This PDF includes GI #2. 1. Scope 1.1 This Standard applies to plugs, receptacles, power inlets and outlets, connectors, and similar wiring devices intended for use in electronic and electrical applications as follows (see Figure 1): (a) Type 0 rat

定价： 455元 / 折扣价： 387 元

5.1 Measurement results from this test method assists in demonstrating regulatory compliance in such areas as safeguards SNM inventory control, criticality control, waste disposal, and decontamination and decommissioning (D&D). This test method can apply to the measurement of holdup in process equipment or discrete items whose gamma-ray absorption properties may be measured or estimated. This method may be adequate to accurately measure items with complex distributions of radioactive and attenuating material, however, the results are subject to larger measurement uncertainties than measurements of less complex distributions of radioactive material.5.2 Scan—A scan is used to provide a qualitative indication of the extent, location, and the relative quantity of holdup. It can be used to plan or supplement the quantitative measurements.5.3 Nuclide Mapping—Nuclide mapping measures the relative isotopic composition of the holdup at specific locations. It can also be used to detect the presence of radionuclides that emit radiation which could interfere with the assay. Nuclide mapping is best performed using a high resolution detector (such as HPGe) for best nuclide and interference detection. If the holdup is not isotopically homogeneous at the measurement location, that measured isotopic composition will not be a reliable estimate of the bulk isotopic composition.5.4 Quantitative Measurements—These measurements result in quantification of the mass of the measured nuclides in the holdup. They include all the corrections, such as attenuation, and descriptive information, such as isotopic composition, that are available5.4.1 High quality results require detailed knowledge of radiation sources and detectors, transmission of radiation, calibration, facility operations and error analysis. Judicious use of subject matter experts is required (Guide C1490).5.5 Holdup Monitoring—Periodic re-measurement of holdup at a defined point using the same technique and assumptions can be used to detect or track relative changes in the holdup quantity at that point over time. Either a qualitative or a quantitative method can be used.5.6 Indirect Measurements—Quantity of a radionuclide can be determined by measurement of a daughter radionuclide or of a second radionuclide if the ratio of the abundances of the two radionuclides is known and secular equilibrium (Terminology C1673) is present. This can be used when there are interfering gamma rays or when the parent radionuclide does not have a sufficiently strong gamma-ray signal to be readily measured. If this method is employed, it is important that the ratio of the two radionuclides be known with sufficient accuracy to meet assay uncertainty goals.5.7 Mathematical Modeling—Modeling is an aid in the evaluation of complex measurement situations. Measurement data are used with a mathematical model describing the physical location of equipment and materials. (3, 5, 6, 7, 8) .1.1 This test method describes gamma-ray methods used to nondestructively measure the quantity of 235U or  239Pu present as holdup in nuclear facilities. Holdup may occur in any facility where nuclear material is processed, in process equipment, in exhaust ventilation systems and in building walls and floors.1.2 This test method includes information useful for management, planning, selection of equipment, consideration of interferences, measurement program definition, and the utilization of resources (1, 2, 3, 4) .21.3 The measurement of nuclear material hold up in process equipment requires a scientific knowledge of radiation sources and detectors, transmission of radiation, calibration, facility operations and uncertainty analysis. It is subject to the constraints of the facility, management, budget, and schedule; plus health and safety requirements. The measurement process includes defining measurement uncertainties and is sensitive to the form and distribution of the material, various backgrounds, and interferences. The work includes investigation of material distributions within a facility, which could include potentially large holdup surface areas. Nuclear material held up in pipes, ductwork, gloveboxes, and heavy equipment, is usually distributed in a diffuse and irregular manner. It is difficult to define the measurement geometry, to identify the form of the material, and to measure it without interference from adjacent sources of radiation.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers the requirements for hot-dip zinc coating applied to carbon steel and alloy steel bolts, screws, washers, nuts, and special threaded fasteners applied by the hot-dip coating process. The zinc used for the coating shall conform to the chemical composition required. The following tests shall be made to ensure that the zinc coating is being furnished in accordance with this specification: coating thickness; finish and appearance; embrittlement test; and adhesion test.1.1 This specification covers the requirements for hot-dip zinc coating applied to carbon steel and alloy steel bolts, screws, washers, nuts, and special threaded fasteners. It also provides for minor coating repairs. Nails and rivets are not included in this specification.1.2 It is intended to be applicable to fasteners that are centrifuged or otherwise handled to remove excess galvanizing bath metal (free zinc).1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 481元 / 折扣价： 409 元 加购物车

4.1 Each Facility Rating Scale in this classification provides a means for estimating the level of serviceability of a building or facility for one topic of serviceability, and for comparing that level against the level of any other building or facility.4.2 This classification can be used for comparing how well different buildings or facilities meet a particular requirement for serviceability. It is applicable despite differences such as location, structure, mechanical systems, age, and building shape.4.3 This classification can be used to estimate the amount of variance of serviceability from target or from requirement, for a single office facility, or within a group of office facilities.4.4 This classification can be used to estimate the following: (1) serviceability of an existing facility for uses other than its present use; (2) the serviceability (potential) of a facility that has been planned but not yet built; and (3) the serviceability (potential) of a facility for which a remodelling has been planned.4.5 The use of this classification does not result in building evaluation or diagnosis. Building evaluation or diagnosis generally requires special expertise in building engineering or technology and the use of instruments, tools, or measurements.4.6 This classification applies only to facilities that are building constructions or parts thereof. (While this classification may be useful in rating the serviceability of facilities that are not building constructions, such facilities are outside the scope of this classification.)4.7 This classification is not intended for, and is not suitable for, use for regulatory purposes, nor for fire hazard assessment nor for fire risk assessment.1.1 This classification covers pairs of scales for classifying an aspect of the serviceability of an office facility, that is, the capability of an office facility to meet certain possible requirements for special facilities and technologies.1.2 Each pair of scales, shown in Figs. 1-4, is for classifying one topic of serviceability. Each paragraph in an Occupant Requirement Scale (DEMAND Scale see Figs. 1-4) summarizes one level of requirement for serviceability on which occupants might require. The matching paragraph in the Facility Rating Scale (SUPPLY Scale see Figs. 1-4) is an interpretation of the requirement into a description of certain features of a facility which, taken in combination, indicate that the facility is likely to meet that level of required serviceability.FIG. 1 Demand Scale A.13.1 for Group or Shared Conference CenterFIG. 1 Supply Scale A.13.1 for Group or Shared Conference Center (continued)FIG. 2 Demand Scale A.13.2 for Video Conferencing ProvisionFIG. 2 Supply Scale A.13.2 for Video Conferencing Provision (continued)FIG. 3 Demand Scale A.13.3 for Simultaneous InterpretationFIG. 3 Supply Scale A.13.3 for Simultaneous Interpretation (continued)FIG. 4 Demand Scale A.13.4 for Satellite and Microwave LinksFIG. 4 Supply Scale A.13.4 for Satellite and Microwave Links (continued)FIG. 5 Demand and Supply Scales A.13.5 for Telecommunications Center1.3 The entries in the Facility Rating Scale (See Figs. 1-4) are indicative and not comprehensive. They are for quick scanning, to estimate approximately, quickly, and economically, how well an office facility is likely to meet the needs of one or another type of occupant group over time. The entries are not for measuring, knowing, and evaluating how an office facility is performing.1.4 This classification can be used to estimate the level of serviceability of an existing facility. It can also be used to estimate the serviceability of a facility that has been planned but not yet built, such as one for which single-line drawings and outline specifications have been prepared.1.5 This classification indicates what would cause a facility to be rated at a certain level of serviceability, but it does not state how to conduct a serviceability rating nor how to assign a serviceability score. That information is found in Practice E1679. The scales in this classification are complementary to and compatible with Practice E1679. Each requires the other.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 This practice provides basic criteria for the development and operation of a certification body, the development and operation of a certification program, and the development and use of customary mechanisms to evaluate a candidate’s knowledge, skill, and ability.4.2 The basic criteria provided by this practice are intended to be supplemented by more specific criteria serving the requirements of the certification body.4.3 The certification body and its program, accredited according to the requirements of ANSI/ISO/IEC 17024 and this practice, shall be considered as having met the full intent of this practice.1.1 This practice provides supplemental requirements to those of ANSI/ISO/IEC 17024 for bodies that certify personnel engaged in inspection and testing of construction activities and materials used in construction, including Special Inspection. ANSI/ISO/IEC 17024 provides generic requirements that can be adapted to any discipline where assurance that certified individual meets the requirements of the certification scheme. Therefore, certification bodies certifying personnel engaged in inspection and testing of construction activities and materials used in construction, including Special Inspection, must meet the requirements of this practice and ANSI/ISO/IEC 17024.1.2 This practice may be used as a reference by:1.2.1 Developers of standards requiring personnel certification in inspection and testing of construction activities and materials used in construction, including Special Inspection, as a reference to harmonize terminology and reduce confusion among users;1.2.2 Personnel certification bodies that establish criteria and certify construction inspection, construction testing, and Special Inspection agency personnel against specific requirements,1.2.3 Accreditation bodies that accredit certification bodies, and1.2.4 Users and specifiers as a reference when requiring personnel certification.1.3 This practice follows the format of ANSI/ISO/IEC 17024 and provides additional requirements where needed.1.4 Certification may be specific to a single test or inspection method or practice or a grouping or collection of methods or practices (any such method, code, or practice being hereinafter referred to as “method,” or collectively as “methods”).1.5 Personnel certification is an important aspect of the quality system of agencies engaged in inspection and testing of construction activities and materials used in construction, including Special Inspection. Certification of personnel is required to meet the personnel qualifications of Practice E329.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers standards for hot-wrought, special quality microalloyed carbon steel bars intended for use in applications where as-rolled mechanical properties are desired. A typical end use includes hydraulic cylinder shafts. The typical chemical composition of microalloyed carbon steel shall contain carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, and vanadium. Heat and product analyses shall be conducted wherein the material shall conform to the required chemical composition for vanadium, columbium (niobium), and molybdenum. The elements and specified chemical ranges shall not exceed the required limits. The steel bars shall undergo tension test and conform to the mechanical property requirements such as yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation.1.1 This specification covers hot-wrought, special quality microalloyed carbon steel bars intended for use in applications where as-rolled mechanical properties are desired. A typical end use is hydraulic cylinder shafts.1.2 The bars shall be furnished to chemical composition and mechanical properties as provided herein. Chemical composition is based on standard carbon steel grades modified to include microalloying elements such as columbium (niobium), vanadium, or molybdenum. Three strength classes are available, designated 75 [520], 80 [550], and 100 [690], corresponding to the minimum yield strength in ksi.1.3 Sections and sizes of bar steels available are covered in Specification A29/A29M.1.4 Supplementary Requirements S1 to S5 are provided for use when additional controls or requirements are desired. These shall apply only when specified on the purchase order.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.6 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers hot-wrought, special quality microalloyed carbon steel bars intended for use as hot forging stock. The bars shall be hot-wrought, as-wrought, unless thermal treatment is necessary to ensure cold shearability. The steel specimens shall be killed and shall conform to the fine grain size requirement. Heat analysis and product analysis shall be performed wherein the specimens shall conform to the required chemical compositions of vanadium, columbium, and molybdenum.1.1 This specification covers hot-wrought, special quality microalloyed carbon steel bars intended for use as hot forging stock. The bars shall be hot-wrought, as-wrought, unless thermal treatment is necessary to ensure cold shearability.1.2 The bars shall be furnished to chemical composition only. Chemical composition is based on standard carbon steel grades modified to include microalloying elements such as columbium (niobium), vanadium, or molybdenum. Desired mechanical properties are developed in the subsequent hot forging and controlled cooling operations.1.3 Sections and sizes of bar steel available are covered in Specification A29/A29M.1.4 Supplementary Requirements S1 to S6 are provided for use when additional controls or requirements are desired. These shall apply only when specified on the purchase order.1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text and tables, SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.6 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

SNM monitors are an efficient and sensitive means of unobtrusively (without a body search) meeting the requirements of 10 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations) Part 73 or DOE Order 5632.4 (May 1986) that individuals exiting nuclear material access areas (MAAs) be searched for concealed SNM. The monitors sense radiation emitted by SNM, which is an excellent but otherwise imperceptible clue to the presence of the material. Because the monitors operate in a natural radiation environment and must detect small intensity increases as clues, the monitors must be well designed and maintained to operate without unnecessary nuisance alarms. This guide provides information on different types of monitors for searching pedestrians and vehicles. Each monitor has an inherent sensitivity at a particular nuisance alarm rate that must be low enough to maintain the monitor’credibility. Sensitivity and nuisance alarm rates are both governed by the alarm threshold so it is very important that corresponding values for both be known when measured, estimated, or specified values are discussed. Fitting SNM monitors into a facility physical protection plan must not only consider adequate sensitivity but also a sufficiently low nuisance alarm rate.1.1 This guide briefly describes the state-of-the-art of radiation monitors for detecting special nuclear material (SNM) (see 3.1.11) in order to establish the context in which to write performance standards for the monitors. This guide extracts information from technical documentation to provide information for selecting, calibrating, testing, and operating such radiation monitors when they are used for the control and protection of SNM. This guide offers an unobtrusive means of searching pedestrians, packages, and motor vehicles for concealed SNM as one part of a nuclear material control or security plan for nuclear materials. The radiation monitors can provide an efficient, sensitive, and reliable means of detecting the theft of small quantities of SNM while maintaining a low likelihood of nuisance alarms. 1.2 Dependable operation of SNM radiation monitors rests on selecting appropriate monitors for the task, operating them in a hospitable environment, and conducting an effective program to test, calibrate, and maintain them. Effective operation also requires training in the use of monitors for the security inspectors who attend them. Training is particularly important for hand-held monitoring where the inspector plays an important role in the search by scanning the instrument over pedestrians and packages or throughout a motor vehicle. 1.3 SNM radiation monitors are commercially available in three forms: 1.3.1 Small Hand-Held Monitors—These monitors may be used by an inspector to manually search pedestrians and vehicles that stop for inspection. 1.3.2 Automatic Pedestrian Monitors—These monitors are doorway or portal monitors that search pedestrians in motion as they pass between radiation detectors, or wait-in monitoring booths that make extended measurements to search pedestrians while they stop to obtain exit clearance. 1.3.3 Automatic Vehicle Monitors—These monitors are portals that monitor vehicles as they pass between radiation detectors, or vehicle monitoring stations that make extended measurements to search vehicles while they stop to obtain exit clearance. 1.4 Guidance for applying SNM monitors is available as Atomic Energy Commission/Nuclear Regulatory Commission (AEC/NRC) regulatory guides, AEC/ERDA/DOE performance standards, and more recently as handbooks and applications guides published by national laboratories under DOE sponsorship. This broad information base covering the pertinent physics, engineering practice, and equipment available for monitoring has had no automatic mechanism for periodic review and revision. This ASTM series of guides and standards will consolidate the information in a form that is reexamined and updated on a fixed schedule. 1.5 Up-to-date information on monitoring allows both nuclear facilities and regulatory agencies to be aware of the current range of monitoring alternatives. Up-to-date information also allows manufacturers to be aware of the current goals of facilities and regulators, for example, to obtain particular sensitivities at a low nuisance alarm rate with instrumentation that is dependable and easy to maintain. 1.6 This guide updates and expands the scope of NRC regulatory guides and AEC/ERDA/DOE SNM monitor performance standards using the listed publications as a technical basis. 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.8 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

This specification covers the material, manufacturing, and specialized property requirements for producing special-purpose aviation distillate test fuels that are intended only for engineering and certification testing of aircraft, engines, and aircraft equipment. It deals with special-purpose test fuels that may be used to evaluate the operability, performance and durability of aviation compression-ignition engines when operating with fuels of marginal performance. Aviation distillate fuel, except as otherwise specified in this specification, shall consist predominantly of refined hydrocarbons derived from conventional sources such as crude oil, natural gas liquid condensates, heavy oil, shale oil, and oil sands. The use of middle distillate fuel blends containing components from other sources is permitted. This specification also lists acceptable additives for aviation distillate special-purpose test fuels. Use of this specification for engineering and certification testing of aircraft is not mandatory. It is directed at civil applications, and maintained as such, but may be adopted for military, government, or other specialized uses.1.1 This specification is intended to support purchasing agencies when formulating specifications for purchases of aviation distillate fuel under contract.1.2 This specification defines specialized property requirements to produce special-purpose aviation distillate test fuels that are intended only for engineering and certification testing of aircraft, engines, and aircraft equipment. Use of this specification for engineering and certification testing of aircraft is not mandatory. Its use is at the discretion of the aircraft manufacturer, engine manufacturer, or certification authorities when determining criteria for validation of aircraft equipment design.1.3 This specification defines special-purpose test fuels that may be used to evaluate the operability, performance and durability of aviation compression-ignition engines when operating with fuels of marginal performance. The aviation distillate test fuels defined in this specification are not intended for general purpose use in aircraft. This specification also lists acceptable additives for aviation distillate special-purpose test fuels.1.4 Specification D8147 is directed at civil applications, and maintained as such, but may be adopted for military, government, or other specialized uses.1.5 This specification can be used as a standard in describing the quality of aviation distillate fuel from production to the aircraft. However, this specification does not define the quality assurance testing and procedures necessary to ensure that fuel continues to comply with this specification after batch certification.1.6 This specification does not include all fuels satisfactory for aviation compression-ignition (CI) engines.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.7.1 Exception—Other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This guide covers standard specification for hot-wrought special quality carbon steel bars and bar size shapes produced to mechanical property requirements and intended for general constructional applications. Heat analysis shall be performed wherein the material shall conform to the required chemical composition for phosphorus, sulfur, copper, and lead. The steel shall meet the required tensile properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. The test specimen shall undergo mechanical tests such as tension test and bend test.1.1 This specification2 covers hot-wrought special quality carbon steel bars and bar size shapes produced to mechanical property requirements and intended for general constructional applications.1.2 The bars are available in nine strength grades designated 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, and 90 [310, 345, 380, 415, 450, 485, 515, 550, and 620] corresponding to the minimum ultimate tensile strength in ksi [MPa]. The chemical composition is selected by the manufacturer to develop the required mechanical properties.1.3 Hot-wrought special quality carbon steel bars subject to mechanical property requirements are hot wrought in straight lengths only. Sections and sizes available are covered in Specification A29/A29M.1.4 Some applications may require one or more of the available designations shown under Supplementary Requirements.NOTE 1: Merchant-quality hot-wrought carbon steel bars subject to mechanical property requirements are covered in Specification A663/A663M.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers special engineered fittings, appurtenances or valves for use in poly(vinyl chloride) or chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) pipe and tubing systems. Fittings or appurtenances covered by this specification are generally either molded, fabricated, or assembled from molded or machined components. The materials used in components include rigid thermoplastics, thermoplastic elastomers, elastomerics, and metals. Seal dimensions shall be in accordance with the standard design dimensions and tolerances and shall be designed in such a manner as to provide adequate compressive force against mating parts after assembly. Solvent-weld, threaded, flange, and spigot connections shall also meet the requirements for bolt patterns, average outside diameter, out-of-plane roundness, and minimum wall thickness of the corresponding pipe. Hydrostatic internal pressure tests shall be performed on valves, check valves, and blind flanges to verify compliance with hydrostatic pressure resistance, leakage resistance, joint tightness, and activation pressure requirements.1.1 This specification covers fittings, appurtenances and valves which are to be used with pipe and tubing complying with Specifications D1785, D2241, D2846/D2846M, F441/F441M or F442/F442M, or other piping as specified by the fittings manufacturer. These products, such as unions, flanges or valves, are not included in the scope of existing ASTM specifications. This specification includes minimum requirements for testing, materials, dimensions, workmanship, marking, and in-plant quality control.1.2 Fittings or appurtenances covered by this specification are generally either molded, fabricated, or assembled from molded or machined components. The materials used in components include rigid thermoplastics, thermoplastic elastomers, elastomerics, and metals. The body or main portion of the fitting, appurtenance or valve is typically PVC, CPVC, PE or PA (nylon). All products covered by this standard are intended to be used in PVC or CPVC plastic piping systems, or as a transition from these to metal systems.1.3 The application of these products to gas service is beyond the scope of this specification.1.4 The products covered by this specification are intended for use with the distribution of pressurized liquids only, which are chemically compatible with the piping materials. Due to inherent hazards associated with testing components and systems with compressed air or other compressed gases some manufacturers do not allow pneumatic testing of their products. Consult with specific product/component manufacturers for their specific testing procedures prior to pneumatic testing.NOTE 1: Warning: Pressurized (compressed) air or other compressed gases contain large amounts of stored energy which present serious safety which present serious safety hazards should a system fail for any reason.1.5 Fittings which rely on heat fusion welding for connection to the piping system are outside the scope of this specification.1.6 Check valves (including foot valves) covered by this specification shall not be considered backflow prevention devices and shall not be used for the protection of a potable water supply. For definitions and requirements of backflow prevention devices, consult model plumbing codes and ASSE.21.7 Due to the complex and installation-specific concerns surrounding chemical resistance and corrosion, this specification does not address the compatibility of the products with all possible end-use environments. Additional testing specific to the end-use environment is recommended if the system is conveying liquids other than potable water.1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.9 The following safety caveat applies only to the test methods and in-plant quality control portions, section of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

Update #2 was published as notification that this is now a National Standard of Canada This PDF includes Update #2 A440-00 Windows 1. Scope 1.1 This Standard applies to both fixed and operable windows that are factoryand intended for vertic

定价： 1001元 / 折扣价： 851 元

5.1 Segmented gamma-ray scanning provides a nondestructive means of measuring the nuclide content of scrap and waste where the specific nature of the matrix and the chemical form and relationship between the nuclide and matrix may be unknown.5.2 The procedure can serve as a diagnostic tool that provides a vertical profile of transmission and nuclide concentration within the item.5.3 Item preparation is generally limited to good waste/scrap segregation practices that produce relatively homogeneous items that are required for any successful waste/inventory management and assay scheme, regardless of the measurement method used. Also, process knowledge should be used, when available, as part of a waste management program to complement information on item parameters, container properties, and the appropriateness of calibration factors.5.4 To obtain the lowest detection levels, a two-pass assay should be used. The two-pass assay also reduces problems related to potential interferences between transmission peaks and assay peaks. For items with higher activities, a single-pass assay may be used to increase throughput.1.1 This test method covers the transmission-corrected nondestructive assay (NDA) of gamma-ray emitting special nuclear materials (SNMs), most commonly 235U, 239Pu, and 241Am, in low-density scrap or waste, packaged in cylindrical containers. The method can also be applied to NDA of other gamma-emitting nuclides including fission products. High-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy is used to detect and measure the nuclides of interest and to measure and correct for gamma-ray attenuation in a series of horizontal segments (collimated gamma detector views) of the container. Corrections are also made for counting losses occasioned by signal processing limitations (1-3).21.2 There are currently several systems in use or under development for determining the attenuation corrections for NDA of radioisotopic materials (4-8). A related technique, tomographic gamma-ray scanning (TGS), is not included in this test method (9, 10, 11).1.2.1 This test method will cover two implementations of the Segmented Gamma Scanning (SGS) procedure: (1) Isotope Specific (Mass) Calibration, the original SGS procedure, uses standards of known radionuclide masses to determine detector response in a mass versus corrected count rate calibration that applies only to those specific radionuclides for which it is calibrated, and (2) Efficiency Curve Calibration, an alternative method, typically uses non-SNM radionuclide sources to determine system detection efficiency vs. gamma energy and thereby calibrate for all gamma-emitting radionuclides of interest (12).1.2.1.1 Efficiency Curve Calibration, over the energy range for which the efficiency is defined, has the advantage of providing calibration for many gamma-emitting nuclides for which half-life and gamma emission intensity data are available.1.3 The assay technique may be applicable to loadings up to several hundred grams of nuclide in a 208-L [55-gal] drum, with more restricted ranges to be applicable depending on specific packaging and counting equipment considerations.1.4 Measured transmission values must be available for use in calculation of segment-specific attenuation corrections at the energies of analysis.1.5 A related method, SGS with calculated correction factors based on item content and density, is not included in this standard.1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 10.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

定价： 260元 / 折扣价： 221 元 加购物车