4.1 This guide describes the requirements for igniting oil for the purpose of in-situ burning. It is intended to aid decision-makers and spill-responders in contingency planning, spill response, and training, and to aid manufacturers in developing effective ignition devices.4.2 This guide describes criteria for the design and selection of ignition devices for in-situ burning applications.4.3 This guide is not intended as a detailed operational manual for the ignition and burning of spilled oil.1.1 This guide relates to the use of in-situ burning of spilled oil. The focus of the guide is in-situ burning of oil on water, but the ignition techniques and devices described in the guide are generally applicable to in-situ burning of oil spilled on land as well.1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide information that will enable oil-spill responders to select the appropriate techniques and devices to successfully ignite oil spilled on water.1.3 This guide is one of four related to in-situ burning of oil spills. Guide F1788 addresses environmental and operational considerations. Guide F2152 addresses fire-resistant booms, and Guide F2230 addresses burning in ice conditions.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. In particular, the storage, transport, and use of ignition devices may be subject to regulations that will vary according to the jurisdiction. While guidance of a general nature is provided herein, users of this guide should determine regulations that apply to their situation.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Because there are surface tension or kinematic viscosity differences, or both, between the primary standard (7.4) and kinematic viscosity standards (7.5), special procedures using master viscometers are required to “step-up” from the kinematic viscosity of the primary standard to the kinematic viscosities of oil standards.5.2 Using master viscometers calibrated according to this practice, an operator can calibrate kinematic viscometers in accordance with Specifications D446.5.3 Using viscosity oil standards established in this practice, an operator can calibrate kinematic viscometers in accordance with Specifications D446.1.1 This practice covers the calibration of master viscometers and viscosity oil standards, both of which may be used to calibrate routine viscometers as described in Test Method D445 and Specifications D446 over the temperature range from 15 °C to 100 °C.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.2.1 The SI-based units for calibration constants and kinematic viscosities are mm2/s2 and mm 2/s, respectively.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 702元 / 折扣价： 597 元 加购物车

1.1 This guide covers recommendations for the use of chemical dispersants to assist in the control of oil spills. This guide is written with the goal of minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills; this goal is the basis upon which recommendations are made. Aesthetic and socioeconomic factors are not considered, although these and other factors are often important in spill response. 1.2 Each on-scene coordinator has available several means of control or cleanup of spilled oil. In this guide, use of chemical dispersants is not to be considered as a last report after other methods have failed. Chemical dispersants are to be given equal consideration with other spill countermeasures. 1.3 This is a general guide only assuming the oil to be dispersable and the dispersant to be effective, available, applied correctly and in compliance with relevant government regulations. Oil, as used in this guide, includes crude oils and fuel oils (No. 1 through No. 6). Differences between individual dispersants or between different oils or products are not considered. 1.4 This guide covers one type of habitat, gravel or cobble beaches. Other guides, similar to this one, cover habitats such as rocky shores, marshes. The use of dispersants is considered primarily to protect such habitats from impact (or minimize impacts) and also to clean them after the spill takes place. 1.5 This guide applies to marine and estuarine environments, but not to freshwater environments. 1.6 In making dispersant-use decisions, appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

5.1 Excessive amounts of sodium can indicate the presence of materials that cause high wear of burner pumps and valves, and contribute to deposits of boiler heating surfaces.1.1 This test method covers the determination of sodium in residual fuel oil by means of a flame photometer. Its precision in low ranges limits its application to samples containing more than 15 mg/kg sodium. Other elements commonly found in residual fuel oil do not interfere.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see 7.3, 7.5, 7.7, 9.2, 7.8, 7.9, and Note 3.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 Horizontal metal surfaces, on which water droplets tend to be retained, are more prone to rusting and corrosion than vertical or sloping surfaces. This test method is therefore more discriminating than Test Method D665 (Procedure A), since it gives a separate evaluation of the oil on a horizontal and a vertical surface. The test method indicates the ability of oils to prevent rusting and corrosion of all ferrous surfaces in steam turbines under full flow and quasi-static conditions. It is used for specification of new oils.1.1 This test method covers the ability of steam-turbine oils to prevent the rusting of horizontal and vertical ferrous surfaces when water becomes mixed with the oil.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1. Scope 1.1 This Standard specifies the requirements for mineral oil of petroleum origin for use in transformers, oil circuit breakers, or other electrical equipment (excluding high-voltage cables) requiring a liquid insulating and cooling medium.

定价： 455元 / 折扣价： 387 元

5.1 Boom sections are frequently combined into assemblages hundreds of meters in length prior to towing through the water to a spill site. The friction of moving long boom assemblages through the water can impose high tensile stresses on boom segments near the tow vessel.5.2 Tensile forces are also set up in a boom when it is being towed in a sweeping mode. The magnitude of this tensile force can be related to the immersed depth of the boom, the length of boom involved, the width of the bight formed by the two towing vessels, and the speed of movement.NOTE 1: When the towing speed exceeds about 1 knot (0.5 m/s), substantial oil will be lost under the boom.5.3 Knowledge of maximum and allowable working tensile stresses will help in the selection of boom for a given application and will permit specification of safe towing and anchoring conditions for any given boom.1.1 These test methods cover static laboratory tests of the strength of oil spill response boom under tensile loading.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 7.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This guide covers design criteria, requirements, material characteristics, and essential features for oil spill dispersant application systems, it covers spray systems employing booms and nozzles for use on boats or ships and helicopters or airplane. The equipment description, equipment minimum performance specification, and equipment design are presented in details. Materials on ship or boat systems should be corrosion-resistant to salt water. All materials that come into contact with dispersants should be compatible with that dispersant.1.1 This guide covers design criteria, requirements, material characteristics, and essential features for oil spill dispersant application systems. This guide is not intended to be restrictive to a specific configuration.1.2 This guide covers spray systems employing booms and nozzles and is not fully applicable to other systems such as fire monitors, sonic distributors, or fan-spray guns.1.3 This guide covers systems for use on ships, boats, helicopters, or airplanes.1.4 This guide is one of several related to dispersant application systems using booms and nozzles. One is on design, one on calibration, one on deposition measurements, and one on the use of the systems. Familiarity with all four guides is recommended.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 This guide describes a methodology for estimating the effectiveness of an in-situ burn. It is intended to aid decision-makers and spill-responders in contingency planning, spill response, and training.4.2 This guide is not intended as a detailed operational manual for the ignition and burning of oil slicks. The guide does not cover the feasibility of an in-situ burn, or the evaluation of airborne emissions from a burn.4.3 It is generally accepted that a precise determination of the burn effectiveness will not be possible. However, the methodology presented in this guide can be used to provide a consistent and reasonable estimate.4.4 Burn effectiveness can be reported as total volume burned or burn efficiency (that is, volume burned of that available), or both.1.1 This guide relates to the use of in-situ burning of oil spills. The focus of the guide is in-situ burning of spills on water, but the techniques described in the guide are generally applicable to in-situ burning of land spills as well.1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide information that will enable spill responders to estimate the volume of oil consumed in an in-situ burn.1.3 This guide is one of several related to in-situ burning. Other standards cover specifications for fire-containment booms and the environmental and operational considerations for burning.1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4.1 Exception—Table 1, Table 2 and Fig. 2 provide inch-pound units for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers the material, dimensions, and construction of 5 and 10-gal (20 and 40-L) tanks purchased to store and dispense lubricating oils. The tanks are industrial safety cans mounted on a T-bar bracket, complete with drip tray. Internal air pressure test shall be performed on the tank to meet the requirements prescribed. There should be no visible seam leakage when subjected to underwater or soap bubble test.1.1 This specification covers the material, dimensions, and construction of 5 and 10-gal (20 and 40-L) tanks purchased to store and dispense lubricating oils. The tanks are industrial safety cans mounted on a T-bar bracket, complete with drip tray.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

Moisture has an adverse effect on the dielectric strength, dielectric loss, dc resistivity, and aging characteristics of oil-impregnated cellulosic insulating materials.When cellulosic insulation such as paper and pressboard are impregnated with and immersed in oil, there is an interchange of moisture between the cellulose and oil until they attain equilibrium with respect to their relative saturations with moisture.Considerable care should be taken in using these test methods to measure the water content of dry (<0.5 %) paper and board. Contamination of material by water from the surroundings during sampling and handling may be both rapid and significant in the case of dry test specimens. This is an even greater concern with cellulose insulation prior to oil impregnation.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the weight percent of water in new or aged, oil-impregnated electrical insulation. These test methods depend on solvent extraction of the water at room temperature. The range from 0.1 to 7.0% water has been explored.1.2 There are four test methods, A, B, C, and D. Methods A and B for thin paper and dense materials, respectively, are manual methods for solvent extraction of water from the specimens. Titration is used to determine the amount of water. Method C uses automatic titration to determine the amount of water. Method D is a direct automated method for extraction and detection of the water.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

5.1 Oil and oil-immersed electrical insulation materials may decompose under the influence of thermal and electrical stresses, and in doing so, generate gaseous decomposition products of varying composition which dissolve in the oil. The nature and amount of the individual component gases that may be recovered and analyzed may be indicative of the type and degree of the abnormality responsible for the gas generation. The rate of gas generation and changes in concentration of specific gases over time are also used to evaluate the condition of the electric apparatus.NOTE 1: Guidelines for the interpretation of gas-in-oil data are given in IEEE C57.104.1.1 This test method covers three procedures for extraction and measurement of gases dissolved in electrical insulating oil having a viscosity of 20 cSt (100 SUS) or less at 40°C (104°F), and the identification and determination of the individual component gases extracted. Other methods have been used to perform this analysis.1.2 The individual component gases that may be identified and determined include:  Hydrogen—H2  Oxygen—O2  Nitrogen—N2  Carbon monoxide—CO  Carbon dioxide—CO2  Methane—CH4  Ethane—C2H6  Ethylene—C2H4  Acetylene—C2H2  Propane—C3H8  Propylene—C3H61.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements see 6.1.8, 30.2.2 and 30.3.1.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

This specification covers the construction, operation, and safety requirements for a shipboard oil pollution abatement system (OPAS) that processes oily waste and allows selective suction from all oily waste holding tanks, waste oil, dirty oil, and drain tanks and the bilges of all oily water generating spaces for operation within the U.S. Contiguous Zone as excepted by local regulatory authorities. This specification covers the entire system from the point of entering the system until the oil-water mixture is treated and discharged overboard. It includes minimizing oily waste generation, the oily waste holding tank, the oil-water separation device, the control system, feed and recirculation pump(s), a secondary treatment device, and an automatic stopping device.1.1 This specification covers the design, manufacture, installation, performance, and operation of a shipboard oil pollution abatement system (OPAS) that collects, transfers, and processes all the oily waste generated from incidental operation of machinery spaces. This specification applies to commercial and public vessels and is intended for use by designers, manufacturers, purchasers, installers, and operators of shipboard OPAS to determine the requirements for system design, equipment manufacture, equipment purchase, system integration and installation, and system in-service operation. This specification and its supplementary sections may be tailored to meet the specific user’s needs to cover from OPAS new construction to retrofitting of individual OPAS equipment.1.2 OPAS is comprised of drain tanks, bilge suctions, transfer pumps, Oily Bilge Water Holding Tanks, Oil Residue (sludge) Tanks, 15 ppm Bilge Separator systems, 15 ppm Bilge Alarm, automatic stopping device, and deck connections. The 15 ppm Bilge Separator is considered to be applicable for use to separate oily bilge water and ballast water from fuel oil tanks. Treatment of ballast water is addressed in other regulations/standards and is not addressed herein.1.3 This specification covers the system from the point of entering the OPAS until the oil-water mixture is treated, the clean water meeting the applicable discharge limits is discharged overboard, and the separated oil is contained for on shore disposal or further treatment. It also includes concepts for minimizing oily waste generation. This specification is intended to augment the existing regulations, provide the user options to meet their specific needs, and should not be considered a replacement for overriding regulation.1.4 It is recognized that the development and testing of high capacity separating equipment designed for dealing with effluent from cargo tanks on tankers pose special problems and such equipment is not required to be tested under International Maritime Organization (IMO) Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) resolution MEPC.107 (49) nor is it covered in this specification1.5 There are means to reduce the volume of bilge or process oily waste, or both, that are not considered 15 ppm Bilge Separators systems. Examples include incinerators, evaporators, combinations thereof, and other technologies. Such processes may require addressing all potential issues with the system such as toxicology and emissions to atmosphere. Such means or processes, or both, are out of scope of this specification.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

4.1 Use of this practice will improve management and control of metal removal fluids. The proper management and use will reduce dermal and other occupational hazards associated with these fluids.4.1.1 Guide E2148 covers information on how to use documents related to health and safety of metalworking and metal removal fluids, including this document. Documents referenced in Guide E2148 are grouped as applicable to producers, to users, or to all.4.1.2 Practices E2693 and E2889 augment the information provided in this practice by providing information on prevention of dermatitis and on approaches to reducing exposures to different types of metal removal fluid related aerosols.1.1 This practice sets forth guidelines for the selection and safe use of metal removal fluids, additives, and antimicrobials. This includes product selection, storage, dispensing, and maintenance.1.2 Water-miscible metal removal fluids are typically used at high dilution, and dilution rates vary widely. Additionally, there is potential for exposure to undiluted metal removal fluid as manufactured, as well as metal removal fluid additives and antimicrobials.1.3 Straight oils generally consist of a severely solvent-refined or hydro-treated petroleum oil, a synthetic oil, or other oils of animal or vegetable origin, including oils that are modified for performance characteristics (for example, esterified rapeseed oil, and so forth). Straight oils are not intended to be diluted with water prior to use. Additives are often included in straight oil formulations.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 The test method is designed to predict the deposit-forming tendencies of engine oil in the piston ring belt and upper piston crown area. Correlation has been shown between the TEOST MHT procedure and the TU3MH Peugeot engine test in deposit formation. Such deposits formed in the ring-belt area of a reciprocating engine piston can cause problems with engine operation and longevity. It is one of the required test methods in Specification D4485 to define API Category-Identified engine oils.61.1 This test method covers the procedure to determine the mass of deposit formed on a specially constructed test rod exposed to repetitive passage of 8.5 g of engine oil over the rod in a thin film under oxidative and catalytic conditions at 285 °C. The range of applicability of the Moderately High Temperature Thermo-Oxidation Engine Test (TEOST MHT2) test method as derived from an interlaboratory study is approximately 10 mg to 100 mg. However, experience indicates that deposit values from 1 mg to 150 mg or greater may be obtained.1.2 This test method uses a patented instrument, method and patented, numbered, and registered depositor rods traceable to the manufacturer3 and made specifically for the practice and precision of the test method.41.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.3.1 Although not an SI unit, the special name liter (L) is allowed by SI for the cubic decimeter (dm3) and the milliliter (mL) for the SI cubic centimeter (cm3). Likewise, the special name millimeter (mm) is allowed by SI as a measurement of length.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车