定价： 345元 / 折扣价： 294 元 加购物车

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元 加购物车

定价： 156元 / 折扣价： 133 元 加购物车

定价： 156元 / 折扣价： 133 元 加购物车

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元 加购物车

This specification covers requirements for multiplayer pipe type 2 and compression fittings for hot and cold drinking water systems. Multilayer pipe type 2 is produced using a butt-welded aluminum pipe as a core, with an extruded inside layer of crosslinked polyethylene (PEX). An adhesive layer is used to bond the inside layer to the wall of the aluminum pipe. An outer layer of polyethylene (PE) and an adhesive layer are extruded to the outer wall of the aluminum pipe. This specification includes compression fittings and thread or solder adapters for use with pipe and fittings. The pipe dimensions, compression-fitting dimensions, burst pressure, thermal cycling, and excessive temperature-pressure capability shall be in conformance to the specification.1.1 This specification covers requirements for multilayer pipe type 2 and compression fittings for hot and cold drinking-water systems, with a maximum pressure rating of 1000 kPa (145 psi) at 82°C (180°F).Note 1—Multilayer Pipe Type 2Construction-based pressure rated pipe comprising more than one layer in which at least 60 % of the wall thickness is polymeric material.1.2 Multilayer pipe type 2 is produced using a butt-welded aluminum pipe as a core, with an extruded inside layer of crosslinked polyethylene (PEX). An adhesive layer is used to bond the inside layer to the wall of the aluminum pipe. An outer layer of polyethylene (PE) and an adhesive layer are extruded to the outer wall of the aluminum pipe.1.3 Multilayer pipe type 2 is produced in configurations 1 and 2, as referenced in Fig. 1.1.4 This specification includes compression fittings, which are referenced in Fig. 2 .1.5 Specifications for thread or solder adapters for use with pipe and fittings meeting the requirements of this specification are given in Annex A1 and Annex A2.1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

This specification covers requirements for multilayer pipe type 2 and compression fittings for hydronic heating systems. Multilayer Pipe Type is a construction-based pressure rated pipe comprising more than one layer in which at least 60 % of the wall thickness is polymeric material. Multilayer pipe type 2 is produced using a butt-welded aluminum pipe as a core, with an extruded inside layer of crosslinked polyethylene (PEX). An adhesive layer is used to bond the inside layer to the wall of the aluminum pipe. An outer layer of polyethylene (PE) and an adhesive layer are extruded to the outer wall of the aluminum pipe. Materials shall be tested and shall conform to specified values of multilayer pipe configurations 1 and 2, compression fittings for multilayer pipe, O-rings, multilayer pipe dimensions, compression fitting dimensions, minimum burst pressure, sustained pressure, thermal cycling test, and excessive temperature/pressure capability. Among the test methods included are: sustained-hydrostatic-pressure test, thermal cycling test, water hammer test, delamination, fusion line test, and excessive temperature/pressure capability test.1.1 This specification covers requirements for multilayer pipe type 2 and compression fittings for hydronic heating systems, with a maximum pressure/temperature range of 1000 kPa (145 psi), at 82°C (180°F).Note 1—Multilayer Pipe Type 2Construction-based pressure rated pipe comprising more than one layer in which at least 60 % of the wall thickness is polymeric material.1.2 Multilayer pipe type 2 is produced using a butt-welded aluminum pipe as a core, with an extruded inside layer of crosslinked polyethylene (PEX). An adhesive layer is used to bond the inside layer to the wall of the aluminum pipe. An outer layer of polyethylene (PE) and an adhesive layer are extruded to the outer wall of the aluminum pipe.1.3 Multilayer pipe type 2 is produced in Configurations 1 and 2, as shown in Fig. 1.1.4 This specification includes compression fittings, which are referenced in Fig. 2.1.5 Specifications for threaded or solder adapters for use with pipe and fittings meeting the requirements of this specification are given in Annex A1 and Annex A2.1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this specification.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

5.1 Intervertebral body fusion devices are generally simple geometric-shaped devices, which are often porous or hollow in nature. Their function is to support the anterior column of the spine to facilitate arthrodesis of the motion segment.5.2 This test method is designed to quantify the subsidence characteristics of different designs of intervertebral body fusion devices since this is a potential clinical failure mode. These tests are conducted in vitro in order to simplify the comparison of simulated vertebral body subsidence induced by the intervertebral body fusion devices.5.3 The static axial compressive loads that will be applied to the intervertebral body fusion devices and test blocks will differ from the complex loading seen in vivo, and therefore, the results from this test method may not be used to directly predict in vivo performance. The results, however, can be used to compare the varying degrees of subsidence between different intervertebral body fusion device designs for a given density of simulated bone.5.4 The location within the simulated vertebral bodies and position of the intervertebral body fusion device with respect to the loading axis will be dependent upon the design and manufacturer's recommendation for implant placement.1.1 This test method specifies the materials and methods for the axial compressive subsidence testing of non-biologic intervertebral body fusion devices, spinal implants designed to promote arthrodesis at a given spinal motion segment.1.2 This test method is intended to provide a basis for the mechanical comparison among past, present, and future non-biologic intervertebral body fusion devices. This test method is intended to enable the user to mechanically compare intervertebral body fusion devices and does not purport to provide performance standards for intervertebral body fusion devices.1.3 This test method describes a static test method by specifying a load type and a specific method of applying this load. This test method is designed to allow for the comparative evaluation of intervertebral body fusion devices.1.4 Guidelines are established for measuring test block deformation and determining the subsidence of intervertebral body fusion devices.1.5 Since some intervertebral body fusion devices require the use of additional implants for stabilization, the testing of these types of implants may not be in accordance with the manufacturer's recommended usage.1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard with the exception of angular measurements, which may be reported in terms of either degrees or radians.1.7 The use of this standard may involve the operation of potentially hazardous equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 The viscous and elastic behavior of unvulcanized rubbers and rubber compounds is of paramount importance in rubber manufacturing, since it affects processing, such as mixing, calendering, extrusion, and molding. The uniformity of these properties is equally important, as fluctuations will cause upsets in manufacturing processes.5.2 A test capable of measuring viscosity and elasticity of unvulcanized rubbers and rubber compounds, including their uniformity and prediction of processing behavior, is therefore highly desirable (see Practice D6048 for further information).5.3 Compared to many other rheological tests, this test method measures viscosity and elasticity related parameters under conditions of low shear and has a high discriminating power. It can detect small rheological differences. A full discussion of the principles behind stress relaxation testing is given in Practice D6048.5.4 Test results of this test method may be useful in predicting processability, but correlation with actual manufacturing processes must be established in each individual case, since conditions vary too widely.5.5 This test method is suitable for specification compliance testing, quality control, referee purposes, and research and development work.1.1 This test method is an adaptation of the German Standard DIN 53514, a further development of the former “Defo Test” (see Appendix X1).1.2 This test method is capable of measuring and characterizing the rheological behavior (viscosity and elasticity) of unvulcanized raw rubbers and rubber compounds, relating to the macro structure of rubber polymers (average molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, long chain branching, and micro- and macro-gel).1.3 The viscosity and elasticity of unvulcanized rubbers and rubber compounds are determined by subjecting cylindrical test pieces to a compression/recovery cycle. The dependency on shear rate at constant shear stress is evaluated and the material fatigue behavior is determined in repeat cycle testing.1.4 The non-Newtonian viscous and elastic behavior of rubbers and rubber compounds can also be evaluated.1.5 Statistical evaluation of the test data provides an indication of data variation, which may be employed as an estimate of the homogeneity of the material tested.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification provides minimum design standards for testing machines used to measure the compressive strength of concrete masonry units, related units, and masonry prisms covered under Test Methods C140 and C1314. Testing machine requirements cover requirements for machine loading; gauges and displays; accuracy; load frame; plates, blocks, and platens; spacers; hemispherical head design; lower platen design; prescriptive design requirements for blocks and platens; and prescriptive design for deflection under load.1.1 This specification provides minimum design standards for testing machines used to measure the compressive strength of concrete masonry units, related units, and masonry prisms covered under Test Methods C140/C140M and C1314.1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.1.3 This specification shall be used to determine the maximum allowable specimen size and the maximum allowable load limits on a specific specimen for any test machine. These limits are based on deflection of the bearing surfaces and the machine load frame. These limits may not reflect the actual capacity of the machine and do not supersede the machine manufacturer’s recommended operational limits. The user must determine if testing machine capacities, allowable specimen size and maximum allowable load are appropriate for the sample to be tested.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method provides a simple means of characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of plastic compositions using very small amounts of material. The data obtained can be used for quality control and/or research and development purposes. For some classes of materials, such as thermosets, it can also be used to establish optimum processing conditions.5.2 Dynamic mechanical testing provides a sensitive method for determining thermomechanical characteristics by measuring the elastic and loss moduli as a function of frequency, temperature, or time. Plots of moduli and tan delta of a material versus these variables provide graphical representation indicative of functional properties, effectiveness of cure (thermosetting resin system), and damping behavior under specified conditions.5.2.1 Observed data are specific to experimental conditions. Reporting in full (as described in this test method) the conditions under which the data was obtained is essential to assist users with interpreting the data an reconciling apparent or perceived discrepancies.5.3 This test method can be used to assess:5.3.1 Modulus as a function of temperature,5.3.2 Modulus as a function of frequency,5.3.3 The effects of processing treatment, including orientation,5.3.4 Relative resin behavioral properties, including cure and damping,5.3.5 The effects of substrate types and orientation (fabrication) on elastic modulus,5.3.6 The effects of formulation additives which might affect processability or performance,5.3.7 The effects of annealing on modulus and glass transition temperature,5.3.8 The effect of aspect ratio on the modulus of fiber reinforcements, and5.3.9 The effect of fillers, additives on modulus and glass transition temperature.5.4 Before proceeding with this test method, make reference to the specification of the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the relevant ASTM materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no relevant ASTM material specifications, then the default conditions apply.1.1 This test method outlines the use of dynamic mechanical instrumentation for determining and reporting the viscoelastic properties of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins as well as composite systems in the form of cylindrical specimens molded directly or cut from sheets, plates, or molded shapes. The compression data generated is used to identify the thermomechanical properties of a plastics material or composition using a variety of dynamic mechanical instruments.1.2 This test method is intended to provide a means for determining the thermomechanical properties (as a function of a number of viscoelastic variables) for a wide variety of plastic materials using nonresonant, forced-vibration techniques as outlined in Practice D4065. Plots of the elastic (storage) modulus, loss (viscous) modulus, complex modulus, and tan delta as a function of frequency, time, or temperature are indicative of significant transitions in the thermomechanical performance of the polymeric material system.1.3 This test method is valid for a wide range of frequencies, typically from 0.01 to 100 Hz.1.4 Due to possible instrumentation compliance, the data generated are intended to indicate relative and not necessarily absolute property values.1.5 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This test method covers the use of dynamic mechanical instrumentation for gathering and reporting the viscoelastic properties of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins and composite systems in the form of cylindrical specimens molded directly or cut from sheets, plates, or molded shapes. The compression data generated may be used to identify the thermomechanical properties of a plastics material or composition using a variety of dynamic mechanical instruments.1.2 This test method is intended to provide means for determining the modulus as a function of temperature of a wide variety of plastics materials using nonresonant forced-vibration techniques, as outlined in Practice D 4065. Plots of the elastic (storage), loss (viscous) and complex moduli and tan delta as a function of frequency, time, or temperature are indicative of significant transitions in the thermomechanical performance of the polymeric material system.1.3 This test method is valid for a wide range of frequencies, typically from 0.01 to 100 Hz.1.4 Apparent discrepancies may arise in results obtained under differing experimental conditions. These apparent differences from results observed in another study can usually be reconciled, without changing the observed data, by reporting in full (as described in this test method) the conditions under which the data were obtained.1.5 Due to possible instrumentation compliance, the data generated are intended to indicate relative and not necessarily absolute property values.1.6 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

The accelerated curing procedures provide, at the earliest practical time, an indication of the potential strength of a specific concrete mixture. These procedures also provide information on the variability of the production process for use in quality control.The accelerated early strength obtained from any of the procedures in this test method can be used to evaluate concrete strengths in the same way conventional 28-day strengths have been used in the past, with suitable changes in the expected strength values. Since the practice of using strength values obtained from standard-cured cylinders at 28 days is long established and widespread, the results of accelerated strength tests are often used to estimate the later-age strength under standard curing. Such estimates should be limited to concretes using the same materials and mixture proportions as those used for establishing the correlation. Appendix X2 provides a procedure to estimate the 90 % confidence interval of the average later-age strength based on accelerated strength test results.Correlation between accelerated strength and strength achieved at some later age by using conventional curing methods depends upon the materials comprising the concrete, the mixture proportions, and the specific accelerated test procedure.The user shall choose which procedure to use on the basis of experience and local conditions. These procedures, in general, will be practical when a field laboratory is available to house the curing containers and the testing equipment to measure compressive strength within the specified time limits.1.1 This test method covers four procedures for making, curing, and testing specimens of concrete stored under conditions intended to accelerate the development of strength. The four procedures are: Procedure A-Warm Water Method, Procedure B-Boiling Water Method, Procedure C-Autogenous Curing Method, and Procedure D-High Temperature and Pressure Method.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 9 and Note 9 and 14 for specific warnings and precautions.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

5.1 It is possible for plasticizers to become less compatible in poly(vinyl chloride) resin when fused compound is subjected to compressive stress.5.1.1 This test subjects a standard test specimen to a definite deformation and allows qualitative determination of the amount of spew that is capable of occurring over a period of time.5.1.2 An apparent decrease in compatibility of plasticizers with subsequent exudation can cause excessive dirt pickup, marring of lacquered or varnished surfaces, sticky feel, and a number of other associated problems.5.1.3 When a plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) sheet is stressed in compression by bending it through 180°, one way to relieve the stress is by migration of the plasticizer from the compressed area (inside of bend) to the area in tension (outside of bend). If these compressive stresses cannot be relieved rapidly by internal migration of plasticizer, then plasticizer will spew. The internal migration of plasticizer will continue and when a deficiency of plasticizer occurs at the compressed area spewed plasticizer will be reabsorbed. It is possible for certain plasticizers to spew and be reabsorbed quite rapidly. Less compatible plasticizers are capable of spewing early and continuing to spew throughout the test. A test of one week's duration is used for screening, while an extended test of seven weeks' duration is used for a complete profile.NOTE 3: It is permissible for the seller and the purchaser to agree upon other test conditions of time, temperature, or relative humidity.1.1 This practice determines the compatibility of plasticizers in poly(vinyl chloride) plastics by rating the amount of plasticizer that spews due to compressional stress set up inside a 180° loop bend.NOTE 1: Ingredients other than plasticizer can spew from a total formulation.1.2 The text of this practice references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this practice.1.3 The values as stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are given for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 Understanding the mechanical properties of frozen soils is of primary importance to permafrost engineering. Data from creep tests are necessary for the design of most foundation elements embedded in, or bearing on frozen ground. They make it possible to predict the time-dependent settlements of piles and shallow foundations under service loads, and to estimate their short- and long-term bearing capacity. Creep tests also provide quantitative parameters for the stability analysis of underground structures that are created for permanent use.5.2 It must be recognized that the structure of frozen soil in situ and its behavior under load may differ significantly from that of an artificially prepared specimen in the laboratory. This is mainly due to the fact that natural permafrost ground may contain ice in many different forms and sizes, in addition to the pore ice contained in a small laboratory specimen. These large ground-ice inclusions (such as ice lenses, a dominant horizontal, lens-shaped body of ice of any dimension) will considerably affect the time-dependent behavior of full-scale engineering structures.5.3 In order to obtain reliable results, high-quality intact representative permafrost samples are required for creep tests. The quality of the sample depends on the type of frozen soil sampled, the in situ thermal condition at the time of sampling, the sampling method, and the transportation and storage procedures prior to testing. The best testing program can be ruined by poor-quality samples. In addition, one must always keep in mind that the application of laboratory results to practical problems requires much caution and engineering judgment.NOTE 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the creep behavior of cylindrical specimens of frozen soil, subjected to uniaxial compression. It specifies the apparatus, instrumentation, and procedures for determining the stress-strain-time, or strength versus strain rate relationships for frozen soils under deviatoric creep conditions.1.2 Although this test method is one that is most commonly used, it is recognized that creep properties of frozen soil related to certain specific applications, can also be obtained by some alternative procedures, such as stress-relaxation tests, simple shear tests, and beam flexure tests. Creep testing under triaxial test conditions will be covered in another standard.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.1.4.1 For the purposes of comparing, a measured or calculated value(s) with specified limits, the measured or calculated value(s) shall be rounded to the nearest decimal or significant digits in the specified limits.1.4.2 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车