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This specification covers the basic requirements and associated test methods for water-based corrosion protective zinc/aluminum dispersion inorganic basecoats, and optional sealers and topcoats for fasteners. The basecoat can contain chrome (C) or be non-chrome (NC). These coatings are applied to ferrous parts by conventional dip-spin, dip-drain, or spray methods, which can be handled through a cleaning, coating, and baking operation, and which are not adversely affected by baking temperatures up to 330 °C. The coatings are classified into six grades (Grades 1 to 6) according to the required minimum basecoat thickness, and when tested, shall conform accordingly to appearance, adhesion, corrosion resistance, blister, thread fit, and hydrogen embrittlement requirements. The coating process does not induce the possibility of internal hydrogen embrittlement provided that the fasteners have not been cleaned or pre-treated with an acid or phosphate. Alkaline cleaning or vapor degreasing is required along with shot blasting to remove rust or scale. In this specification, units are presented in the metric scale.1.1 This specification covers the basic requirements for water-based zinc/aluminum dispersion inorganic basecoats and optional sealers and topcoats for fasteners. The basecoat can contain chrome (C) or be non-chrome (NC).1.2 These coatings are applied by conventional dip-spin, dip-drain, or spray methods to ferrous parts which can be handled through a cleaning, coating, and baking operation, and which are not adversely affected by baking temperatures up to 330°C.1.3 The coating process does not induce the possibility of internal hydrogen embrittlement providing that the fasteners have not been cleaned or pre-treated with an acid or phosphate. Alkaline cleaning or vapor degreasing is required along with shot blasting to remove rust or scale.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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This specification covers the basic physical requirements and test methods for phosphate/oil and phosphate/organic corrosion protective coatings for fasteners such as nuts, clips, washers, and other ferrous threaded and non-threaded fasteners that require corrosion protection. The zinc phosphate treatment and subsequent protective coatings are classified into seven grades according to the following requirements: Grade 0A consists of a zinc phosphate coating with no additional sealer (dry); Grade 0B consists of a zinc phosphate coating with a dry organic sealer; Grades 0C, 0D, and I consist of a zinc phosphate coating with supplemental protective oil type compound; and Grades II and III consist of a zinc phosphate with a supplemental zinc-rich epoxy resin coating (with the addition of a clear organic topcoat for Grade II). These coatings may or may not have a decorative finish. The coatings shall meet the requirements specified for appearance, adhesion, corrosion resistance, coating flexibility, thread fit, and dry-to-touch characteristics. In addition, they shall also undergo humidity and coating thickness tests.1.1 This specification covers the basic requirements for six grades of corrosion protection for fasteners. Grade A consists of a heavy zinc phosphate coating with no additional sealer (dry), Grade B consists of a heavy zinc phosphate coating with a dry organic sealer, Grade C consists of a heavy zinc phosphate coating with supplemental dry-to-touch oil type compound, Grade D consists of a heavy zinc phosphate coating with supplemental protective oil type compound, Grade E consists of a grain-refined microcrystalline zinc phosphate with supplemental oil type compound, and Grade F consists of a manganese phosphate coating with supplemental oil type compound.1.2 This specification is intended primarily for fasteners such as nuts, clips, washers, and other ferrous threaded and non-threaded fasteners that require corrosion protection and lubrication.1.3 These coatings may or may not have a decorative finish.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers the requirements for hot-dip zinc coating applied to carbon steel and alloy steel bolts, screws, washers, nuts, and special threaded fasteners applied by the hot-dip coating process. The zinc used for the coating shall conform to the chemical composition required. The following tests shall be made to ensure that the zinc coating is being furnished in accordance with this specification: coating thickness; finish and appearance; embrittlement test; and adhesion test.1.1 This specification covers the requirements for hot-dip zinc coating applied to carbon steel and alloy steel bolts, screws, washers, nuts, and special threaded fasteners. It also provides for minor coating repairs. Nails and rivets are not included in this specification.1.2 It is intended to be applicable to fasteners that are centrifuged or otherwise handled to remove excess galvanizing bath metal (free zinc).1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers corrosion-resistant coating consisting of an inorganic aluminum particle-filled basecoat and an organic or inorganic topcoat. The basecoat is a water-dilutable slurry containing aluminum particles dispersed in a liquid binder of chromate/phosphate compounds. The organic topcoats consist of polymer resins and dispersed pigments. The inorganic topcoats consist of ceramic oxide pigments dispersed in a liquid binder of chromate/phosphate compounds. These coatings are applied by conventional dip/spin, dip/drain, or spray methods. The coating systems defined by this specification can be applied to ferrous alloy steels, aluminum, and ferritic and austenitic stainless steels. The inorganic aluminum particle-filled basecoat and the subsequent topcoats are classified into three groups, with subsequent subgroups. Materials shall be tested and the individual grades shall conform to specified values of appearance, adhesion, corrosion, thread-fit, weathering, coating thickness, and humidity.1.1 This specification covers the basic requirements for a corrosion-resistant coating consisting of an inorganic aluminum particle-filled basecoat and an organic or inorganic topcoat, depending on the specific requirements.1.2 The coating may be specified with basecoat only, or with the top coated with compatible organic polymer or inorganic topcoats, depending on the specific requirements.1.3 The basecoat is a water-dilutable slurry containing aluminum particles dispersed in a liquid binder of chromate/phosphate compounds.1.4 The organic topcoats consist of polymer resins and dispersed pigments and are for service where temperatures do not exceed 230 °C (450 °F).1.5 The inorganic topcoats consist of ceramic oxide pigments dispersed in a liquid binder of chromate/phosphate compounds and are for service where temperatures do not exceed 645 °C (1200 °F).1.6 These coatings are applied by conventional dip/spin, dip/drain, or spray methods.1.7 The coating process does not normally induce hydrogen embrittlement, provided that the parts to be coated have not been subjected to an acid cleaner or pretreatment (see Note 1).NOTE 1: Although this coating material contains water, it has a relatively low susceptibility to inducing hydrogen embrittlement in steel parts of tensile strengths equal to or greater than 1000 MPa (approximately RC31). Normal precautions for preparing, descaling, and cleaning steels of these tensile strengths must be observed. An initial stress relief treatment should be considered prior to any chemical treatment or cleaning operation. Acids or other treatments that evolve hydrogen should be avoided. Mechanical cleaning methods may be considered. Some steels are more susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement than others and may also require hydrogen embrittlement relief baking after cleaning but before coating. Since no process can completely guarantee freedom from embrittlement, careful consideration must be given to the entire coating process and the specific steel alloy employed.1.8 The coating systems defined by this specification can be applied to ferrous alloy steels, aluminum, and ferritic and austenitic stainless steels.1.9 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.10 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for protective zinc coatings (hereinafter referred to as the coatings) to be applied by the thermo-diffusion coating (TDC) method, to various products made of carbon steel, including low and high tensile parts as well as of wrought iron, iron and steel castings, sintered iron steel-powder, and various steel and stainless alloys. TDC is a dry coating process carried out by immersing the parts in a zinc or zinc alloy powder at elevated temperature for a period of time, causing a metallurgical diffusion process of zinc and iron. Further processing may be added, such as passivation, topcoat application, paint application, etc.1.2 This specification is applicable to orders in either inch-pound units (as A1059) or in SI units (as A1059M). Inch-pound units and SI units are not necessarily exact equivalents. Within the text of this specification and where appropriate, SI units are shown in brackets. Each system shall be used independently of the other without combining values in any way. In the case of orders in SI units, all testing and inspection shall be done using the metric equivalent of the test or inspection method as appropriate. In the case of orders in inch-pound units, such shall be stated to the applicator when the order is placed.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价: 590元 / 折扣价: 502 加购物车

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This specification covers the requirements for zinc coatings applied by the hot-dip coating technique onto carbon and alloy steel bolts, screws, washers, nuts, and special threaded fasteners that are centrifuged or otherwise handled to remove excess galvanizing bath metal (free zinc). Nails and rivets are not addressed in this specification. Appropriately sampled specimens shall be tested, and conform accordingly to specified requirements for chemical composition, coating thickness, finish and appearance, embrittlement, and adhesion.1.1 This specification covers the requirements for hot-dip zinc coating applied to carbon steel and alloy steel bolts, screws, washers, nuts, and special threaded fasteners applied by the hot-dip coating process that are manufactured in SI units (metric). Nails and rivets are not included in this specification.Note 1—This specification is the metric companion of Specification F 2329.1.2 This specification is intended to be applicable to fasteners that are centrifuged or otherwise handled to remove excess galvanizing bath metal (free zinc).1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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5.1 Both test methods are considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of garments with prong-ring type snap fasteners.5.1.1 In case of dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance of commercial shipment, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using appropriate statistical analysis and an acceptable probability level chosen by the parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either the cause must be determined and corrected, or the purchaser and supplier must agree to interpret future test results with consideration to the known bias.5.2 Comparison of results from test equipment operating on different principles is not recommended. In cases of conflict between the test results achieved with manual test equipment (Option 2) and motorized CRE (constant rate of extension) tensile testing machine (Option 1), the results from the motorized equipment shall take precedence.5.3 This test method may be used to determine the compatibility of prong-ring type snap fasteners and fabrics for use in apparel. In which case, the fasteners are attached to the fabric in the manner in which they will be used and the combined units tested. See Annex A1.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the holding strength of a prong-ring to the socket or stud of a snap fastener using a tensile testing machine (Option 1) or a manual test stand and force-measuring gage (Option 2).1.2 This test method is applicable to prong-ring type snap fasteners in garments or to be attached to fabrics intended for use in apparel (see Annex A1).1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in parentheses. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价: 590元 / 折扣价: 502 加购物车

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5.1 This test method gives a measure of a key property of hook and loop touch fasteners which is of interest to users of such devices. This is a means of determining the resistance to separation when forces are applied parallel to the plane of the fastener.5.2 In the case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogenous as possible and which are from a lot of hook and loop of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student’s t-test and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing began. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of the known bias.1.1 This test method measures the shear strength of hook and loop touch (CRE) fasteners using a recording constant rate of extension tensile testing machine.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F3393-20e1 Zinc-Flake Coating Systems for Fasteners Active 发布日期 :  1970-01-01 实施日期 : 

1.1 Zinc-flake coating systems are fluid dispersions of zinc-flakes, sometimes with the addition of aluminum flakes, which are non-electrolytically applied to steel substrates. The zinc-flake coating system shall be supplied without hexavalent chromium and can be water based or solvent based systems. Cohesion among the zinc-flakes and adhesion to the steel substrate is achieved through a matrix that is formed during the curing process.1.2 This specification covers the classification, performance, and basic requirements for non-electrolytically applied zinc-flake coatings on unified inch and metric series threaded fasteners with minimum nominal diameters of 0.250 in. for inch series and 6 mm for metric.1.3 This standard is a consolidation and replacement of three ASTM standards: Specifications F1136/F1136M, F2833, and F3019/F3019M.1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 This test method gives a measure of a key property of hook and loop touch fasteners which is of interest to users of such devices. This is a means of determining the resistance to separation when forces are applied normal to the line of separation of the fastener.3.2 The force registered in a peel test is irregular, and as a consequence, empirical methods have had to be developed to obtain usable values related to peel strength. In spite of the empirical nature of the reported values, it is believed they reflect comparative performance of similar touch fasteners tested and measured in the same way.3.3 Two optional methods of calculation are provided: integrator average and average of five highest peaks. These test methods are not equivalent. Generally, the integrator average will be lower than the average of the five highest peaks.3.4 The highest peaks which reflect the force required to separate a hook and loop closure bear no simple relationship to the average force (integrator average). The average of the five highest peaks better reflect performance but the integrator results may be used to characterize a closure and for quality control purposes. The integrator average is relatively easy to calculate given the proper equipment.3.5 In the case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogenous as possible and which are from a lot of hook and loop of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student’s t-test and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing began. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of the known bias.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the peel strength of hook and loop touch fasteners using a recording constant-rate-of-extension tensile testing machine (CRE).1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This guide covers test procedures for performing accelerated tests to evaluate relative corrosion resistance of various coatings applied to mechanical fasteners. Corrosion mechanisms such as general and crevice corrosion may be evaluated with this method. Test duration may be selected to achieve any desired level of corrosion exposure and provides a frame of reference to determine relative coating resistance to corrosion. Fasteners tightened to a desired tension and subjected to this test procedure may be evaluated to simulate a variety of service conditions. Without large amounts of accumulated field results, it is difficult to relate test duration or the number of test cycles to actual service life for a given application.1.1 This guide covers test procedures for performing accelerated tests to evaluate relative corrosion resistance of various coatings applied to mechanical fasteners. Corrosion mechanisms such as general and crevice corrosion may be evaluated with this method. Test duration may be selected to achieve any desired level of corrosion exposure and provides a frame of reference to determine relative coating resistance to corrosion. Fasteners tightened to a desired tension and subjected to this test procedure may be evaluated to simulate a variety of service conditions. Without large amounts of accumulated field results, it is difficult to relate test duration or the number of test cycles to actual service life for a given application.1.2 This standard is not intended to cover tests of driven fasteners such as nails, staples, screws and lag bolts.1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The use of this test method can significantly reduce the risk of sudden catastrophic failure of threaded articles and fasteners, below their design strength, due to hydrogen embrittlement.1.1 This test method covers the determination of, on a statistical basis, the probability of the existence of hydrogen embrittlement or degradation in:1.1.1 A batch of barrel electroplated, autocatalytic plated, phosphated, or chemically processed threaded articles or fasteners and1.1.2 A batch of rack plated threaded articles, fasteners, or rod.1.2 Industrial practice for threaded articles, fasteners, and rod has evolved three graduated levels of test exposure to ensure reduced risk of hydrogen embrittlement (see Section 3). These levels have evolved from commercial applications having varying levels of criticality. In essence, they represent the confidence level that is required. They also represent the time that finished goods are held before they can be shipped and used. This time equates to additional cost to the manufacturer that may of necessity be added to the cost of the finished goods.1.3 This test method is applicable to threaded articles, fasteners, and rod made from steel with ≥1000 MPa (with corresponding hardness values of 300 HV10 kgf, 303 HB, or 31 HRc) or surface hardened threaded articles, fasteners, or rod.1.4 This test method shall be carried out after hydrogen embrittlement relief heat treatment in accordance with the requirements of Guide B850. It may also be used for assessing differences in processing solutions, conditions, and techniques. This test method has two main functions: first, when used with a statistical sampling plan it can be used for lot acceptance or rejection, and second, it can be used as a control test to determine the effectiveness of the various processing steps including pre- and post-baking treatments to reduce the mobile hydrogen in the articles, fasteners, or rod. While this test method is capable of indicating those items that are embrittled to the extent defined in Section 3, it does not guarantee complete freedom from embrittlement.1.5 This test method does not relieve the processor from imposing and monitoring suitable process control.1.6 This test method has been coordinated with ISO/DIS 10587 and is technically equivalent. (Warning—Great care should be taken when applying this test method. The heads of embrittled articles, fasteners, or rod may suddenly break off and become flying projectiles capable of causing blindness or other serious injury. This hazard can occur as long as 200 h after the test has started. Hence, shields or other apparatus should be provided to avoid such injury.)Note 1—Test Method F1940 can be used as a process control and verification to prevent hydrogen embrittlement in fasteners covered by this test method.Note 2—The use of inhibitors in acid pickling baths does not necessarily guarantee avoidance of hydrogen embrittlement.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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This specification covers nails, spikes, staples, and other fasteners driven by hand tool, power tool, or mechanical device in single or multiple strikes and are positioned by hand, tool, or machine. The driven fasteners are classified as type I: nails (NL); type II: cut nails (CN); type III: spikes (SP); and type IV: staples (ST). Materials shall be tested and the individual types shall conform to the material requirements and physical properties, such as ductility, tensile strength. Protective coating and finishes are also detailed.1.1 This specification covers nails, spikes, staples, and other driven fasteners, as listed in Table 1.NOTE 1: Fastener ductility information is presented in Table 2 and dimensional information in Tables 3–63.1.2 Fasteners described in this specification are driven by hand tool, power tool, or mechanical device in single or multiple strikes and are positioned by hand, tool, or machine.1.3 This specification is applicable in either inch-pounds (F1667) or SI units [F1667M]. Values stated in SI are a mathematical conversion to two significant digits and are shown in brackets [ ].1.4 Fasteners in this specification are sold in bulk (loose) form and are collated for loading into the magazine of an application tool. Other than as covered in Section 9, Workmanship, cohering materials (including, but not limited to, plastic, adhesive bond, paper tape, plastic strip, plastic carrier, wire, etc.) and relative orientation of collated fasteners are not within the scope of this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers the requirements for two types (Types 8.8 and 10.9) of compressible-washer-type direct tension indicators, in nominal diameter sizes M16 through M36, capable of indicating the achievement of a specified minimum bolt tension in a structural bolt and are intended for installation under either a bolt head or a hardened washer. Steel materials used in the manufacture of direct tension indicators shall be designed, processed, and protectively coated as specified. The direct tension indicators shall conform to required chemical composition, compression load, outside diameter, number of protrusions, thickness values, inside diameter, and protrusion tangential diameter values. 1.1 This specification covers the requirements for compressible-washer-type direct tension indicators capable of indicating the achievement of a specified minimum bolt tension in a structural bolt. 1.2 Two types of direct tension indicators in nominal diameter sizes M16 through M36 are covered: 1.2.1 Type 8.8—direct tension indicators for use with Specification A325M bolts, and 1.2.2 Type 10.9—direct tension indicators for use with Specification A490M bolts. 1.3 Direct tension indicators are intended for installation under either a bolt head or a hardened washer. (See Research Council on Structural Connections: Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A325 or A490 Bolts.) 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test methods portions, Section 12, and Appendix X1 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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