1.1 This standard provides a compilation of terminology in the standards under the jurisdiction of Committee D-20 on Plastics.1.2 It is the purpose of this standard to provide a single source for terms and their definitions that have been standardized by the consensus process within Committee D-20 on Plastics. It is not the purpose of this standard to provide a medium for standardizing terms and definitions.

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This practice covers the standard acceptance criteria for the determination of surface texture, surface roughness, and surface discontinuities of steel castings by visual examination. The acceptance levels utilize the Steel Castings Research and Trade Association (SCRATA) graded reference comparators described as follows: Level A for surface texture, Level B for nonmetallic inclusions, Level C for gas porosity, Level D for solidification discontinuities, Level E for sand expansion discontinuities, Level F for metal inserts, Level G for thermally cut surfaces, Level H for mechanically prepared surfaces, and Level J for welded surfaces.1.1 This practice covers the acceptance criteria for the surface inspection of steel castings by visual examination. Four levels of acceptance standards are provided.1.2 Acceptance levels utilize Steel Castings Research and Trade Association (SCRATA)2 graded reference comparators for the visual determination of surface texture, surface roughness, and surface discontinuities described as follows:Acceptance levelsA – Surface TextureB – Nonmetallic InclusionsC – Gas PorosityD – Solidification DiscontinuitiesE – Sand Expansion DiscontinuitiesF – Metal InsertsG – Thermally Cut SurfacesH – Mechanically Prepared SurfacesJ – Welded Surfaces1.3 Descriptions of terms related to casting discontinuities are in Section 2.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This test method covers a procedure for calibrating a mass spectrometer-type helium leak detector with a series of commercially available calibrated leaks without need for recourse to a primary standard.1.2 Leak detector parameters determined by this test method include:1.2.1 Minimum detectable signal, drift noise (8.5, with recorder; 8.6, without recorder),1.2.2 Response time,1.2.3 Minimum detectable leak rate, and1.2.4 Sensitivity.1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

3.1 This practice provides designers/engineers of amusement rides and devices not addressed in the other ASTM Committee F24 standards with design references and criteria to use in design development.1.1 This practice establishes information and procedures for the design of amusement rides and devices and major modifications to amusement rides and devices which the designer/engineer identifies as outside the purview of other ASTM F24 design standards.1.1.1 Prior to designating an amusement ride or device as outside the purview of other ASTM F24 standards and subject to Practice F1159-16, the designer/engineer shall perform a review of all standards under the jurisdiction of the ASTM Committee F24 addressing amusement ride and device design and determine that Practice F1159-16 is appropriate and more applicable to the amusement ride or device than other ASTM Committee F24 practices addressing amusement ride and device design.1.1.2 In making such a determination, the designer/engineer shall consider the following:1.1.2.1 The general nature of the amusement ride or device;1.1.2.2 The absence of relevant specific requirements or features addressed by other ASTM Committee F24 practices.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 Wavenumber calibration is an important part of Raman analysis. The calibration of a Raman spectrometer is performed or checked frequently in the course of normal operation and even more often when working at high resolution. To date, the most common source of wavenumber values is either emission lines from low-pressure discharge lamps (for example, mercury, argon, or neon) or from the non-lasing plasma lines of the laser. There are several good compilations of these well-established values (1-8).3 The disadvantages of using emission lines are that it can be difficult to align lamps properly in the sample position and the laser wavelength must be known accurately. With argon, krypton, and other ion lasers commonly used for Raman the latter is not a problem because lasing wavelengths are well known. With the advent of diode lasers and other wavelength-tunable lasers, it is now often the case that the exact laser wavelength is not known and may be difficult or time-consuming to determine. In these situations it is more convenient to use samples of known relative wavenumber shift for calibration. Unfortunately, accurate wavenumber shifts have been established for only a few chemicals. This guide provides the Raman spectroscopist with average shift values determined in seven laboratories for seven pure compounds and one liquid mixture.1.1 This guide covers Raman shift values for common liquid and solid chemicals that can be used for wavenumber calibration of Raman spectrometers. The guide does not include procedures for calibrating Raman instruments. Instead, this guide provides reliable Raman shift values that can be used as a complement to low-pressure arc lamp emission lines which have been established with a high degree of accuracy and precision.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 Some of the chemicals specified in this guide may be hazardous. It is the responsibility of the user of this guide to consult material safety data sheets and other pertinent information to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to their use.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

5.1 Magnetic resonance imaging is ideally suited to image MOM hip arthroplasty due to its superior soft tissue contrast, multiplanar capabilities and lack of ionizing radiation. MR imaging is the most accurate imaging modality for the assessment of peri-prosthetic osteolysis and wear-induced synovitis (19, 20).5.2 Before scanning a patient with a specific implant, the MR practitioner shall confirm that the device is MR Conditional and that the scan protocol to be used satisfies the conditions for safe scanning for the specific implant.5.3 This guide can be used to identify the following adverse events.5.3.1 Osteolysis—Magnetic resonance imaging is superior to conventional radiographs and computer tomography (CT) in the assessment of peri-prosthetic osteolysis and has been shown to be the most accurate method to locate and quantify the extent of peri-prosthetic osteolysis (19, 21). On MR imaging, osteolysis appears as well marginated intraosseous intermediate to slightly increased signal intensity lesions that contrast with the high signal intensity of the intramedullary fat. A characteristic line of low signal intensity surrounds the area of focal marrow replacement, distinguishing the appearance of osteolysis from tumoral replacement of bone or infection (22).FIG. 4 Coronal (left) and Axial (right) FSE Images of a Left MOM Hip ArthroplastyNOTE 1: There is focal osteolysis (white arrows) in the greater trochanter, which manifests as well-demarcated intermediate signal intensity, similar to that of skeletal muscle, replacing the normal high signal intensity fatty marrow. Images courtesy of Dr. Hollis Potter.5.3.2 Component Loosening—While the data are preliminary, MR imaging can identify circumferential bone resorption that may indicate component loosening. Loosening may result from osteolysis, circumferential fibrous membrane formation or poor osseous integration of a non-cemented component. On MR imaging, component loosening typically manifests as circumferential increased signal intensity at the metallic-bone or cement-bone interface on fat-suppressed techniques (20). The finding of circumferential fibrous membrane formation or osteolysis also indicates potential loosening; this is in contrast to a well-fixed component, with high signal intensity fatty marrow directly opposed to the implant interface.5.3.3 Wear-Induced Synovitis—Magnetic resonance imaging is the most useful imaging modality to assess the intracapsular burden of wear-induced synovitis surrounding MOM arthroplasty (23). Preliminary data indicate that the signal characteristics of the synovial response on MR imaging correlate with the type of wear-induced synovitis demonstrated on histology at revision surgery (24). Low signal intensity debris is suggestive of metallic debris on histology. Mixed intermediate and low signal debris correlate with the presence of mixed polymeric (polyethylene and/or polymethyl methacrylate) and metallic debris at histology. Magnetic resonance imaging can demonstrate decompression of synovitis or fluid into adjacent bursae, such as the iliopsoas or trochanteric bursa, which can present as soft tissue masses or with secondary nerve compression. On occasion, wear-induced synovitis can result in a chronic indolent pattern of erosion of the surrounding bone, even in the absence of focal osteolytic lesions (6).FIG. 5 Axial (left) and Coronal (right) FSE Images of a Left MOM Hip ArthroplastyNOTE 1: Wear-induced synovitis decompresses into the abductor musculature where there is low signal intensity debris (arrow), consistent with metallic debris. Images courtesy of Dr. Hollis Potter.5.3.4 Infection—In the setting of infection, the synovium often demonstrates a hyperintense, lamellated appearance with adjacent extracapsular soft tissue edema. These appearances help to distinguish the synovial pattern of infection from wear-induced synovitis, although aspiration is still required for definitive diagnosis (22). The presence of a soft tissue collection, draining sinus or osteomyelitis further supports the diagnosis of infection on MR imaging.FIG. 6 Axial FSE (left) and Inversion Recovery (right) Images of a Right MOM Hip AthroplastyNOTE 1: There is a lamellated synovitis (black arrow) with adjacent extracapsular soft tissue edema (white arrow). Infection was confirmed at subsequent aspiration. Images courtesy of Dr. Hollis Potter.5.3.5 Adverse Local Tissue Response—Adverse local tissue reactions can manifest as synovitis, bursitis, osteolysis and cystic or solid masses adjacent to the arthroplasty, which may be termed pseudotumors (19, 20). ALTR can also include the histopathologic feature of aseptic lymphocytic vasculitis-associated lesions (ALVAL), which can be confirmed at histology. A relatively common appearance of joints with ALVAL is expansion of the capsule with homogenous high signal fluid interspersed with intermediate signal intensity foci. More recent studies suggest that maximum synovial thickness and the presence of more solid synovial deposits highly correlate with tissue damage at revision surgery and necrosis at histologic inspection (15).FIG. 7 Axial FSE Image in a Right MOM Hip ArthroplastyNOTE 1: Fig. 7 demonstrates a large collection of fluid in the trochanteric bursa (arrow), which communicates with the hip joint via a dehiscence in the posterior pseudocapsule (not shown in these images). The fluid is high signal with fine intermediate signal intensity debris. A high ALVAL score was confirmed on histology at revision surgery. Images courtesy of Dr. Hollis Potter.FIG. 8 Axial FSE Image in a Right MOM Hip Resurfacing ArthroplastyNOTE 1: Fig. 8 demonstrates expansion of the pseudocapsule with fluid signal intensity decompressing into the trochanteric bursa. The pseudocapsule is thickened and of intermediate signal intensity (black arrows). There is additional solid extracapsular disease anteriorly (white arrow). At revision surgery, a mixed picture of ALVAL and metallosis was seen.5.3.6 Modular Taper Associated ALTR—MRI can accurately describe ALTR attributed to tribocorrosion in modular femoral neck total hip arthroplasty. MRI characteristics, particularly maximal synovial thickness and synovitis volume, can predict histologic severity (22, 23). In addition, intra-capsular ALTR around either resurfacing MOM arthroplasty or around the trunnion in MOM THA may be obscured if 3D-MSI techniques are not utilized due to the susceptibility artifact. High-bandwidth FSE or FSE with view-angle tilt are not sufficient.NOTE 1: Modular taper ALTR may occur in non-metal-on-metal implants as well as in metal-on-metal arthroplasty.1.1 This guide describes the recommended protocol for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of patients implanted with metal-on-metal (MOM) devices to determine if the periprosthetic tissues are likely to be associated with an adverse local tissue reaction (ALTR). Before scanning a patient with a specific implant, the MR practitioner shall confirm that the device is MR Conditional and that the scan protocol to be used satisfies the conditions for safe scanning for the specific implant. This guide assumes that the MRI protocol will be applied to MOM devices while they are implanted inside the body. It is also expected that standardized MRI safety measures will be followed during the performance of this scan protocol.1.2 This guide covers the clinical evaluation of the tissues surrounding MOM hip replacement devices in patients using MRI. This guide is applicable to both total and resurfacing MOM hip systems.1.3 The protocol contained in this guide applies to whole body magnetic resonance equipment, as defined in section 201.3.239 of IEC 60601-2-33, Ed. 3.2, with a whole body radiofrequency (RF) transmit coil as defined in section 201.3.240. The RF coil should have circulary polarized RF excitation (also commonly referred to as quadrature excitation) as defined in section 201.3.249 of IEC 60601-2-33, Ed. 3.2..1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. The user may consider all precautions and warnings provided in the MR system and hip implant labeling prior to determining the applicability of these protocols.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This standard is to be used by those concerned with the development of fire-test-response standards.4.2 The resultant fire-test-response standards are intended to be useful in one or more of the following areas, among others: product development, quality control, product comparisons, screening, information to be used as part of a fire hazard or a fire risk assessment, and regulatory purposes.4.3 This practice is intended to be useful to users and developers of fire-test-response standards (Section 5) because it provides much of the general rationale for the development and use of such standards.4.4 This practice is not intended to provide guidance for the preparation of fire hazard assessment standards or fire risk assessment standards.4.5 This practice is not intended to provide guidance for the preparation of standards not related to fire-test responses of materials, products or assemblies.1.1 This practice is a supplement to Form and Style for ASTM Standards,2 which shall be consulted in writing all ASTM standards.1.2 This practice contains, directly or by reference, all of the information required to comply with the policy on fire standards and the additional guidelines recommended by Committee E05.1.3 This practice, intended to assist ASTM Committees, establishes guidelines and criteria for the preparation of fire-test-response standards (that is, standards for response to heat or flame under prescribed conditions).1.4 This fire standard cannot be used to provide quantitative measures.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This is a text searchable PDF.

定价： 728元 / 折扣价： 619 元

This guide has been developed to aid naval architects, ship designers, material and equipment suppliers, buyers, ship owners and operators, and government agencies by providing pertinent information in one document that can be used during various stages of commercial shipbuilding. These stages include design, planning, purchasing, material fabricating, assembling, testing, quality assurance, and inspection.This guide is a non-technical document, meaning that it does not specify how a particular standard is to be implemented by any person or agency. Local or national regulatory agencies having jurisdiction and oversight of ship design and operations may incorporate all or part of any particular standard in their regulations.There may be more than one standard listed for a particular product, test, or specific application. However, this guide does not compare the different standards or specify which particular standard should be used.A partial list of sources for obtaining various standards is included below. Other sources may be located by contacting various information centers such as those at ASTM, the National Institute for Standards and Technology (Codes Standards and Information), and the American National Standards Institute. Information is also available through various sites on the Internet World Wide Web (for example, http://www.webplus.netnssn). When ordering, organizations should consider obtaining the latest copies of standards as complete sets or portions of sets in whatever media are appropriate (for example, hard copy, CD-ROM, or microform) since purchasing, quality assurance, and engineering departments are frequently looking for information about standards called out in contract specifications, and these standards vary from one contract to another. The abbreviations used in Table 1 are defined in here in this paragraph. Some of the sources for ordering standards are:AbstractThis guide is a listing of relevant publications, standards, and other information related to commercial shipbuilding. This guide has been developed to aid naval architects, ship designers, material and equipment suppliers, buyers, ship owners and operators, and government agencies by providing pertinent information in one document that can be used during various stages of commercial shipbuilding. These stages include design, planning, purchasing, material fabricating, assembling, testing, quality assurance, and inspection. This guide does not specify the use of a particular standard usage nor does it detail what the standard covers, and does not compare the different standards or specify which particular standard should be used for a particular product, test, or specific application. A partial list of sources for obtaining various standards is included.1.1 This guide is a compendium of relevant publications, standards, and other information related to commercial shipbuilding.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

定价： 1092元 / 折扣价： 929 元

3.1 The purpose of this standard is to provide uniform terminology used in the development of methods and standards relating to ASTM Committee E64 on Stormwater Control Measures (SCMs).1.1 These definitions apply to many terms found in the standards of ASTM Committee E64.1.2 This terminology standard defines terms related to stormwater control measures in the various sections of standards under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E64.1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard, except for methods to establish and report sediment concentration and particle size. It is convention to exclusively describe sediment concentration in mg/L and particle size in mm or μm, both of which are SI units. The SI units given in parentheses are mathematical conversions, which are provided for information purposes only and are not considered standard. Reporting of test results in units other than inch-pound units shall not be regarded as non-conformance with this test method.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers laboratory weights and precision mass standards including their principal physical characteristics and metrological requirements. Maximum permissible error, magnetic property, density, and surface roughness for each weight shall be within the limits indicated in this specification. Physical characteristics shall be based on construction, design, surface area, materials, magnetism, density, surface finish, weight adjustment, and marking.1.1 This specification covers weights and mass standards used in laboratories, specifically classes 000, 00, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. This specification replaces National Bureau of Standards Circular 547, Section 1, which is out of print.1.2 This specification and calibration method is intended for use by weight manufacturers, national metrology institutes, weight calibration laboratories, accreditation bodies, users of weights, and regulatory bodies.1.3 This specification contains the principal physical characteristics and metrological requirements for weights that are used.1.3.1 For the verification of weighing instruments;1.3.2 For the calibration of weights of a lower class of accuracy; and1.3.3 With weighing instruments.1.4 Maximum Permissible Errors (formerly tolerances) and design restrictions for each class are described in order that both individual weights or sets of weights can be chosen for appropriate applications.1.5 Weight manufacturers must be able to provide evidence that all new weights comply with specifications in this standard (for example, material, density, magnetism, surface finish, mass values, uncertainties) to make any claim of compliance to Specification E617, Maximum Permissible Errors, weight classes, or metrological traceability.1.5.1 During subsequent calibrations, calibration laboratories must meet the requirements of ISO/IEC 17025:2017.1.5.2 Subsequent calibrations must meet all the requirements, including Sections 7, 8, and 9, Table 8 and Table 11 (environmental parameters) to make any claim of compliance to Specification E617, Maximum Permissible Errors, weight classes, or metrological traceability.NOTE 1: Requirements set forth in NIST IR 6969 and NIST IR 5672 are compliant with all the requirements of Specification E617, Sections 7, 8, and 9.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

4.1 The laboratory preparation of liquid blends of known composition is required to provide analytical standards for the calibration of chromatographic and other types of analytical instrumentation.1.1 This practice covers a laboratory procedure for the preparation of small volumes of multicomponent liquid blends for use as analytical standards.1.2 This practice is applicable to components that are normally liquids at ambient temperature and pressure, or solids that will form a solution when blended with liquids. Butanes can be included if precaution is used in blending them.1.3 This practice is limited to those components that fulfill the following conditions:1.3.1 They are completely soluble in the final blend.1.3.2 They are not reactive with other blend components or with blend containers.1.3.3 The combined vapor pressure of the blended components is such that there is no selective evaporation of any of the components.1.3.3.1 The butane content of the blend is not to exceed 10 %. (Warning—Extremely flammable liquefied gas under pressure. Vapor reduces oxygen available for breathing.) Components with a vapor pressure higher than butanes are not to be blended.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 1047元 / 折扣价： 890 元

4.1 General guidance is provided for electronic thermometers for general temperature measurements typically needed for D04 practices and test methods which need to monitor oven, water and oil bath, and material temperatures during drying, heating, aging, and mixing.4.2 All ASTM standards under the management of the D04 Main Committee were individually reviewed, and a list of all Specification E1 mercury thermometers was prepared along with the required temperature range and information about the thermometer placement in each method.4.2.1 This specific information was used to identify the most appropriate type(s) of electronic thermometers which can be used to replace mercury thermometers in the current D04 road and paving standards.1.1 The Interstate Mercury Education and Reduction Clearinghouse (IMERC) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are phasing out the use of mercury thermometers because of safety and environmental concerns. This guide was developed to support replacing mercury thermometers in D04 standards with appropriate electronic thermometers.1.2 This guide provides assistance for the D04 subcommittees when selecting electronic thermometers for general use in water or oil baths and ovens and as possible replacements for Specification E1 mercury thermometers currently used in D04 road and paving standards. Guidance for using non-mercury liquid thermometers in place of mercury thermometers can be found in Specification E2251.1.3 Some guidance is also provided for selecting a handheld infrared thermometer for use in field applications.1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this guide.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车