定价： 345元 / 折扣价： 294 元

定价： 819元 / 折扣价： 697 元

定价： 345元 / 折扣价： 294 元 加购物车

定价： 260元 / 折扣价： 221 元 加购物车

5.1 The dynamic interaction between the athlete and the synthetic turf surface affects the comfort and the performance of the athlete. Interaction with a surface that has low amounts of deformation and shock absorption allows the player to run fast and turn quickly, but has the potential to cause discomfort and damage to the lower extremity joints. Synthetic turf surfaces having high deformation have lower energy restitution. Less of the energy exerted by the athlete returns from the surface, possibly increasing the fatigue for the performing athlete.1.1 This test method specifies a method for measuring force reduction, vertical deformation, and energy restitution of synthetic turf surfaces.1.2 This method is used to characterize properties of synthetic turf systems including the turf fabric, infill material, and shock pad (if applicable).1.3 It can be used for characterizing synthetic turf systems in laboratory environment or in the field.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

3.1 This terminology is not intended to supersede the requirements of similar definitions in certain other documents, but is intended to provide a listing of terms that are in current widespread usage, and their context in relation to weathering.1.1 This terminology standard covers terms that relate to the durability testing of Nonmetallic Materials using natural and artificial weathering exposure techniques.1.2 It is the intent of this terminology standard to include those weathering terms in wide use in ASTM for which standard definitions appear desirable.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This practice determines the effects of actinic radiation, elevated temperature, and moisture on sealants and their constituents under controlled laboratory artificial weather test conditions.5.2 When conducting exposures in devices which use laboratory light sources, it is important to consider (1) how well the artificial test conditions will reproduce property changes and failure modes caused by end-use environments on the sealant being tested and (2) the stability ranking of sealants. Refer to Practice G151 for full cautionary guidance regarding laboratory weathering.5.3 Because of differences in the spectral power distributions of the exposure sources (xenon arc, fluorescent UV lamps, and open flame carbon arc), as well as other conditions used in the three types of laboratory weathering tests, including temperature, type and amount of moisture, and test cycles, these three procedures may not result in the same performance ranking or types of failure modes of sealants. Further, different exposure durations may be required for testing the weathering performance of sealants by the three types of exposures. Comparisons should not be made of the relative stability of sealants exposed in the different types of apparatus.5.4 Variations in results may be expected when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this practice. Therefore, all test results using this practice must be accompanied by a report of the specific operating conditions as required in Section 10. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained according to this practice.5.5 No laboratory exposure test can be specified as a total simulation of actual use conditions in outdoor environments. The relative durability of materials in actual use conditions can vary in different locations because of differences in UV radiation, time of wetness, relative humidity, temperature, pollutants, and other factors. Results obtained from these laboratory accelerated exposures can be considered as representative of actual use exposures only when the degree of rank correlation has been established for the specific materials being tested and when the failure mode is the same. Exposure of a similar material of known outdoor performance, a control, along with the test specimens provides for evaluation in terms of relative durability under the test conditions, which also greatly improves the agreement in test results among different laboratories.5.6 The acceleration factor relating the exposure time in a laboratory accelerated test to exposure time outdoors required to produce equivalent degradation is material dependent and can be significantly different for each material and for different formulations of the same material. Therefore, the acceleration factor determined for one material cannot be assumed to be applicable to other materials.5.7 Results of this procedure will depend on the care that is taken to operate the equipment according to Practices G152, G154, and G155. Significant factors include regulation of the line voltage, freedom from salt or other deposits from water, temperature control, humidity control, where applicable, condition and age of the burners and filters in xenon arc equipment, and age of lamps in fluorescent UV equipment.NOTE 1: Additional information on sources of variability and on strategies for addressing variability in the design, execution and data analysis of laboratory accelerated exposure tests is found in Guide G141.1.1 This practice covers three types of laboratory weathering exposure procedures for evaluating the effect of actinic radiation, heat, and moisture on sealants.1.2 The exposure sources used in the three types of artificial weathering devices are the filtered xenon arc, fluorescent ultraviolet lamps, and open flame carbon arc based on Practices G155, G154, and G152, respectively.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 The ISO standard related to this Practice is ISO 11431. Significant differences exist between the procedures. The ISO specimens are exposed through glass and are elongated prior to examination for loss of adhesion or cohesion, or both, following exposure.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 156元 / 折扣价： 133 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 This test method specifies test procedures that can easily be used for field testing of equine surfaces. It is a test method that can be consistently applied to any equine surface and can quantitatively measure functional properties and track surface performance changes over time.1.1 This test method covers the specification for the measurement of the functional properties of equine surfaces; cushioning, impact, firmness, responsiveness and uniformity. This test method specifies test procedures that are appropriate for field testing of equine surfaces. This test method defines the functional properties of equine surfaces. This test method does not specify safety criteria. The extent to which functional properties contribute to individual injury risk is not known.1.2 Where appropriate values are stated in SI units.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 This practice is for determining the effects of UV light, or UV light and water, on adhesive bonded joints under controlled but artificial conditions. The results of this practice can be used for comparing the relative durability of several adhesives in a specific laboratory UV exposure.4.2 This practice is not for determining a forecast of the life of an adhesive bond in service. It is only for determining the relative durability of different adhesives compared to each other.4.3 The results obtained may vary between the different light sources (xenon-arc or fluorescent UV), because of the different spectral-irradiance of the lamps. Adhesives should not be compared to each other based on their performance under different types of light sources.4.4 The results obtained may vary when operation conditions are varied within the limits of a given method. The results may also vary when exposures are performed on instruments made by different manufacturers. Comparisons between materials must only be made when they are tested at the same time in the same instrument. Be sure to accurately report the operating conditions.4.5 The type and UV transmittance characteristics of the transparent adherend used can have a significant effect on the rate and type of degradation of the adhesives being tested. Comparisons between adhesives must only be made when tested on transparent adherends of the same type (preferably the same lot) with the same UV transmission.4.6 This practice is not for determining the effects of atmospheric pollutants, biological organisms, salt, or freeze/thaw cycles.1.1 This practice covers the basic principles and operating procedures for ultraviolet (UV) light aging (with or without water) of adhesive bonded joints having at least one glass or transparent adherend, using fluorescent UV (see Method A) or xenon-arc light sources (see Method B).1.2 This practice is limited to the apparatus for obtaining, measuring, and controlling the aging conditions, and to the procedures for exposure. Sample preparation, strength, test conditions, and evaluation of the results are described in other ASTM test methods or specifications.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车