5.1 The density/unit weight of a cohesionless soil may be determined by various in-place methods in the field or by the measurement of physical dimensions and masses by laboratory soil specimens. The dry density/unit weight of a cohesionless soil does not necessarily, by itself, reveal whether the soil is loose or dense.5.2 Relative density/unit weight expresses the degree of compactness of a cohesionless soil with respect to the loosest and densest condition as defined by standard laboratory procedures. Only when viewed against the possible range of variation, in terms of relative density/unit weight, can the dry density/unit weight be related to the compaction effort used to place the soil in a compacted fill or indicate volume change and stress-strain tendencies of soil when subjected to external loading.5.3 An absolute minimum density/unit weight is not necessarily obtained by these test methods.NOTE 1: In addition, there are published data to indicate that these test methods have a high degree of variability.4 However, the variability can be greatly reduced by careful calibration of equipment, and careful attention to proper test procedure and technique.5.4 The use of the standard molds (6.2.1) has been found to be satisfactory for most soils requiring minimum index density/unit weight testing. Special molds (6.2.2) shall only be used when the test results are to be applied in conjunction with design or special studies and there is not enough soil to use the standard molds. Such test results should be applied with caution, as minimum index densities/unit weights obtained with the special molds may not agree with those that would be obtained using the standard molds.NOTE 2: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740, generally, are considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the minimum-index dry density/unit weight of cohesionless, free-draining soils. The adjective “dry” before density or unit weight is omitted in the title and remaining portions of this standards to be be consistent with the applicable definitions given in Section 3 on Terminology.1.2 System of Units: 1.2.1 The testing apparatus described in this standard has been developed and manufactured using values in the gravimetric or inch-pound system. Therefore, test apparatus dimensions and mass given in inch-pound units are regarded as the standard.1.2.2 It is common practice in the engineering profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm) and a unit of force (lbf). This implicitly combines two separate systems of units; that is, the absolute system and the gravitational system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single standard. This test method has been written using the gravitational system of units when dealing with the inch-pound system. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight). However, balances or scales measure mass; and weight must be calculated. In the inch-pound system, it is common to assume that 1 lbf is equal to 1 lbm. While reporting density is not regarded as nonconformance with this standard, unit weights should be calculated and reported since the results may be used to determine force or stress.1.2.3 The terms density and unit weight are often used interchangeably. Density is mass per unit volume, whereas unit weight is force per unit volume. In this standard, density is given only in SI units. After the density has been determined, the unit weight is calculated in SI or inch-pound units, or both.1.3 Three alternative methods are provided to determine the minimum index density/unit weight, as follows:1.3.1 Method A—Using a funnel pouring device or a hand scoop to place material in mold.1.3.2 Method B—Depositing material into a mold by extracting a soil filled tube.1.3.3 Method C 2—Depositing material by inverting a graduated cylinder.1.4 The method to be used should be specified by the agency requesting the test. If no method is specified, the provisions of Method A shall govern. Test Method A is the preferred procedure for determining minimum index density/unit weight as used in conjunction with the procedures of Test Methods D4253. Methods B and C are provided for guidance of testing used in conjunction with special studies, especially where there is not enough material available to use a 0.100 ft3 (2830 cm3) or 0.500 ft3 (14 200 cm3) mold as required by Method A.1.5 These test methods are applicable to soils that may contain up to 15 %, by dry mass, of soil particles passing a No. 200 (75-μm) sieve, provided they still have cohesionless, free-draining characteristics (nominal sieve dimensions are in accordance with Specification E11).1.5.1 Method A is applicable to soils in which 100 %, by dry mass, of soil particles pass a 3-in. (75-mm) sieve and which may contain up to 30 %, by dry mass, of soil particles retained on a 11/2-inch (37.5-mm) sieve.1.5.2 Method B is applicable to soils in which 100 %, by dry mass, of soil particles pass a 3/4-inch (19.0-mm) sieve.1.5.3 Method C is applicable only to fine and medium sands in which 100 %, by dry mass, of soil particles pass a 3/8-in. (9.5-mm) sieve and which may contain up to 10 %, by dry mass, of soil particles retained on a No. 10 (2.00-mm) sieve.1.5.4 Soils, for the purposes of these test methods, shall be regarded as naturally occurring cohesionless soils, processed particles, or composites or mixtures of natural soils, or mixtures of natural and processed particles, provided they are free-draining.1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.1.6.1 For purposes of comparing a measured or calculated value(s) to specified limits, the measured or calculated value(s) shall be rounded to the nearest decimal or significant digits in the specified limits.1.6.2 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 Calculation of the weight percent volatile organic content of water-borne paints, requires that the water content be known. This test method provides a direct way to determine the weight percent volatile organic matter of water-borne aerosol paints minus the matter content. This test method is modeled after Method 36.41.1 This test method is for the determination of the weight percent volatile content of water-borne paints in aerosols.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 The incidental conversion of organic material to trihalomethanes and other volatile organohalides during chlorination of water is a possible health hazard and is the object of much research. This test method can be used as a rapid, simple means for determining many volatile organohalides in raw and processed water.1.1 This test method covers the analysis of drinking water. It is also applicable to many environmental and waste waters when adequate validation is included.1.2 This test method covers the determination of halomethanes, haloethanes, and some related extractable organohalides amenable to gas chromatographic measurement. The applicable concentration range for trihalomethanes is from 1 to 200 μg/L. Detection limits depend on the compound, matrix, and on the characteristics of the gas chromatographic system.1.3 For compounds not specifically included in the precision and bias section the analyst should validate the test method by collecting precision and bias data on actual samples.1.4 Confirmation of component identities is obtained by observing retention times using gas chromatographic columns of different polarities. When concentrations are sufficiently high (>50 μg/L) confirmation with halogen specific detectors or gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) may be used. Confirmation of purgeable compounds at levels down to 1 μg/L can be obtained using Test Method D3871 with GC/MS detection.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 It is important to know the amount of weight and its location before the ship is built to be sure that when it is built it will have positive stability. Only through detailed weight estimating in the design stage and during construction can one be ensured that positive stability will be achieved and retained.1.1 This guide provides recommended weight control technical requirements for surface ships and discusses different types of weight estimates, reports, and weight control procedures. It contains a weight classification that will assist in achieving uniformity by standardizing the weight-reporting system.1.2 This guide is applicable to ships designed and constructed in inch-pound units of measurement and to ships designed and constructed in SI units of measurement. Whenever inch-pound units are shown or referred to in the text, or in example formats included in this guide, it is to be understood that corresponding SI units may be substituted if applicable to a ship designed and constructed in SI units, provided that whichever system is used, it is consistently used in all weight control reporting documentation for the ship.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

4.1 The amount and composition of by-products produced by exposure of insulating varnishes to elevated temperatures can possibly:4.1.1 Deteriorate other insulations in the system,4.1.2 Cause cracking of insulation due to pressure, buildup in thick cross sections, or4.1.3 Corrode other parts in the assembly.4.2 Amount and rate of weight loss will possibly affect the thermal rating of a varnish.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the percent weight loss of cured solventless electrical varnishes when exposed to elevated temperatures for prescribed periods of time.1.2 Results of this test method are based on 6-mm (1/4-in.) thick specimens and will not be applicable to specimens appreciably thinner or thicker than 6 mm.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: This standard resembles IEC 60216–2 “Guide for the determination of thermal endurance properties of electrical insulating materials. Part 2: Choice of test criteria” in a number of ways, but is not consistently similar throughout. The data obtained using either standard will possibly be technically equivalent.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 The procedure described in this test method is designed to provide a method by which the coating weight of titanium treatments on metal substrates may be determined.4.2 This test method is applicable for determination of the total coating weight and the titanium coating weight of a titanium-containing treatment.1.1 This test method covers the use of wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) techniques for determination of the coating weight of titanium treatments on metal substrates. These techniques are applicable for determination of the coating weight as titanium or total coating weight of a titanium containing treatment, or both, on a variety of metal substrates.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 The weight-average molecular weight is a fundamental structure parameter of polymers, which is related to many physical properties of the bulk material, such as its rheological behavior. In addition, knowledge of the weight-average molecular weight, together with knowledge of the number-average molecular weight from osmometry, provides a useful measure of the breadth of the molecular-weight distribution.4.2 Other important uses of information on the weight-average molecular weight are correlation with dilute-solution or melt-viscosity measurements and calibration of molecular-weight standards for use in liquid-exclusion (gel-permeation) chromatography.4.3 To the extent that the light-scattering photometer is appropriately calibrated, light scattering is an absolute method and is therefore be applied to nonionic homopolymers that have not previously been synthesized or studied.1.1 This test method describes the test procedures for determining the weight-average molecular weight Mw of polymers by light scattering. It is applicable to all nonionic homopolymers (linear or branched) that dissolve completely without reaction or degradation to form stable solutions. Copolymers and polyelectrolytes are not within its scope. The procedure also allows the determination of the second virial coefficient, A2, which is a measure of polymer-solvent interactions, and the root-mean-square radius of gyration (s2)1/2, which is a measure of the dimensions of the polymer chain.1.2 The molecular-weight range for light scattering is, to some extent, determined by the size of the dissolved polymer molecules and the refractive indices of solvent and polymer. A range frequently stated is 10,000 to 10,000,000, is often extended in either direction with suitable systems and by the use of special techniques.1.2.1 The lower limit to molecular weight results from low levels of excess solution scattering over that of the solvent. The greater the specific refractive increment dn/dc (difference in refractive indices of solution and solvent per unit concentration), the greater the level of solution scattering and the lower the molecular weight that shall be determined with a given precision.1.2.2 The upper limit to molecular weight results from the angular dependence of the solution scattering, which is determined by the molecular size. For sufficiently large molecules, measurements must be made at small scattering angles, which are ultimately outside the range of the photometer used.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

This test method is used to determine the density of cohesionless soil used in the construction of earth embankments and road fills, or of cohesionless soils used for structure backfill, bedding and backfill for pipe, or filters. This test method is used as the basis for acceptance of soils compacted to a specified density or to a specified relative density.This test method may be useful in determining the density of cohesionless soils in a confined or limited space since this test method requires less working area than other methods.A predetermined calibration equation is necessary to use this procedure (see Annex A1). It is assumed there is a linear relationship between the density in place and the mass of dry soil per inch of test hole measured by the sleeve method. This may not be true for certain soils or the linear relationship may exist only for a particular range of densities.The quality of the results produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors: Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of soil in place by the sleeve method.1.2 The sleeve method of determining the density of soil in place is used for cohesionless, granular soils for which other methods of determining the density (sand cone, test pit, and the like) may not be practical. Typically, the sleeve method is applicable for soils that are predominantly fine gravel size, with a maximum of 5 % fines, and a maximum particle size of 3/4 in. (19.0 mm).Note 1—There have been other methods developed for testing cohesionless soils. Compared to other methods, this procedure is convenient for field construction control testing because smaller and lighter equipment is used and the test can be performed in a smaller area.1.3 A calibration equation is necessary in the application of this test method to obtain a reliable value of the in-place density of the soil (see Annex A1). The calibration equation is used to calculate the density of the soil in place from the mass of dry soil per inch of test hole measured by the sleeve method.1.3.1 The calibration equation is predetermined for a particular soil type that is to be tested. When the soil changes significantly in either gradation or particle angularity, the calibration equation may have to be adjusted or redefined before the sleeve method can be used.1.3.2 There may be certain soils meeting the general description in 1.2 for which a calibration equation may not be appropriate due to unsatisfactory correlation of the data. The sleeve method would not be applicable for these soils.1.3.3 There may be certain soils meeting the description in 1.2 for which the calibration equation may be applicable only for a certain range of densities. The sleeve method will give reliable values of the density in place only within that range of densities.1.4 This test method uses inch-pound units with SI rationalized units; that is, a combined standard.1.4.1 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4.2 The converted inch-pound units used the gravitational system of units. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs. The converted slug unit is not given, unless dynamic (F = ma) calculations are involved.1.4.3 It is common practice in the engineering profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm) and a unit of force (lbf). This implicitly combines two separate systems of units; that is, the absolute system and the gravitational system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single standard. This standard has been written using the gravitational system of units when dealing with the inch-pound system. In this system the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight). However, the use of balances or scales recording pounds of mass (lbm), or the recording of density in lbm/ft3 should not be regarded as nonconformance with this test method.1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026 unless superseded by this standard.1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected, recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits or reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

5.1 Preformed tape sealants are tacky, deformable solids that are used under compression between two substrates in a variety of sealing applications. Compared to other types of sealants, that is, gunnable sealants and caulks, sealing tapes are designed to be essentially 100 % solids materials. In use, these tapes are intended to give long service with minimal weight loss or volatility. This procedure will give a measure of the weight loss of a preformed tape sealant after a controlled period of exposure at an elevated temperature.1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for determining the weight loss after heat aging of preformed tape sealants.NOTE 1: Test Method C681 describes a weight loss or volatility test for knife-grade glazing compounds.1.2 The values stated in acceptable metric units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 The subcommittee with jurisdiction is not aware of any similar ISO standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This test method is used to determine the weight loss as a function of time of non-floating plastic materials (including formulation additives), when incubated under changing, open, marine aquarium conditions, which is representative of aquatic aerobic environments near the coasts and near the bottom of a body of water in the absence of sunlight, particularly UV and visible portions of the spectrum. The goal of this test is to obtain data that can be used to assess the potential for physical degradation of the test material. Such potential for physical degradation will be affected by real life environmental conditions.1.2 In particular this test method does not take into consideration the possible effects of solar irradiation.1.3 The aquarium-incubated plastic materials are examined for visual degradation and dry weight loss over time. This test does not provide information on ultimate biodegradation (that is, it is not a replacement for Test Method D6691), but it is an ASTM method for weight attrition. The standard addresses only weight loss as a function of time of the plastics materials in a marine environment and shall not be used for demonstrating ultimate biodegradation.1.4 This test method does not provide information regarding the potential formation of microplastics due to the physical degradation of the samples.1.5 Plastic pieces of known size and thickness are used at levels so as not to exceed the availability of micronutrients essential for and therefore limit the microbial processes.1.6 The aquarium incubation test method allows for representative indigenous microorganisms present in seawater and marine sediment to be enriched for and carry out the biodegradation. It is recommended that the test be carried out in the geographical vicinity (latitudinal area) where the test materials are likely to be used. These Aquarium studies are conducted in indoor environments, hence any sunlight-induced effects on degradation, or biodegradation, or both, are not taken into account.1.7 This test by itself shall not be used as the basis for claims, such as “Biodegradable in Marine Environments” since it is only a weight loss test method. This test method is solely a means for measuring a characteristic (physical degradation) under standard conditions. It does not assess the general environmental impact of plastic products.1.8 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems has the potential to result in non-conformance with the standard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers continued airworthiness requirements for the manufacture of weight-shift-control aircraft and their qualification for possible certification. A safety directive shall be distributed to all registered owners and appropriate CAAwhen a condition is found to exist that may also exist in other aircraft in the fleet and which would cause a deviation from original design or unsafe condition for flight, rendering the aircraft unairworthy. Service bulletins should be distributed to all registered owners by the manufacturer when no unsafe condition exists that could lead to an unairworthy condition, but a service problem has become repetitive for which the manufacturer has developed a design change, or service procedure change that will contribute to the improvement or convenience of operation or maintenance of the aircraft. The manufacturer should issue service letters on any subject that is considered helpful to the owners.1.1 The following continued airworthiness requirements apply for the manufacture of weight-shift-control aircraft and their qualification for possible certification.1.2 This specification applies to aircraft seeking civil aviation authority approval, in the form of flight certificates, flight permits, or other like documentation.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 This guide aims to provide guidance for a range of assessments and evaluations to aid in preclinical research and device development of various UHMWPE components in orthopedic and spinal devices used for the repair of musculoskeletal disorders.4.2 This guide includes brief descriptions of various assessments, representative data, processing conditions, and intended use or uses, as well as the qualitative and quantitative analyses of the UHMWPE powder to a finished product component.4.3 The user is encouraged to use appropriate ASTM International and other standards to conduct the physical, chemical, mechanical, biocompatibility, and preclinical tests on UHMWPE materials, device components, or devices before assessment of an in vivo model.4.4 Assessments of UHMWPE should be performed in accordance with the provisions of 21 CFR 58 where feasible.4.5 Studies to support investigational device exemption (IDE), premarket approval (PMA), or 510K submissions should conform to appropriate Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines for the development of medical devices.4.6 Assessments with physical, chemical, mechanical, biocompatibility, and preclinical tests on UHMWPE components are not necessarily predictive of human results and therefore should be interpreted cautiously with respect to potential applicability to human conditions. Referenced UHMWPE publications can be found in the References section at the end of this guide for further review.(A) For materials terminally sterilized by gamma or e-beam irradiation.1.1 This guide covers general guidelines for the physical, chemical, biocompatibility, mechanical, and preclinical assessments of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) in implantable orthopedic and spinal devices intended to replace a musculoskeletal joint. The UHMWPE components may include knee, hip, shoulder, elbow, ankle, total disc replacement, toe, finger, and wrist joint implant devices. This guide does not cover UHMWPE in fiber or tape forms.1.2 This guide includes a description and rationale of assessments for the various UHMWPE types and processing conditions. Assessment testing based on physical, chemical, biocompatibility, mechanical, and preclinical analyses are briefly described and referenced. The user should refer to specific test methods for additional details.1.3 This guide does not attempt to define all of the assessment methods associated with UHMWPE components in orthopedic and spinal devices.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 This practice includes, in Table 1, the commercial composition corresponding to different commercial designations for scoured wool, wool top, and wool noil, all of which contain, in addition to wool base, various percentages of moisture, material extractable with alcohol, and mineral matter.1.2 This practice includes directions for the calculation of the commercial weight of wool corresponding to different commercial designations for several forms of wool, and for converting the commercial weight (mass) calculated on one basis to the commercial weight calculated on a different basis.1.3 This practice also includes directions for calculating the yield, on various commercial designation bases, obtained by processing raw wool, and for converting the yield calculated on one commercial designation basis to the yield on another commercial designation basis.Note 1—Because of trade practice the term “weight” is used in this practice instead of the technically correct term “mass”.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.TABLE 1 Commercial Composition of CommerciallyDesignated Scoured Wool, Wool Top, and Wool Noil PercentageWool Base Moisture Other Compo-nentsASTM Clean Wool Fiber PresentA 86.0000 12.0000 2.0000U.S. Customs Absolute Clean ContentB 86.0000 12.0000 2.0000IWTO Clean Wool ContentC 83.5299 14.5299 1.9402American Oil Combed TopD ,E 82.4222 13.0435 4.5343American Oil Combed NoilD ,E 83.4113 12.0000 4.5887American Dry Combed TopD ,E 84.1454 13.0435 2.8111American Dry Combed NoilD ,E 85.1552 12.0000 2.8448Bradford Oil Combed TopD ,E 79.2980 15.9664 4.7356Bradford Oil Combed NoilD ,E 82.7760 12.2807 4.9433Bradford Dry Combed TopD ,E 82.6449 15.4334 1.9217Bradford Dry Combed NoilD ,E 85.7260 12.2807 1.9933IWTO Noble Oil Combed TopC 79.2995 15.9664 4.7341IWTO Noble Oil Combed NoilC 82.7775 12.2807 4.9418IWTO Noble Dry Combed TopC 82.6469 15.4334 1.9197IWTO Noble Dry Combed NoilC 85.7281 12.2807 1.9912Schlumberger Oil Combed TopC 79.2995 15.9664 4.7341Schlumberger Oil Combed NoilC 81.3503 13.7931 4.8566Schlumberger Dry Combed TopC 82.6469 15.4334 1.9197Schlumberger Dry Combed NoilC 84.2500 13.7931 1.9569A ASTM Method D584, Test for Wool Content of Raw Wool, Laboratory Scale.B Tariff Schedules of the United States of America (1975), Schedule 3, Part 1, Subpart C, Headnote 1(c).C IWTO Core Test Regulations, 1974, International Wool Textile Organization.D Circular No. 3267, Nov. 10, 1954, Boston Wool Trade Assn.E Circular No. 4899, Nov. 2, 1967, Boston Wool Trade Assn.

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定价： 364元 / 折扣价： 310 元

5.1 LWDs are intended to be used as a tool to ensure adequate compaction of unbound materials. Adequate soil compaction of infrastructure projects will provide load capacity, stability of the soil, decrease permeability, and prevent or reduce the settlement of supported pavements and structures. The target modulus or deflections are used to establish QA/QC acceptance criteria for the LWD tests in the field.5.2 This test method covers the determination of target acceptance modulus values of unbound materials based on measuring LWD deflections on laboratory proctor mold samples at varying moisture contents.5.3 This standard test method provides a target modulus calculation that accounts for the constrained conditions (in the compaction mold) of the test sample. The intent is to be able to compare the results from the laboratory samples to those of similar materials in the field at similar stress levels.55.4 The target modulus or deflections may be either correlated directly to pavement or structure performance or used to determine in situ material characteristics of the pavement or structure foundation layers.61.1 This test method describes the procedure to determine the target modulus (or deflection) required for compaction quality control of geomaterials using light weight deflectometer (LWD) drops on a compacted proctor mold in the laboratory.21.2 The same LWD type in terms of brand name, buffer stiffness, and deflection measurement location (on top of the plate or on top of the soil layer) used for the laboratory target modulus testing must be used during the field testing. This is to eliminate differences between measurements from different devices.1.3 This procedure shall be performed in the laboratory on representative soil samples before the field compaction operations.1.4 Gradation, moisture content inconsistency, and surface texture on the mold can affect the material moduli results.1.5 The target surface modulus values can be compared to the field-measured modulus for compaction quality control/quality assurance purposes.1.6 This test method covers the determination of the relationship between moisture content and modulus of unbound granular material using the light weight deflectometer (LWD) on laboratory compaction samples.1.7 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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