4.1 Use—This guide is intended to reflect a reasonable baseline process for the completion of PCAs for use on a voluntary basis. No implication is intended that use of this guide be required to have conducted a PCA in a commercially prudent and reasonable manner. The baseline process described in this guide is subject to a moderate level of uncertainty. Because the objectives, risk tolerance, schedule, and budget of users can be dramatically different there are varying levels of PCA and due diligence that can be exercised that are both more and less comprehensive than this guide that may be appropriate to meet the objectives of the user. In accordance with ASTM protocols, this guide does not recommend a specific course of action or scope of work. Users should consider their requirements, the purpose that the PCA is to serve, and their risk tolerance to refine the scope of assessment and consultant qualifications in order to establish appropriate objectives for the assessment.4.2 Clarification of Use of Assessments: 4.2.1 Specific Point in Time—A user should only rely on the PCR for the point in time that the observations and research were conducted.4.2.2 Site-Specific—The PCA prepared in accordance with this guide is site-specific in that it relates to the physical condition of primary improvements on a specific parcel of commercial real estate. Consequently, this guide does not address many additional issues in commercial real estate transactions such as economic obsolescence, the purchase of business entities, or physical deficiencies relating to off-site conditions.4.2.3 Specific Objectives—PCAs are completed to address specific objectives identified to the consultant by the user. The consultant should be consulted prior to use of the PCA to address any other objective.4.2.4 Intended Users—PCAs are typically completed for use by contracting parties. In some cases, the use of or reliance on reports may be extended to additional parties by mutual agreement of the contracting parties. Use of or reliance on PCAs by others may violate the rights of contracting parties and fail to satisfy the objectives of such unauthorized parties.4.3 Principles—The following principles are an integral part of this guide. They are intended to be referred to in resolving ambiguity, or in exercising discretion accorded the user or consultant in conducting a PCA, or in judging whether a user or consultant has conducted appropriate inquiry or has otherwise conducted an adequate PCA.4.3.1 Uncertainty Not Eliminated—No PCA can wholly eliminate the uncertainty regarding the presence of physical deficiencies and the performance of building systems or building components. Preparation of a PCR in accordance with this guide is intended to reduce, but not eliminate, the uncertainty regarding the potential for building system or building component failure and to reduce the potential that such building system or building component may not be initially observed. This guide also recognizes the inherent subjective nature of reported opinions as to such issues as workmanship, quality of original installation, and estimating the RUL of any given component or system. Users should work with their consultant to consider modifications to the scope of the PCA that may reduce uncertainties.4.3.2 Suggested Remedies—The guide recognizes that a suggested remedy may be determined under time constraints, formed without the aid of engineering calculations, testing, exploratory probing, the removal or relocation of materials, design, or other technically exhaustive means. Furthermore, there may be other alternatives or more appropriate schemes or methods to remedy a physical deficiency. The suggested remedies are generally formed without detailed knowledge from those familiar with the historical or actual performance of the building system or building component.4.3.3 Not Technically Exhaustive—The PCA is not intended to be construed as technically exhaustive. There is a point at which the cost of information obtained, or the time required to conduct the PCA and prepare the PCR, may outweigh the usefulness of the information and, in fact, may be a material detriment to the orderly and timely completion of a commercial real estate transaction. It is the intent of this guide to attempt to identify a balance between limiting the costs and time demands inherent in performing a PCA and reducing the uncertainty about unknown physical deficiencies resulting from completing additional inquiry.4.3.4 Representative Observations—The purpose of conducting representative observations is to convey to the user the expected magnitude of commonly encountered or anticipated conditions. Recommended representative observation quantities for various asset types are provided in Annex A1; however, if in the consultant’s opinion, the recommended representative observations are unwarranted as a result of homogeneity of the asset or other reasons deemed appropriate, the field observer may survey sufficient units, areas, buildings, building systems, and building components so as to comment with reasonable confidence as to the representative presence of physical deficiencies at such repetitive or similar areas, building systems, and building components. If there is more than one building on the subject property, and they are homogeneous with respect to approximate age, use, basic design, materials, and systems, it is not a requirement of this guide for the field observer to observe the building systems and building components within each individual building to describe or comment on their condition within the PCR. The descriptions and observations provided in the PCR are to be construed as representative of all similar improvements.4.3.4.1 User-Mandated Representative Observations—A user may mandate the representative observations required for a given subject property or a particular building system or building component. Such representative observations may be more or less detailed than this guide's recommended representative observations as provided in Annex A1.4.3.4.2 Extrapolation of Findings—Consultant may reasonably extrapolate representative observations and findings to all typical areas or systems of the subject property for the purposes of describing such conditions within the PCR and preparing the opinions of costs for suggested remedies.4.3.5 Level of Due Diligence is Variable—Not every subject property will warrant the same level of assessment. The appropriate level of assessment is guided by the purpose the PCA is to serve; type of subject property; age of the improvements; expertise and risk tolerance of the user; and time available for preparing and reviewing the opinions contained in the PCR.4.4 Prior PCR Usage—This guide recognizes that PCRs prepared in accordance with this guide may include information that subsequent users and consultants may want to use to avoid duplication and to reduce cost. Therefore, this guide includes procedures to assist users and consultants in determining the appropriateness of using such information. In addition to the specific procedures contained elsewhere in this guide, the following should be considered:4.5 Use of Prior PCR Information—Information contained in prior property condition reports may be helpful to assist in understanding the subject property and planning the walk-through survey and research for the completion of a current PCR. Such information should serve only as an aid to a consultant in fulfilling the requirements of this guide and to assist the field observer in the walk-through survey, research, and the field observer’s understanding of the subject property; and should be verified during the completion of a current assessment.4.5.1 Comparison with a Previously Prepared PCR—Discrepancies between a PCR and a previously prepared PCR are not indicative that either PCR is deficient. User requirements and objectives, the purpose of the PCR, qualifications and experience of the assessment team, time available to complete the PCR, access to and availability of information, hindsight, new or additional information, enhanced visibility because of improved weather or site conditions, equipment not in a shutdown mode, specific building systems and building components observed, and other factors may significantly impact the findings and opinions of the PCR. It should not be concluded or assumed that a previous PCR was deficient because the previous PCA did not discover a certain physical deficiency, or because opinions of costs in the previous PCR are different. Because a PCR contains a representative indication of the condition of the subject property at the time of the walk-through survey and is dependent on the information available to the consultant at that time, the PCR should be evaluated on the reasonableness of judgments made at the time and under the circumstances in which they are made.4.5.2 Conducting Current Walk-Through Surveys—At a minimum, for a PCR to be consistent with this guide, a new walk-through survey, interviews, and solicitation and review of building and fire department records for recorded material violations should be performed.4.6 Actual Knowledge Exception—If the user or consultant conducting a PCA has actual knowledge that the information from a prior PCR is not accurate, or if it is obvious to the field observer that the information is not accurate, such information from a prior PCR should not be used.4.7 Contractual Issues—This guide recognizes that contractual and legal obligations may exist between prior and subsequent users of PCRs, or between users and consultants who performed prior PCRs, or both. Consideration of such contractual obligations is beyond the scope of this guide. Furthermore, a subsequent user of a prior PCA should be apprised that the report may have been prepared for purposes other than the current desired purpose of the PCR and should determine the contractual purpose and scope of the prior PCA.4.8 Rules of Engagement—The contractual and legal obligations between a user and consultant (and other parties, if any) are outside the scope of this guide. No specific legal relationship between the user and consultant was considered during the preparation of this guide.1.1 Purpose—The purpose of this guide is to provide a framework for conducting a property condition assessment (PCA) of the primary improvements at commercial real estate properties by performing a walk-through survey and conducting research as outlined within this guide.1.1.1 Physical Deficiencies—The goal of the baseline process for property condition assessments is to identify and communicate material physical deficiencies to a user.1.1.2 Walk-Through Survey—This guide outlines procedures for conducting a walk-through survey to identify physical deficiencies, and recommends various building systems and building components that should be observed by the field observer.1.1.3 Document Reviews and Interviews—The scope of this guide includes document reviews, research, and interviews to augment the walk-through survey to assist with understanding the subject property and identification of physical deficiencies.1.1.4 Property Condition Report—The work product resulting from completing a PCA in accordance with this guide is a property condition report (PCR). The PCR incorporates the information obtained during the Walk-Through Survey, the Document Review and Interviews sections of this guide and includes opinions of costs for suggested remedies of observed physical deficiencies.1.2 Objectives—Objectives in the development of this guide are to: (1) provide a framework for conducting a property condition assessment (PCA) of the primary improvements located on a parcel of commercial real estate; (2) facilitate consistent and pertinent content in PCRs; (3) develop pragmatic and reasonable recommendations and expectations for site observations, document reviews and research associated with conducting PCAs and preparing PCRs; (4) establish reasonable expectations for PCRs; (5) assist in developing an industry standard of care for appropriate baseline observations and research; and (6) recommend protocols for the consultants for communicating observations, opinions, and recommendations in a manner meaningful to the user.1.3 Out of Considerations and Excluded Activities—The use of this guide is strictly limited to the scope set forth herein. Section 12 and Appendix X1 of this guide identify, for informational purposes, certain considerations and physical conditions that may exist on the subject property, and certain activities or procedures (not an all-inclusive list) that are beyond the scope of this guide but may warrant consideration by parties to a commercial real estate transaction to enhance the PCA. Users should work with a knowledgeable consultant to identify additional considerations and concerns to be evaluated. The decision to inquire into out-of-scope considerations or extend the assessment to include excluded activities is to be made by the user. No assessment of out-of-scope considerations is required for a PCA to be conducted in conformance with this guide.1.4 Organization of This guide—This guide consists of several sections, an Annex and two (2) Appendixes. Section 1 is the . Section 3 on Terminology contains definitions of terms both unique to this guide and not unique to this guide, and acronyms. Section 4 sets out the of this guide, and Section 5 describes the User's Responsibilities. Sections 6 through 11 provide guidelines for the main body of the PCR, including the scope of the walk-through survey, preparation of the opinions of costs to address physical deficiencies, and preparation of the PCR. Section 12 provides additional information regarding out-of-scope considerations, activities, and procedures (see section 1.3). Annex A1 provides guidance relating to specific asset types that are considered as integral to this guide. Appendix X1 describes additional concerns a user may consider in modification of the scope of the PCR. Appendix X2 and Appendix X3 outline an approach to limited accessibility screenings.     TABLE OF CONTENTS1    1.1 Purpose  1.2 Objectives  1.3 Out of Considerations and Excluded Activities  1.4 Organization of This guide  1.5 Multiple Buildings  1.6 Safety Concerns3 Terminology  3.2 Definitions  3.3 Abbreviations and Acronyms4   4.1 Use  4.2 Clarification of Use of Assessments  4.3 Principles  4.4 Prior PCR Usage  4.5 Use of Prior PCR Information  4.6 Actual Knowledge Exception  4.7 Contractual Issues  4.8 Rules of Engagement5 User's Responsibilities  5.1 Objectives and of Assessment  5.2 Point of Contact  5.3 Access  5.4 User Disclosure6 Property Condition Assessment  6.1 Objective  6.2 PCA Components  6.3 Coordination of Components  6.4 Consultant's Duties7 The Consultant  7.1 Qualifications of the Consultant  7.2 Staffing of the Field Observer  7.3 Independence of the Consultant  7.4 Qualifications of the Field Observer  7.5 Qualifications of the PCR Reviewer  7.6 The Field Observer and PCR Reviewer May Be a Single Individual  7.7 Not a Professional Architectural or Engineering Service8 Document Review and Interviews  8.1 Objective  8.2 Verification of Information Provided by Others  8.3 Accuracy and Completeness  8.4 Government Agency Provided Information  8.5 Pre-Survey Questionnaire  8.6 Owner/User Provided Documentation and Information  8.7 Interviews9 Walk-Through Survey  9.1 Objective  9.2 Frequency  9.3 Photographs  9.4   9.5 Additional Considerations10 Opinions of Costs to Remedy Physical Deficiencies  10.1 Purpose  10.2   10.3 Opinions of Costs Attributes11 Property Condition Report  11.1 Format  11.2 Writing Protocols  11.3 Documentation  11.4 Executive Summary  11.5 Purpose and   11.6 Walk-Through Survey  11.7 Document Reviews and Interviews  11.8 Additional Considerations  11.9 Qualifications  11.10 Limiting Conditions  11.11 Exhibits12 Out of Considerations  12.1 Activity Exclusions  12.2 Warranty, Guarantee, and Code Compliance Exclusions  12.3 Additional/General Considerations13 KeywordsAnnex A1 GUIDANCE AND ENHANCED DUE DILIGENCE SERVICES  A1.1 Multifamily Properties  A1.2 Commercial Office Buildings  A1.3 Retail Buildings   Appendix X1 GUIDANCE AND ENHANCED DUE DILIGENCE SERVICES  X1.1 Qualifications  X1.2 Modifications to the Baseline ProcessAppendix X2 AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT (ADA) ABBREVIATED ADA SCREENINGAppendix X3 FAIR HOUSING ACT (FHA) ABBREVIATED FHA SCREENING1.5 Multiple Buildings—If the subject property is comprised of multiple buildings, it is the intent of this guide that all of the primary improvements are discussed in one PCR.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The intent of these principles and desired outcomes is to provide requirements and guidance for an effective and efficient system for (1) the acquisition of property, (2) the utilization of available property, and (3) the disposal of property. (40 U.S. Code § 101)4.2 Asset management practices shall seek, when viewed in totality, to be effective and efficient, to the point at which benefits exceed the costs of operation.4.3 The requirements and guidance in this practice shall be used to establish property management plans that strategically address organizational objectives including: scope, management system, management structure, process flows, alignment, internal controls, enforcement, risks, accountability, and resources to collectively realize optimal value from assets.4.4 The intent of this practice is to promote the right sizing and scope of the asset management activity to appropriately manage organizational assets.4.5 To establish a learning and innovative culture with continuous self-assessments and process improvements.4.6 To establish policies, systems, and processes to timely prevent, detect, and correct operational weaknesses and deficiencies in internal controls that may result in waste, fraud abuse, mismanagement, and corruption.1.1 This practice covers the creation of a set of guiding principles that, when adopted, is endorsed by top management to be applied to the practice of property management. These principles will enunciate the objectives and intent of the property (also known as “asset”) management community, stress simplified procedures, promote less rather than more, judgment rather than “by-the-book” decisions, and encourage the adoption of “best practices.”1.2 The acceptance of these guiding principles provides the high potential of improved internal controls and governance. It promotes a problem-solving mentality and culture within the property management community, encourages the use of innovative and cost-effective practices, creates greater commonality between government and industry practices, and increases the ability of organizations to respond to changing needs and business conditions.1.3 This practice adopts the concept that the potential benefits of operating in a manner consistent with a set of standards and guidelines outweigh concerns about the loss of predictability, uniformity, and consistency.1.4 This practice provides property management standards and guidance that may be used for various types of property including tangible, intangible, personal, and real.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 The rate of transmission of a liquid through a rubber sheet, that acts as a barrier, is important in rubber diaphragm performance and other similar industrial applications. This transmission is referred to as vapor transmission since the liquid diffuses through the rubber in a molecular sense and escapes into free atmosphere in vapor form.3.2 This test method is applicable only to the materials in sheet form of moderate thickness and is principally useful for comparing the relative vapor transmission of different liquids in the same rubber or of the same liquid through different rubbers. Comparisons should not be made in which both different rubbers and different liquids are used.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the rate of vapor transmission of volatile liquids through a rubber sheet, disk, or diaphragm.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 These test methods are used to ensure the quality of a product by determining the force per unit width required to separate a rubber layer from a flexible substrate such as fabric, fibre, wire, or sheet metal. The acceptable value of adhesion measured will, of course, vary from product to product due to different rubber formulations, flexible substrates, and types of products. However, once a product is established, minimum values of separation force can be determined and agreed to by producer and consumer and both can monitor to assure maintenance of the agreed-upon minimum value.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the adhesion strength between plies of fabric bonded with rubber or the adhesion of the rubber layer in articles made from rubber attached to other material. They are applicable only when the adhered surfaces are approximately plane or uniformly circular as in belting, hose, tire carcasses, or rubber-covered sheet metal.1.2 When the adhered surfaces contain sharp bends, angles, or other gross irregularities that cannot be avoided in preparing test specimens, special test methods must be employed for evaluating adhesion.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The Schob Type rebound pendulum is designed to measure the percentage resilience of a rubber compound as an indication of hysteretic energy loss that can also be defined by the relationship between storage modulus and loss modulus. The percent rebound measured is inversely proportional to the hysteretic loss. 4.1.1 Percentage resilience or rebound resilience are commonly used in quality control testing of polymers and compounding chemicals. 4.1.2 Rebound resilience is determined by a freely falling pendulum hammer that is dropped from a given height that impacts a test specimen and imparts to it a certain amount of energy. A portion of that energy is returned by the specimen to the pendulum and may be measured by the extent to which the pendulum rebounds, whereby the restoring force is determined by gravity. 4.1.2.1 Since the energy of the pendulum is proportional to the vertical component of the displacement of the pendulum, it may be expressed as 1 – cos (of the angle of displacement) and percentage rebound resilience. RB, commonly called percentage rebound, is determined from the equation: 4.1.2.2 The rebound resilience may be calculated as: where: h   =   apex height of the rebound, and H   =   initial height. 4.1.2.3 The rebound resilience may also be determined by the measurement of the angle of rebound α. From the rebound angle α, the rebound resilience in percent is obtained according to the following formula: 1.1 This test method covers a means of determining the resilience of rubber, within a range of impact strain and strain rate, by means of the impacting and measuring apparatus conforming to the requirements described in this test method. 1.2 This test method is applicable to thermoset rubbers and thermoplastic elastomers, the hardness of which, at the specified test temperatures, lies between 30 and 85 IRHD (see Test Method D1415) or A/30 and A/85 (see Test Method D2240). It may also be applicable to some polyester, polyether foam, and plastic foam materials. 1.3 All materials, instruments, or equipment used for the determination of mass, force, or dimension shall have traceability to the National Institute for Standards and Technology, or other internationally recognized organization parallel in nature. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Uses—This guide is intended for use on a voluntary basis by parties who wish to conduct a BEPIE. The process defined in this guide involves: (1) the collection of building and equipment information, including whole building energy consumption, much of which is typically collected as part of an E2018 PCA; (2) weather-normalizing the whole building energy consumption to obtain an EUI; (3) benchmarking the EUI to compare against the EUI of peer buildings; and (4) determining if the building’s EUI is under-performing compared to the EUI of peer buildings. If the building’s EUI is under-performing, the guide (1) evaluates the extent to which the building is under-performing; (2) provides guidance on what energy efficiency improvements might be made to bring the building to the performance level of its peers; and (3) provides guidance to obtain a probable cost for these energy efficiency improvements. The guide is intended principally as an approach to conducting a standardized building energy performance inquiry in connection with commercial real estate involved in a commercial real estate transaction with the intent to identify a condition of EUI under-performance compared to peer buildings. The guide provides for two approaches: a Screening Assessment (SA) that may be conducted, for example, as an adjunct to an E2018 PCA during due diligence prior to an acquisition, and a More Comprehensive Assessment (MCA) that would include more rigorous investigation as may, for example, be conducted by a building owner seeking to make an investment in EEMs. This guide is intended to reflect a commercially practical and reasonable inquiry.4.2 Clarifications on Use: 4.2.1 Use in Conjunction with an E2018 PCA—This guide, when added as a supplemental scope of work to an E2018 PCA, is designed to assist the user and Consultant in developing information about energy consumption and energy efficiency improvements that may be undertaken to reduce energy consumption in a building involved in a commercial real estate transaction. The guide also has utility to a wide range of situations, including those that may not involve a commercial real estate transaction. The guide is not intended to replace an E2018 PCA, but rather to supplement it.4.2.2 Independent Use—This guide may also be used independently of any other building or property condition assessment.4.2.3 Site-Specific—This guide is site and property-specific in that it relates to an existing building’s or property’s energy performance.4.3 Who May Conduct—A BEPIE should be performed by a qualified Consultant or individual (hereafter referred to as the “Consultant”) with the education, training and experience necessary to perform the requirements of this guide (refer to 8.6). No practical approach can be designed to eliminate the role of professional judgment and the value and need for experience in the individual performing the inquiry. The professional experience of the Consultant is, consequently, important to the performance of a BEPIE.4.4 Additional Services—Additional services not included within the scope of this guide may be contracted for between the user and the Consultant (refer to 13.1 – 13.2). For example, the user or Consultant may also wish to apply for LEED® or ENERGY STAR® certification.4.5 Principles—The following principles are an integral part of this guide and are intended to be referred to in resolving any ambiguity or exercising such discretion as is accorded the user or Consultant in performing a BEPIE.4.5.1 Uncertainty is not eliminated—No BEPIE standard can wholly eliminate uncertainty in determining the myriad of variables that can impact the energy consumption of a building on a property and the energy savings that might be realized by making energy efficiency improvements. The BEPIE is intended to reduce, but not eliminate, uncertainty regarding the impact of such variables.4.5.2 Assessment is not exhaustive—This guide is not meant to be an exhaustive assessment. There is a point at which the cost of the information obtained or the time required to gather it outweighs the usefulness of the information and, in fact, may be a material detriment to the orderly completion of a commercial real estate transaction. One of the purposes of this guide is to identify a balance between the competing goals of limiting the costs and time demands inherent in performing a BEPIE and the reduction of uncertainty about unknown conditions resulting from collecting additional information.4.5.3 Level of inquiry is variable—Not every building will warrant the same level of assessment. The appropriate level of assessment should be guided by the type and complexity of the property being evaluated, the needs of the user, and the information already available or developed in the course of the inquiry.4.6 Rules of Engagement—The contractual and legal obligations between a Consultant and a user (and other parties, if any) are outside the scope of this guide. No specific legal relationship between the Consultant and user was considered during the preparation of this guide.1.1 Purpose—The purpose of this guide is to define a commercially useful standard in the United States of America for incorporating building energy performance into an assessment of existing property condition, and specifically into a property condition assessment (PCA) on a building involved in a commercial real estate transaction. The guide is intended to provide a methodology for the user to identify building energy under-performance compared to peer buildings. If the building is under-performing compared to its peers, a methodology is provided to identify potential energy performance improvements and provide a probable cost for such improvements. The guide may be used independently or as a voluntary supplement to ASTM Guide E2018 PCA. Utilization of this guide and incorporating it into a PCA is voluntary. If the property owner is unwilling or unable to provide building energy consumption information and it is not possible to develop a reasonable estimate of building energy consumption, the methodology defined by this guide cannot be performed.1.2 Building Energy Performance and Improvement Evaluation (BEPIE)—the process as described in this guide by which a person collects, analyzes and reports on a building’s energy consumption, compares it to peer buildings and determines if the building is under-performing. If the building is under-performing, potential major improvements (energy efficiency measures, EEMs) that may reduce building energy consumption to achieve parity with peer buildings are identified and a probable cost is provided. Building energy performance as defined by this guide involves the collection of annual whole building energy consumption for heating, cooling, ventilation, lighting, and other related energy-consuming end-uses. Building energy consumption, for example, includes total electricity used at the building; purchased or delivered steam, hot water, or chilled water to the building; natural gas, fuel oil, propane, biomass, or any other matter consumed as fuel at the building. Annual whole building energy consumption in kBTU/yr is weather-normalized and converted to energy use intensity (EUI, kBTU/SF-yr), and then benchmarked against weather-normalized energy consumption in peer buildings. If the building consumes more energy than peer buildings, it is assumed to be under-performing. For under-performing buildings, the methodology provided in this guide identifies potential energy improvements and associated costs that may be able to bring the building to parity with peers. If electricity is generated on site from renewable/alternative energy systems (for example, solar photovoltaic systems, wind energy generator technology, fuel cells, or microturbines), the electricity produced is considered energy savings and is netted against building energy requirements with the purpose of reducing building EUI. The assessment conducted for the BEPIE may be a Screening Assessment (SA) that might be conducted in due diligence prior to building acquisition, or a More Comprehensive Assessment (MCA) that might be conducted by the owner of a building who may have had an SA conducted prior to acquiring the building. A BEPIE as performed according to this guide is building- and site-specific. For multifamily type property, the BEPIE is property-specific where a property may include multiple buildings. For such cases, data from the multiple buildings are aggregated prior to analysis.1.3 Objectives—Objectives in the development of this guide are to: (1) define a commercially useful guide for incorporating building energy performance into the assessment of existing property condition as part of due diligence associated with real estate transactions conducted pre-acquisition, post-acquisition or independent of an acquisition; (2) identify buildings that consume more energy than their peers, that is, are under-performing relative to peers; (3) identify how under-performing buildings might be improved and provide a probable cost to bring under-performing buildings to parity with peers; (4) define a commercially useful and reliable guide for conducting a building energy performance and improvement evaluation; (5) facilitate consistency in conducting and reporting of building energy performance and the evaluation of measures that may improve energy performance; (6) provide a process for conducting a BEPIE that is technically sound, consistent, transparent, practical and reasonable; and (7) provide criterion for identifying what constitutes a building being considered an energy under-performer compared to its peers.1.4 Documentation—The scope of this guide includes data collection, compilation, analysis and reporting. All sources, records and resources relied upon in the BEPIE assessment should to be documented.1.5 Considerations Outside the —The use of this guide is limited to the conduct of a BEPIE as defined by this guide. While this information may be used in assessing building valuation or for other reasons, any such use is solely between the user and the Consultant and beyond the scope of this guide.1.6 Organization of the Guide—BEPIE has 14 sections and 12 appendices. The appendices are included for informational purposes only and are provided for guidance in implementing this guide.Section 1 Describes the scope of the guide.Section 2 Identifies referenced documents.Section 3 Provides terminology pertinent to the guide.Section 4 Discusses the significance and use of the guide.Section 5 Discusses the relationship between this guide and ASTM E2018, ASTM E2797 and ASHRAE 211.Section 6 Describes the user’s responsibilities under this guide.Section 7 Describes the data collection needs for this guide.Section 8 Describes the building energy performance and improvement evaluation process.Section 9 Describes the benchmarking process.Section 10 Describes the process for conducting a screening assessment.Section 11 Describes the more comprehensive assessment process.Section 12 Describes reporting of findings and conclusions.Section 13 Identifies non-scope considerations.Section 14 Identifies keywords associated with the guide.Appendix X1 Driving Forces for Considering Building Energy Performance in PCAs.Appendix X2 Common Commercial Building Types.Appendix X3 EPA Portfolio Manager.Appendix X4 Commercial (CBECS) and Residential (RECS) Building Energy Consumption Surveys.Appendix X5 U.S. Climate Zones.Appendix X6 Building Performance Database.Appendix X7 EULs of Common Energy-consuming Equipment.Appendix X8 EEM Replacement Schedule Considerations.Appendix X9 Energy Savings for Common EEMs.Appendix X10 Common Energy and Water Savings Measures.Appendix X11 Building Energy Performance and Sustainability Certifications.Appendix X12 Sample BEPIE Screening Assessment Report Format1.7 This guide cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM guide is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this guide be applied without consideration of a building’s many unique aspects. The word “standard” in the title means only that the guide has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.1.8 Nothing in this guide is intended to create or imply the existence of a legal obligation for reporting building energy performance or other building-related information. Any consideration of whether such an obligation exists under any federal, state, local, or common law is beyond the scope of this guide.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This practice covers the creation of a set of guiding principles to be used when establishing a formal training and development program for professional employees engaged in the practice of property management.1.2 This practice sets forth the consensus of the personal property management profession with regard to the requirements for a Personal Property Career Development (PPCD) program.1.3 The acceptance of this practice by the profession has the potential to encourage a broader and higher level of thinking by its practitioners, reinforce the use of innovative and cost-effective practices, create greater commonality between government and industry practices, and increase the ability of organizations to respond to changing needs and business conditions.1.4 The PPCD program establishes the recommended education, training, and experience requisites necessary for property management organizations to adequately support the missions and objectives of organizations operating in or encouraging domestic and global commerce.1.5 The PPCD program is predicated on three levels of professional certification based on a combination of academic course work and professional experience.1.6 The standard is written to recognize that there are numerous educational providers of courses that may satisfy the career development objectives articulated under this standard. It is the responsibility of each organization which adopts this standard to confirm the appropriateness of any specific course offering.

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4.1 Compression set tests are intended to measure the ability of rubber compounds to retain elastic properties after prolonged action of compressive stresses. The actual stressing service may involve the maintenance of a definite deflection, the constant application of a known force, or the rapidly repeated deformation and recovery resulting from intermittent compressive forces. Though the latter dynamic stressing, like the others, produces compression set, its effects as a whole are simulated more closely by compression flexing or hysteresis tests. Therefore, compression set tests are considered to be mainly applicable to service conditions involving static stresses. Tests are frequently conducted at elevated temperatures.1.1 These test methods cover the testing of rubber intended for use in applications in which the rubber will be subjected to compressive stresses in air or liquid media. They are applicable particularly to the rubber used in machinery mountings, vibration dampers, and seals. Three test methods are covered as follows:Test Method Section A—Compression Set Under Constant Force in Air 8 – 11B—Compression Set Under Constant Deflection in Air 12 – 15C—Compression Set Under Constant Deflection in Air Considering Material Hardness 16 – 211.2 The choice of test method is optional, but consideration should be given to the nature of the service for which correlation of test results may be sought. Unless otherwise stated in a detailed specification, Test Method B shall be used.1.3 Test Method B is not suitable for vulcanizates harder than 90 IRHD.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 These empirical tests have been found to be suitable for ranking a series of unpigmented emulsion SBR in order of processability. They may also be used for comparing a production lot with a standard of known processability characteristics. The difference between Mooney viscosities at two specified times will rank those emulsion SBR polymers that differ appreciably in this property according to their processability. The actual values obtained for a given polymer depend on whether or not the sample was massed, and may vary between laboratories or with the type of machine used, and with the specified times at which Mooney viscosity values were taken.1.1 These test methods explain the use of the shearing disk viscometer to obtain an indication of the processability of non-pigmented emulsion styrene-butadiene rubbers (SBR). The test methods described should not be used to compare processability characteristics of polymers that produce a test curve significantly different from that shown in Fig. 1.FIG. 1 Typical Mooney versus Time Curve for Processability Test of SBR1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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