4.1 The purpose of this guide is to provide information to gypsum product installers for the avoidance of hazards associated with the installation of gypsum products adjacent to, or surrounding, electric heating components and conductors; and to avoid damage to gypsum products when used in conjunction with a concealed radiant heating system.4.2 The information given in this guide is applicable to repair of existing cable heating systems and to new construction of radiant heating systems constructed from flexible radiant heating panels.1.1 This guide2 provides information for trades installing gypsum products in conjunction with a concealed radiant ceiling heating system constructed from thin sheet flexible radiant heating panels, and for the installation of gypsum products after repair of existing concealed radiant ceiling heating systems constructed from heating cable or thin sheet flexible radiant heating panels.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This guide does not purport to address any aspect of concealed radiant heating system design or performance, and is limited to the proper installation of gypsum products specified for use in a concealed radiant ceiling heating system.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification establishes the requirements for ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3 propanediol, and glycerin base heat transfer fluids (HTF) used in heating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. When concentrates are used at up to 65% concentration by weight in water, or when prediluted heat transfer fluids (30% by weight minimum) are used without further dilution, they will function effectively to provide protection against freezing, and corrosion. The HTFs governed by this specification are categorized according to the primary base of freeze depressant used: I (ethylene glycol), II (propylene glycol), III (1,3-propanediol), and IV (glycerin).1.1 This specification covers the requirements for ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3 propanediol as well as glycerin base heat transfer fluids (HTF) used in heating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. When concentrates are used at up to 65 % concentration by weight in water, or when prediluted heat transfer fluids (30 % by weight minimum) are used without further dilution, they will function effectively to provide protection against freezing, and corrosion.1.2 The fluids described in this specification are not appropriate for use in systems where internal combustion engines (gasoline, diesel, or CNG/LPG) are used.1.3 The heat transfer fluids governed by this specification are categorized as follows by the primary base of freeze depressant used:Heat TransferFluid Type DescriptionI   Ethylene glycolII   Propylene glycolIII   1,3-PropanediolIV   Glycerin1.4 Heat transfer fluids meeting this specification shall be tested and fully comply with requirements listed in Table 1.NOTE 1: This specification is based on the knowledge of the performance of heat transfer fluids prepared from new or virgin ingredients. This specification shall also apply to heat transfer fluids prepared using materials generated from recycled or reprocessed ingredients, provided that these ingredients meet the requirements of Specifications E1177 and D7388 for Glycols and Specification D7640 for Glycerin.NOTE 2: This specification addresses concentrated inhibited glycols and glycerol that will be mixed with water for use in various climates and prediluted heat transfer fluids (HTF) that are factory-blended with purified water. A table of estimated freeze protection temperatures at appropriate dilutions is provided in Appendix X1.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Damage to a pipe coating is almost unavoidable during transportation and construction. Breaks or holidays in pipe coatings may expose the pipe to possible corrosion since, after a pipe has been installed underground, the surrounding earth will be moisture-bearing and will constitute an effective electrolyte. Applied cathodic protection potentials may cause loosening of the coating, beginning at holiday edges. Spontaneous holidays may also be caused by such potentials. Usually exterior pipeline coatings applied over pipes carrying hot media (oil, gas) are exposed to high temperature inside the pipe and low temperature outside and subjected to temperature gradient. Heat flux is directed from metal (substrate) to the coating. This test method provides accelerated conditions for cathodic disbondment to occur under simulated heating and provides a measure of resistance of coatings to this type of action.4.2 The effects of the test are to be evaluated by physical examinations and monitoring the current drawn by the test specimens. Usually there is no correlation between the two methods of evaluation, but both methods are significant. Physical examination consists of assessing the effective contact of the coating with the metal surface in terms of observed differences in the relative adhesive bond. It is usually found that the cathodically disbonded area propagates from an area where adhesion is zero to an area where adhesion reaches the original level. An intermediate zone of decreased adhesion may also be present.4.3 Assumptions associated with test results include:4.3.1 Maximum adhesion, or bond, is found in the coating that was not immersed in the test liquid, and4.3.2 Decreased adhesion in the immersed test area is the result of cathodic disbondment.4.4 Ability to resist disbondment is a desired quality on a comparative basis, but disbondment in this test method is not necessarily an adverse indication of coating performance. The virtue of this test method is that all dielectric-type coatings now in common use will disbond to some degree, thus providing a means of comparing one coating to another.4.5 The amount of current flowing in the test cell is a relative indicator of the extent of areas requiring protection against corrosion; however, the current density appearing in this test is much greater than that usually required for cathodic protection in natural, inland soil environments.4.6 Test voltages higher than those recommended may result in the formation of chlorine gas. The subsequent chemical effects on the coating could cast doubt on the interpretation of the test results. Filter tube with fritted disc (see Test Method G95) or layer of sand (40 mesh) put on the coated surface may reduce this effect.1.1 This test method describes an accelerated procedure for determining comparative characteristics of coating systems applied to the exterior of steel pipe for the purpose of preventing or mitigating corrosion that may occur in underground or immersion where the pipe is carrying heated media and is under cathodic protection. This test method is intended for use with samples of coated pipe, or with a specimen cut from the section of coated pipe or flat plates and is applicable to such samples when the coating is characterized by function as an electrical barrier.1.2 This test method is intended to simulate conditions when external coatings are exposed to high temperature inside the pipe and to an ambient temperature outside, and thus are subjected to temperature gradient. If elevated temperatures are required but without temperature gradient, see Test Method G42.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This test method describes an accelerated procedure for determining comparative characteristics of coating systems applied to the exterior of steel pipe for the purpose of preventing or mitigating corrosion that may occur in underground or immersion where the pipe is carrying heated media and is under cathodic protection. This test method is intended for use with samples of coated pipe, or with a specimen cut from the section of coated pipe or flat plates, and is applicable to such samples when the coating is characterized by function as an electrical barrier.1.2 This test method is intended to simulate conditions when external coatings are exposed to high temperature inside the pipe and to an ambient temperature outside, and thus are subjected to temperature gradient. If elevated temperatures are not required, see Test Method G8. If a specific test method is required with no options, see Test Method G80. If elevated temperatures are required but without temperature gradient, see Test Method G42.1.3 The values stated in SI units to three significant decimals are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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4.1 This practice is intended to serve as a guide to manufacturers, distributors, installers, contractors, regulatory officials, and owners. It is not intended to specify detailed methods of testing, installation, or servicing for the system or any of its components.4.2 This practice sets forth those methods and components necessary for minimum operation and safety. It also suggests methods for improved operation and effectiveness.1.1 This practice provides descriptions of solar domestic water heating systems and sets forth installation and service practices in new and existing one- and two-family dwellings to help ensure adequate operation and safety.2,31.2 This practice applies regardless of the fraction of heating requirement supplied by solar energy, the type of conventional fuel used in conjunction with solar, or the heat transfer fluid (or fluids) used as the energy transport medium. However, where more stringent requirements are recommended by the manufacturer, these manufacturer requirements shall prevail.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Sections 6 and 7.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 In the determination of VOC, cure water is treated as a VOC in other test methods, as these methods are unable to account for cure water. This test method allows taking credit for cure water as total water is measured, a value which includes cure water.5.2 Total water content and volatile content results obtained with this method may be used in Practice D3960 to calculate VOC of the coating.1.1 This test method is designed to measure total water which includes cure water resulting from the heat induced condensation reaction of coatings. Cure water cannot be measured directly by Test Method D4017. This task is accomplished by measuring water content in the vapors evolved during heating. This test method will yield total water content. This test method also permits for the simultaneous determination of total volatile content. The results of this test method may be used to calculate VOC content. Although this test method was designed for phenolic coatings, it can be used with other types of coatings.1.2 Materials used for method development and evaluation had total water values from 20 to 37 %. Use of this test method on coatings outside these values will need to be validated by the user.1.3 Sample heating is accomplished with a Brinkmann Instruments Model 832 drying oven,2 or other mutually agreed upon alternative, passing all of the evolved vapors into a Karl Fischer titration vessel.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method provides an accurate and reliable procedure to measure the total heating value of a fuel gas, on a continuous basis, which is used for regulatory compliance, custody transfer, and process control.5.2 Some instruments which conform to the requirements set forth in this test method can have response times on the order of 1 min or less and can be used for on-line measurement and control.5.3 The method is sensitive to the presence of oxygen and nonparaffin fuels. For components not listed and composition ranges that fall outside those in Table 1 and Table 2, modifications in the method and changes to the calibration gas or gasses being used may be required to obtain correct results.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the heating value of natural gases and similar gaseous mixtures within the range of composition shown in Table 1, and Table 2 that covers flare components but is not intended to limit the components to be measured in flare gases.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This practice sets forth the acceptable installation and service use of solar space heating systems for one- and two-family dwellings to help ensure adequate performance, safety, and consumer satisfaction. This practice, however, does not apply to Rankine cycle, heat pump, or high pressure vapor systems, and is not intended to abridge safety or health requirements. Specifications are provided for the following system components: collector subsystems; thermal storage devices; controls and safety devices; piping, ducting, and ancillary equipment; electrical wiring; and auxiliary (nonsolar) space-heating equipment.1.1 This practice covers solar space heating systems for one- and two-family dwellings. It sets forth acceptable installation and service practices to help ensure adequate performance, safety, and consumer satisfaction.1.2 This practice is intended to describe acceptable practices for space heating systems in new and existing dwellings and shall not be construed as the optimization of good practices.1.3 This practice does not apply to Rankine cycle, heat pump, or high pressure vapor systems.1.4 This practice is not intended to abridge safety or health requirements. All systems shall be installed in accordance with local codes and ordinances.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (For specific safety precautions, see Section 6).1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The color of maleic anhydride can be an indication of the purity of these materials. A high color after heating normally indicates contamination or decomposition.4.2 This standard is suitable for process quality control and determining if the product meets specifications.1.1 This test method covers an instrumental method for the CIE (Commission International de l’Eclairage) tristimulus measurement of the color of maleic anhydride melt before and after prolonged heating under specified conditions of time and temperature. The measurement is converted to color values in the platinum-cobalt system.1.2 This test method covers the range 0 to100 Pt-Co color.1.3 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specification, results shall be rounded in accordance with the rounding off methods of Practice E29.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Sections 7, 10.3, and 10.6.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method describes a test procedure for evaluating the ∆T associated with RF power deposition during an MR procedure, involving a specific frequency of RF irradiation of a passive implant. The method allows characterization of the heating propensity of an implant rather than the prediction of heating during a specific MR procedure in a patient. The results may be used as an input to a computational model for estimating ∆T due to the presence of that implant in a patient. The combination of the test results and the computational model results may then be used to help assess the safety of a patient with the implant during an MR examination.1.1 This test method covers measurement of radio frequency (RF)-induced heating on or near a passive medical implant within a phantom during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The test method does not specify levels of heating considered to be safe to the patient and relies on users to define their own acceptance criteria.1.2 This test method does not address other possible safety issues which include, but are not limited to: issues of magnetically-induced displacement, magnetically-induced torque, image artifact, acoustic noise, tissue heating, interaction among devices, and the functionality of the device and the MR system.1.3 The amount of RF-induced temperature rise (∆T) for a given incident electric field will depend on the RF frequency, which is dependent on the static magnetic field strength of the MR system. While the focus in this test method is on 1.5 tesla (T) or 3 T MR systems, the ∆T for an implant in MR systems of other static magnetic field strengths or magnet designs can be evaluated by suitable modification of the method described herein.1.4 This test method assumes that testing is done on devices that will be entirely inside the body. Testing for devices with other implantation conditions (e.g., external fixation devices, percutaneous needles, catheters or tethered devices such as ablation probes) is beyond the scope of this standard; for such devices, modifications of this test method may be necessary.NOTE 1: RF-heating induced by any electrically conductive implanted device may be impacted by the presence of other metallic or otherwise electrically conductive devices present nearby.1.5 This test method is written for several possible RF exposure systems, including Volume RF transmit coils. The exposure system needs to be properly characterized, within the stated uncertainties, in term of local background RF exposure for the implants which are tested.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.7 A device with deployed dimensions of less than 2 cm in all directions may not need to be tested with respect to RF-induced heating, as it is expected to generate ∆T of less than 2°C over 1 h of exposure at 1.5 T/64-MHz or 3 T/128-MHz frequencies (1, 2)2 and ANSI/AAMI/ISO 14708-3:2017). This condition is not valid when multiple replicas of the device (e.g., multiple anchors) are implanted within 3 cm of the device.NOTE 2: The above values were derived from existing data and literature. The 3 cm distance is recommended to avoid any RF coupling with other neighboring devices.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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