定价： 260元 / 折扣价： 221 元 加购物车

定价： 78元 / 折扣价： 67 元 加购物车

4.1 The term reference as employed in this practice implies that both the glass and the metal of the reference glass-metal seal will be a standard reference material such as those supplied for other physical tests by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, or a secondary reference material whose sealing characteristics have been determined by seals to a standard reference material (see NIST Special Publication 260).4 Until standard reference materials for seals are established by the NIST, secondary reference materials may be agreed upon between producer and user.51.1 This practice covers procedures for preparing and testing reference glass-to-metal bead-seals for determining the magnitude of thermal expansion (or contraction) mismatch between the glass and metal. Tests are in accordance with Test Method F218 (see Section 2).1.2 This practice applies to all glass-metal combinations, established or experimental, particularly those intended for electronic components.1.3 The practical limit of the test in devising mismatch is approximately 300 ppm, above which the glass is likely to fracture.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 The term “reference” as employed in this practice implies that either the glass or the metal of the reference glass-metal seal will be a “standard reference material” such as those supplied for other physical tests by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, or a secondary reference material whose sealing characteristics have been determined by seals to a standard reference material (see NBS Special Publication 260). Until standard reference materials for seals are established by the NIST, secondary reference materials may be agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser.1.1 This practice covers the preparation and testing of a reference glass-metal sandwich seal for determining stress in the glass or for determining the degree of thermal expansion (or contraction) mismatch between the glass and metal. Tests are in accordance with Test Method F218 (Section 2).1.2 This practice applies to all glass and metal (or alloy) combinations normally sealed together in the production of electronic components.1.3 The practical limit of the test in deriving mismatch is approximately 300 ppm, above which the glass is likely to fracture.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

3.1 This test method describes a destructive test procedure for measuring the degree of seal of the porosity in anodic oxide coatings. Low coating mass loss is an indication of good seal quality and of the ability of the coating to resist staining and “blooming” in many types of service.3.2 This test method is suitable for quality control purposes within manufacturing operations and for determining whether anodized parts meet seal quality requirements in applicable specifications.1.1 This test method covers a test for the quality of seal of porous anodic coatings on aluminum and its alloys. It is based upon the loss in mass of the coating after immersion in a warm phosphoric-chromic acid solution.1.2 This test method is applicable to anodic coatings intended for exposure to the weather, or for protective purposes in corrosive media, and where resistance to staining is important.1.3 This test method is not applicable to:1.3.1 Hard coatings, which normally are not sealed.1.3.2 Anodic coatings that have been sealed only in dichromate solutions.1.3.3 Anodic coatings that have undergone a treatment to render them hydrophobic.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method provides a means for readily determining if a ceramic is properly fired (matured). Penetration of any extent may negate the usefulness of the ceramic, or, arbitrarily, some degree of penetration may be acceptable for the use or commercial quality of the item being tested.1.1 This test method covers procedures for detecting pores, cracks, or other voids that may be present in otherwise impermeable whiteware ceramics, or as porosity in underfired ware.NOTE 1: This test method was partially derived from ANSI C29.1.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

3.1 The establishment of these test methods for municipal ferrous scrap as a raw material for certain industries (see Specification E702) will aid commerce in such scrap by providing the chemical and physical tests for the characterization of the scrap needed as a basis for communication between the purchaser and supplier.1.1 These test methods cover various tests for assessing the usefulness of a ferrous fraction recovered from municipal wastes.1.2 These test methods comprise both chemical and physical tests, as follows:  SectionSampling  5Bulk Density  6Total Combustibles  7Chemical Analysis (for Industries Other Than the Detinning Industry)  8Magnetic Fraction (for the Detinning Industry)  9Chemical Analysis for Tin (for the Detinning Industry) 10Metallic Yield for All Industries Other Than the Copper Industry and the Detinning Industry 111.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method is intended to provide a simple inexpensive means of generating conservative, comparative data on pullout strengths of various ties and anchors used with different types of masonry units and mortars. This test method is recommended for such use until economical, improved methods can be developed to simulate service conditions more inclusively.1.1 This test method provides procedures for determining the ability of individual masonry ties and anchors to resist extraction from a masonry mortar joint.1.2 Two laboratory testing procedures are provided for use with test specimens which consist of a masonry tie or anchor embedded in mortar between twin stack-bonded masonry units.1.2.1 Procedure A—For use with small (brick-size) masonry units.1.2.2 Procedure B—For use with large (block-size) masonry units.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

At this time none of these practices have been demonstrated to correlate with field service. Because these procedures do not restrict the selection of either the containment material or the fluid for testing, it is essential that consideration be given to the appropriate pairing of metal and fluid. Likewise, knowledge of the corrosion protection mechanism and the probable mode of failure of a particular metal is helpful in the selection of test conditions and the observation, interpretation, and reporting of test results. It is important that consideration be given to each of the permitted variables in test procedure so that the results will be meaningfully related to field performance. It is especially important that the time of testing selected be adequate to correctly measure the rate of corrosion of the containment material. Note 1—Corrosion, whether general or localized, is a time-dependent phenomenon. This time dependence can show substantial nonlinearity. For example, formation of a protective oxide will diminish corrosion with time, while certain forms of localized attack accelerate corrosion with time. The minimum time required for a test to provide a corrosion rate that can be extrapolated for the prediction of long-term performance varies widely, depending on the selection of metal and fluid, and on the form of corrosion attack. Therefore, it is not possible to establish a single minimum length of test applicable to all materials and conditions. However, it is recommended that for the tests described in these practices, a test period of no less than 6 months be used. Furthermore, it is recommended that the effect of time of testing be evaluated to detect any significant time dependence of corrosion attack. It is essential for the meaningful application of these procedures that the length of test be adequate to detect changes in the nature of the fluid that might significantly alter the corrosivity of the fluid. For example, exhaustion of chemical inhibitor or chemical breakdown of the fluid may occur after periods of months in selected cycles of operation. Note 2—Many fluids that may be considered for solar applications contain additives to minimize the corrosivity of the fluid. Many such additives are useful only within a specific concentration range, and some additives may actually accelerate corrosion if the concentration falls below a critical level. Depletion kinetics can be a strong function of the exposed metal surface area. Therefore, for tests involving fluids with such additives, consideration must be given to the ratio of metal surface area to fluid volume as it may relate to an operating system.1.1 These practices cover test procedures simulating field service for evaluating the performance under corrosive conditions of metallic containment materials in solar heating and cooling systems. All test results relate to the performance of the metallic containment material only as a part of a metal/fluid pair. Performance in these test procedures, taken by itself, does not necessarily constitute an adequate basis for acceptance or rejection of a particular metal/fluid pair in solar heating and cooling systems, either in general or in a particular design. 1.2 These practices describe test procedures used to evaluate the resistance to deterioration of metallic containment materials in the several conditions that may occur in operation of solar heating and cooling systems. These conditions include: (1) operating full flow; (2) stagnant empty vented; (3) stagnant, closed to atmosphere, non-draindown; and (4) stagnant, closed to atmosphere, draindown. 1.3 The recommended practices cover the following three tests: 1.3.1 Practice A—Laboratory Exposure Test for Coupon Specimens. 1.3.2 Practice B—Laboratory Exposure Test of Components or Subcomponents. 1.3.3 Practice C—Field Exposure Test of Components or Subcomponents. 1.4 Practice A provides a laboratory simulation of various operating conditions of solar heating and cooling systems. It utilizes coupon test specimens and does not provide for heating of the fluid by the containment material. Practice B provides a laboratory simulation of various operating conditions of a solar heating and cooling system utilizing a component or a simulated subcomponent construction, and does provide for heating of the fluid by the containment material. Practice C provides a field simulation of various operating conditions of solar heating and cooling systems utilizing a component or a simulated subcomponent construction. It utilizes controlled schedules of operation in a field test. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific safety precaution statement see Section 6.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

At this time, none of these tests has been demonstrated to correlate with field service. It is essential that consideration be given to the appropriate pairing of metal and fluid since these procedures do not restrict the selection of either the containment material or the fluid for testing. Likewise, knowledge of the corrosion protection mechanism and the probable mode of failure of a particular metal is helpful in the selection of test conditions and the observation, interpretation, and reporting of test results. The design of solar heating and cooling systems strongly affects the applicability of the results of the laboratory screening tests. Therefore, the results of these laboratory procedures should be confirmed by component and systems testing under actual or simulated service conditions. Table 1 is provided to assist in an orderly consideration of the important factors in testing. It is expected that the user of the test procedure will investigate a range of test times and temperatures for the containment material in a metal/fluid pair, and adjust the time and temperature of testing as necessary. Note 1—Corrosion, whether general or localized, is a time-dependent phenomenon. This time dependence can show substantial nonlinearity. For example, formation of a protective oxide will diminish corrosion with time, while certain forms of localized attack accelerate with time. The minimum time required for a test to provide a corrosion rate that can be extrapolated for the prediction of long-term performance varies widely, depending on the selection of metal and fluid, and on the form of corrosion attack. Therefore, it is not possible to establish a single minimum length of test applicable to all materials and conditions. However, it is recommended that for the tests described in this practice, a test period of no less than 30 days be used. Furthermore, it is recommended that the effect of time of testing be evaluated to detect any significant time dependence of corrosion attack. It is essential for the meaningful application of these procedures that the length of the test be adequate to detect changes in the nature of the fluid that might significantly alter the corrosivity of the fluid. For example, exhaustion of chemical inhibitor or chemical breakdown of the fluid may occur after periods of months in selected cycles of operation. Note 2—Many fluids that may be considered for solar applications contain additives to minimize the corrosivity of the fluid. Many such additives are useful only within a specific concentration range, and some additives may actually accelerate corrosion if the concentration falls below a critical level. Depletion kinetics can be a strong function of the exposed metal surface area. Therefore, for tests involving fluids with such additives, consideration must be given to the ratio of metal surface area to fluid volume as it may relate to an operating system. TABLE 1 Significant Variables in Evaluation of Containment Material/Heat Transfer Fluid PairsA Test AspectVariable TemperatureFlow Rate I.Operating Conditions of System: A. Operating, full flow B. Stagnant, fullnormal operating fluid boiling point without pressurization or no-flow temperature with pressurization normal operating convection C. Stagnant, partial fill D. Stagnant, emptysame as stagnant, full no-flow temperature convection not applicable II.Test Specimen Design A. flat metal couple B. metal couple with crevice C. dissimilar metal couple D. dissimilar metal couple with crevice III.Fluid TypeA. fluid intended for use in system B. fluid pretreated by thermal exposure or chemical contamination IV.Test CycleA. long time, constant temperature B. cycles of heating, holding, and cooling C. cycles of operating full flow, and stagnation D. cycles of wetting and drying A In this table, the subdivisions are not necessarily related in correspondence to their lettering.1.1 This practice covers several laboratory test procedures for evaluating corrosion performance of metallic containment materials under conditions similar to those that may occur in solar heating and cooling systems. All test results relate to the performance of the metallic containment material only as a part of a metal/fluid pair. Performance in these laboratory test procedures, taken by itself, does not necessarily constitute an adequate basis for acceptance or rejection of a particular metal/fluid pair in solar heating and cooling systems, either in general or in a particular design. This practice is not intended to preclude the use of other screening tests, particularly when those tests are designed to more closely simulate field service conditions. 1.2 This practice describes apparatus and procedures for several tests, any one or more of which may be used to evaluate the deterioration of the metallic containment material in a metal/fluid pair. The procedures are designed to permit simulation, heating, and cooling systems including (1) operating full flow, (2) stagnant full, (3) stagnant partial fill, and (4) stagnant empty. Particular attention should be directed to properly reflecting whether the system is open or closed to atmosphere. 1.3 This practice covers the following six tests: Practice ABasic Immersion Test at Atmospheric Pressure Practice BHeat-Rejecting Surface Test at Atmospheric Pressure Practice CHigh-Pressure Test Practice DRepeated Dip Dry Test at Atmospheric Pressure Practice ECrevice Test at Atmospheric Pressure Practice FTube Loop Test at Atmospheric Pressure 1.4 Practice A is concerned with the interaction of metal and fluid when both are at the same temperature with no heat transfer from one to the other. It is regarded as useful for plumbing, pumps, tanking, etc., but of less significance, taken by itself, for collector panels. Practices B and F are concerned with the deterioration of the metal when there is transfer of heat from the metal into the heat transfer fluid. These practices are especially applicable to the collector panel. Practice C permits a variety of tests but is especially useful in relation to systems that experience high temperatures, or are closed to the atmosphere. Practices D and E evaluate specific corrosion problems that may be associated with particular metal/fluid pairs and particular designs of systems and components. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

This specification covers the performance requirements for four types (Types IA, IB, IIA, and IIB) of unloaded and covered general-purpose gravity-convection and forced-circulation water baths ordinarily used in testing operations. The temperature within the bath chamber shall be controllable by an automatic device and, when examined by appropriate test methods, shall be uniform within the tolerances as to uniformity and time constant specified for the particular type of bath.1.1 This specification covers the performance requirements for general-purpose water baths ordinarily used in testing operations. It is applicable to gravity-convection and forced-circulation water baths operating in the range from 5 °C above ambient to 100 °C and having a water volume up to 100 L.1.2 This specification covers unloaded, covered water baths.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers the design and dimensional requirements for four types (Types I, II, III, and IV) of disposable bacteriological (Pasteur-type) nonvolumetric glass pipets suitable for replicate dispensing of drops of solutions and suspensions for laboratory purposes. The pipets shall be made of good quality, clear glass of either Type I, Class A or B (borosilicate), or Type II (soda lime). They shall be of a one-piece glass construction and each type shall correspondingly meet the requirements for overall length, body length, body outside diameter, body wall thickness, top-to-constriction distance, and tip inside diameter.1.1 This specification covers requirements for four types of glass disposable bacteriological (Pasteur type) nonvolumetric pipets suitable for replicate dispensing of drops of solutions and suspensions for laboratory purposes.FIG. 1 General Form of Glass Disposable Pasteur Pipets1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification describes the physical requirements and corresponding test methods for disposable glass blood sample capillary tubes for use in microhematocrit procedures. Covered here are two different types of capillary tubes, namely, Type I (coated with heparin), and Type II (uncoated). The tubes shall be fabricated from Type I, Class B borosilicate glass, or Type II soda lime glass. Conversely, the heparin used for coating Type I tubes shall be of ammonium salt isolated from the lungs or intestinal mucosa of beef or pork origin. The tubes shall conform to specified requirements for design, dimension, workmanship, color coding, and lot or control number. They should also pass the following tests for capillarity, fluidity, sheep plasma, positive and negative controls, human whole blood, heparin potency assay, and resistance to centrifugal force.1.1 This specification covers disposable glass blood sample capillary tubes for use in microhematocrit procedures.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This method covers a procedure for performing transverse bending tests on separately cast cylindrical test bars of gray cast iron. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the heavy element atom percent fission in irradiated uranium (U) fuel with initial plutonium (Pu) content from 0 to 50% from isotopic analyses of the fuel before and after irradiation (1,2). 1.2 The test method specifies the computational procedures for handling mass spectrometric analyses. Chemical separation procedures and mass spectrometer operation procedures are specified in Test Method E267. 1.3 The test method is applicable to thermal-reactor U and Pu fuels but does not apply to fuels containing thorium or U before irradiation. 1.4 The determination of burnup from changes in isotopic composition has several requirements that limit its usefulness and accuracy. The most obvious requirement is the availability of a pre-irradiation specimen which truly represents the sample to be analyzed. A second limiting requirement is the availability of correct neutron-spectrum-dependent reactor parameters, especially capture-to-fission ratios for U, Pu, and Pu. Finally, many additional factors implicitly assumed to be negligible in this treatment become significant at high exposures. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元