定价： 345元 / 折扣价： 294 元 加购物车

定价： 605元 / 折扣价： 515 元

定价： 605元 / 折扣价： 515 元

定价： 605元 / 折扣价： 515 元

定价： 605元 / 折扣价： 515 元

定价： 605元 / 折扣价： 515 元

定价： 345元 / 折扣价： 294 元

定价： 345元 / 折扣价： 294 元

定价： 260元 / 折扣价： 221 元 加购物车

定价： 481元 / 折扣价： 409 元 加购物车

定价： 260元 / 折扣价： 221 元 加购物车

5.1 The significance of this test is to determine the thermoplastic pavement marking material’s resistance to impact, under laboratory conditions. The method provides a numerical result for impact failure which can be used to assess quality and determine relative performance between materials.5.2 When the pendulum-impact test is performed on thermoplastic pavement marking materials, the results can indicate the strength and brittleness properties helpful in researching and improving their field durability. Anyone attempting to perform this test should initially review Test Methods D256 and Test Method D4812; especially the equipment setup.5.3 The following sample preparation and testing setup method is important so inconsistencies in sample preparation do not cause more inconsistency in the results that are inherent when testing thermoplastic pavement marking materials.1.1 This test method covers the sample preparation for cantilever beams and test methodology of thermoplastic pavement marking materials, similar to the “Izod Impact” method listed in Test Method D4812.1.1.1 Some methods call for results in inch pound-force (in.·lbf) as opposed to the common foot pound-force/inch (ft·lbf/in.) or Joule/meter (J/m) (energy absorbed per unit of specimen of similar cross-section). This method does not purport to cover all the issues involved with the pendulum impact of cantilever beams and suggests that Test Method D4812 and Test Methods D256 be reviewed before this methodology is attempted.1.1.2 Thermoplastic pavement marking materials are a highly filled polymer matrix. Depending on the formula the resulting matrix may be brittle, therefore possibly resulting in inconsistent test results.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Instrumented impact testing provides an independent measurement of the absorbed energy associated with fracturing CVN or MCVN specimens for test machines equipped with a dial or optical encoder, or both.5.2 Instrumented impact testing is particularly effective in MCVN testing since the resolution of a calibrated strain-gaged striker does not necessarily decrease with the magnitude of the measured force.5.3 In addition to providing a measure of instrumented absorbed energy (Wt), instrumented testing enables the determination of characteristic force, partial instrumented absorbed energy, and displacement parameters. Depending on the material and test temperature, these parameters can provide very useful information (in addition to instrumented absorbed energy) on the fracture behavior of materials such as: the temperature which corresponds to the onset of the lower shelf; the temperature which corresponds to the onset of the upper shelf; partial instrumented absorbed energy up to the maximum force (Wm); partial instrumented absorbed energy up to the force at brittle fracture initiation (Wbf); the partial instrumented absorbed energy after the maximun force (Wt–Wm); the general yield force (Fgy); the force at brittle fracture initiation (Fbf); the arrest force (Fa). The instrumented data may also be used to highlight test results which should be discarded on the basis of misalignment or other critical test factors.1.1 This test method establishes the requirements for performing instrumented Charpy V-notch (CVN) and instrumented miniaturized Charpy V-notch (MCVN) impact tests on metallic materials. This method, which is based on experience developed testing steels, provides further information (in addition to the absorbed energy) on the fracture behavior of the tested materials. Minimum requirements are given for measurement and recording equipment such that similar sensitivity and comparable absorbed energy measurements to those obtained in Test Methods E23 and E2248 are achieved.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method is used by athletic footwear manufacturers and others, both as a tool for development of athletic shoe cushioning systems and as a test of the general cushioning characteristics of athletic footwear products, materials and components. Adherence to the requirements and recommendations of this test method will provide repeatable results that can be compared among laboratories.5.2 Data obtained by these procedures are indicative of the impact attenuation of athletic shoe cushioning systems under the specific conditions employed.5.3 This test method is designed to provide data on the force versus displacement response of athletic footwear cushioning systems under essentially uniaxial impact loads at rates that are similar to those of heel and forefoot impacts during different athletic activities.5.4 The peak or maximum values of force, acceleration, displacement, and strain are dependent on the total impact energy applied to the specimen. These values are normalized to provide comparative results for a reference value of total energy input.5.5 Impact attenuation outcomes are strongly dependent on initial conditions (impact mass, impact velocity, contact area, etc.) and on specimen size and the specimen’s prior history of compressive loading. Therefore results should be compared only for specimens of the same nominal size and prior conditioning.Note 1—Impact test outcomes have been found to correlate with in-vivo loads (peak ground reaction force, peak plantar pressure, lower extremity acceleration) experienced by runners. Relationships between test outcomes and subjective perceptions of cushioning have also been found. However, there is no direct evidence of a correlation between scores on this test method and the probability of injury among users of a particular athletic footwear product.1.1 This test method describes the use of a gravity-driven impact test to measure certain impact attenuation characteristics of cushioning systems and cushioning materials employed in the soles of athletic shoes.1.2 This test method uses an 8.5 kg mass dropped from a height of 30-70 mm to generate force-time profiles that are comparable to those observed during heel and forefoot impacts during walking, running and jump landings.1.3 This test method is intended for use on the heel and or forefoot regions of whole, intact athletic shoe cushioning systems. An athletic shoe cushioning system is defined as all of the layers of material between the wearer's foot and the ground surface that are normally considered a part of the shoe. This may include any of the following components: outsole or other abrasion resistant outer layer, a midsole of compliant cushioning materials or structures forming an intermediate layer, an insole, insole board, or other material layers overlying the midsole, parts of the upper and heel counter reinforcement which extend beneath the foot, and an insock, sockliner or other cushioning layers, either fixed or removable, inside the shoe.1.4 This test method may also be employed in to measure the impact attenuation of cushioning system components and cushioning material specimens.1.5 This test method is not intended for use as a test of shoes classified by the manufacturer as children's shoes.1.6 The type, size or dimensions and thickness of the specimen, the total energy input and prior conditioning shall qualify test results obtained by this test method.1.6.1 The range of tests results is limited by the calibrated range of the test device’s force transducer. Combinations of thin specimens, high specimen stiffness and high total energy input may produce forces that exceed the transducer’s capacity and are hence not measurable. In practice, the specified force transducer range (10 kN) accommodates more than 99 % of typical shoe soles and cushioning material specimens that are 7 mm or more in thickness at a total energy input of 5 Joules.1.6.2 The nominal value of the total energy input applied by this test method is 5 J for shoes, such as running shoes, which are subject to moderate impacts during normal use. Total energy inputs of 7.0 J and 3.0 J may be used for shoes (e.g basketball shoes) which are subject to higher impact loads during normal use. Other values of total energy input may be used, if they are stated in the report.1.6.3 Results from tests performed with different total energy inputs or with different masses are not directly comparable.1.6.4 Specimen thickness has a significant effect on impact attenuation outcomes. Consequently, results from tests of material specimens of different thicknesses cannot be directly compared.1.6.5 The impact attenuation of cushioning materials may change over time and with use (e.g. wear or durability testing) or prior conditioning (e.g. from previous tests). Consequently, test results obtained using this test method shall be qualified by the age and prior conditioning of the samples.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

5.1 The significance of this test is to determine the thermoplastic pavement marking material’s resistance to impact over a simulated pavement substrate, under laboratory conditions, and is expressed as pass/fail or numerically. The test result can be used as a quality test or to differentiate marking materials.5.2 Anyone attempting to perform this test should initially review Test Methods D5420 and D2794, specifically the equipment setup.5.3 Sample preparation and equipment set-up should be followed precisely to minimize variability in the test result.1.1 This test method covers the sample preparation over a road-type substrate and test methodology of thermoplastic pavement marking materials similar to the “Gardner Impact” method as listed in Test Method D5420.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车