inspections of building facades to identify unsafe conditions that could cause harm to persons and property. It addresses the required content of the facade inspection to convey to the specifying authority the condition of the facade and allow comparisons of facade conditions at other times. Facade Inspection reports conducted and prepared as outlined in this standard practice will provide specifying authorities the information necessary to mitigate the threat of harm, injury, damage, or loss to persons or property from unsafe conditions on subject facades.4.2 Need for Periodic Facade Inspections—Due to age, lack of maintenance, design or construction errors, or a combination of these factors, building facades deteriorate. Based on the knowledge gained about the performance of building facades through investigation and research, governing authorities, owners, and qualified professionals are becoming more aware of potential unsafe conditions on building facades that if unaddressed, can jeopardize public safety and surrounding properties.4.3 Facade Service History—Facades require periodic maintenance and repairs to extend their useful life and to minimize and/or correct problems. As a part of any facade inspection, facade service history shall be reviewed because: (1) it may indicate patterns of leakage or other performance problems leading to concealed damage and an unsafe condition; (2) it may show a poorly conceived or improperly implemented maintenance or repair procedure that can contribute and aggravate unsafe conditions; and (3) it is necessary to distinguish between original construction and subsequent repairs or modifications during the inspection process and help identify the source of potential problems.4.4 Who Shall Perform the Inspection—Facade inspection shall be performed by a qualified inspector familiar with the available service history and the available design documents relevant to the building facade. The qualified inspector shall be capable of assessing both the watertight integrity and exterior conditions of the building facade to evaluate and identify potential unsafe conditions. The qualified professional who seals and signs the report shall also oversee all work of the qualified inspector and the inspection process.4.5 Facades Requiring Inspection—Those facades as determined by the specifying authority that pose a potential threat of harm, injury, damage or loss to persons or property.4.6 Frequency, extent, and the required level of facade inspections are dependent on facade age, material, and construction.4.7 Observed facade deficiencies shall be categorized and documented in Facade Inspection Report as “unsafe condition,” “requires repair/stabilization,” or “ordinary maintenance.”4.8 Limitations—Due to the construction techniques and physical properties of the many materials used in facade construction, and the inherent limitations on detecting concealed facade distress based on limited observation and probes, conducting a facade inspection does not assure that all unsafe conditions will be identified.1.1 This standard practice covers methods and procedures for inspection, evaluation, and reporting for periodic inspection of building facades for unsafe conditions. In the context of this practice, unsafe conditions are hazards caused by or resulting from loss of facade material.1.2 This standard practice does not purport to address the nature of deterioration of various building facade materials nor the performance of their assemblies. It is the responsibility of the owner to retain a qualified professional who can demonstrate expertise in the evaluation of various facade materials and their assemblies.1.3 Investigative techniques discussed may be intrusive, disruptive, or destructive. It is the responsibility of the qualified professional to anticipate, advise on the nature of procedures, and to plan for implementing repair as necessary.1.4 It is the responsibility of the specifying authority to establish the usage of this standard practice and to supplement this practice with additional requirements suitable to its local jurisdiction. It is also the responsibility of the specifying authority to determine compliance with local licensing regulations and customary practices.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Awareness of safety and familiarity with safe procedures are particularly important for above-ground operations on facades and destructive investigative procedures, which typically are associated with the work described.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 1092元 / 折扣价： 929 元

5.1 This test method provides a means of measuring the water retention of flat specimens of rigid thermal insulation as a result of immersion in water and exposure to drying conditions.1.1 This test method determines the amount of water retained (excluding surface water) by flat specimens of rigid thermal insulations after immersion and exposure to drying conditions. This test method is intended to be used for the characterization of materials in the laboratory. It is not intended to simulate any particular environmental condition potentially encountered in building construction applications.1.2 This test method does not address all the possible mechanisms of water intake and retention and related phenomena for rigid thermal insulations. It relates only to those conditions outlined in 1.1. Determination of moisture accumulation in thermal insulations due to partial immersion, water vapor transmission, internal condensation, freeze-thaw cycling, or a combination of these effects requires different test procedures.1.3 This test method does not address or attempt to quantify the drainage characteristics of materials.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems has the potential to result in non-conformance with the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers airworthiness requirements for the design loads and conditions of small airplanes, and is applicable to small airplanes as defined in the F44 terminology standard. The applicant for a design approval must seek individual guidance from their respective civil aviation authority (CAA) body concerning the use of this specification as part of a certification plan.1.1 This specification addresses the airworthiness requirements for the design loads and conditions of small airplanes.1.2 This specification is applicable to small airplanes as defined in the F44 terminology standard. Use of the term airplane is used throughout this specification and will mean “small airplane.”1.3 The applicant for a design approval must seek individual guidance from their respective CAA body concerning the use of this standard as part of a certification plan. For information on which CAA regulatory bodies have accepted this standard (in whole or in part) as a means of compliance to their Small Airplane Airworthiness Rules (hereinafter referred to as “the Rules”), refer to ASTM F44 webpage (www.ASTM.org/COMMITTEE/F44.htm) which includes CAA website links.1.4 Units—Currently there is a mix of SI and Imperial units. In many locations, SI units have been included otherwise units are as they appear in Amendment 62 of 14 CFR Part 23. In a future revision values will be consistently stated in SI units followed by Imperial units in square brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车