4.1 This test method measures quantitatively the effects of water soaking and drying, and their associated swelling and shrinking stresses on adhesive bonds in overlay-laminated assemblies.4.2 Adhesive bond performance is based on the ability of the adhesive and adhesive bonds to resist delamination during accelerated exposure to water and heat.4.3 Resistance to delamination when subjected to environmental factors is critical to the performance of the laminated assembly in service.4.4 This test method is to be used to determine the quality of adhesive bonds in overlay-wood core laminates after the adhesive has been certified by a specification appropriate for the product, class, and end use.1.1 This test method provides a procedure to determine the quality of bond between an overlay and a wood core in an adhesively bonded laminate. The quality of bond is determined by measuring the resistance to delamination of the adhesively bonded laminate when tested under specific conditions of preparation, conditioning, and testing. Such products include, but are not limited to, window and door components, such as stiles and rails, and other overlaid panels. Typical wood-based cores are finger-jointed lumber, particleboard, oriented strand board, and hardboard. Typical overlays would be veneer, high-pressure laminate, high-density polyethylene, and fiberglass-reinforced plastic.1.2 Adhesive bond performance as measured by resistance to delamination in this test method is suitable for use in adhesive product development, manufacturing quality control, and monitoring bonding processes.1.3 This test method does not provide guidance for determining bond line performance for plywood products.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

The procedure used for etching the copper foil from the base insulating materials may significantly affect the results of electrical tests. This is true primarily for two reasons. First, the geometry of the copper which remains and forms the electrodes is in part determined by the etching procedure; this is particularly true of closely spaced electrodes on the same surface when the property to be measured depends on the electrode geometry. Second, electrical conductance in the material, particularly surface conductance, may be affected by the chemicals used to etch the copper, the length of time of etching, and the manner in which the specimen is cleaned after etching. This practice standardizes the etching procedure in order to provide a basis for comparison of electrical properties of copper-clad electrical insulating materials and thermosetting laminates. Experience has shown that the test circuit can be accurately prepared using this procedure, and that the specimen will be substantially free of etching-induced, electrically-conductive contaminants. It is recognized that commercial processes utilized to manufacture printed circuits may differ appreciably from this practice. Therefore, the results of tests on specimens etched in accordance with this practice may differ from results obtained on specimens etched in a commercial process. Specimens should be etched in accordance with a procedure different from this practice, if it is desired to determine the influence of the different procedure on electrical properties.1.1 This practice describes a procedure for etching and cleaning copper-clad electrical insulating materials and thermosetting laminates for electrical testing.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements see 6.3 and 6.4.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

5.1 Refer to Guide D8509.1.1 This practice provides instructions for modifying static bearing test methods to determine the fatigue behavior of composite materials subjected to cyclic bearing forces. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites in which the laminate is both symmetric and balanced with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.1.2 This practice supplements Test Method D5961/D5961M with provisions for testing specimens under cyclic loading. Several important test specimen parameters (for example, fastener selection, fastener installation method, and fatigue force/stress ratio) are not mandated by this practice; however, repeatable results require that these parameters be specified and reported.1.3 This practice is limited to test specimens subjected to constant amplitude uniaxial loading, where the machine is controlled so that the test specimen is subjected to repetitive constant amplitude force (stress) cycles. Either engineering stress or applied force may be used as a constant amplitude fatigue variable. The repetitive loadings may be tensile, compressive, or reversed, depending upon the test specimen and procedure utilized.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.4.1 Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers twelve grades of thermosetting laminate with copper foil cladded to one or both surfaces. These combination forms are intended primarily for use in fabrication of printed (etched) wiring or circuit boards. The laminates shall meet the following requirements: peel strength after solder float and at elevated temperature conditions; lengthwise and crosswise flexural strengths; flammability rating; water absorption; volume resistivity; dielectric breakdown parallel to laminations; dissipation factor; and permittivity. Warp or twist, and blistering requirements shall also be tested for conformance.1.1 This specification covers twelve grades of thermosetting laminate with copper foil bonded to one or both surfaces. These combination forms are intended primarily for use in fabrication of printed (etched) wiring or circuit boards.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

5.1 Flexure tests on flat sandwich panel construction may be conducted to determine facesheet scarf or step joint compressive strength.5.2 This practice is limited to obtaining the compressive strength of the sandwich panel scarf and step joint facesheets. Due to the curvature of the flexural test specimen when loaded, facesheet compression strength from this test may not be equivalent to the facesheet compression strength of sandwich structures subjected to pure edgewise (in-plane) compression.5.3 Factors that influence the compressive response and should therefore be reported include the following: materials (laminate facesheet, core, and adhesive); methods of material fabrication; methods of material preparation, including surface preparation prior to bonding, lay-up, specimen facesheet stacking sequence, and overall thickness; core geometry (cell size); core density; adhesive thickness; joint taper ratio or step length; ply overlap length; relative thickness and stiffness of parent and repair laminates; adhesive bond stiffness; specimen preparation; specimen conditioning; environment of testing; specimen alignment; speed of testing; time at temperature; void content; and volume percent reinforcement. Properties, in the test direction, which may be obtained from this practice, include the following:5.3.1 Ultimate compressive strength (based on the nominal repair material thickness), (Frcu).5.3.2 Ultimate running load per ply, (Nj).NOTE 2: Concentrated forces on beams with thin facesheets and low density cores can produce results that are difficult to interpret, especially close to the failure point. Wider loading blocks and rubber pads may assist in distributing the forces.NOTE 3: To ensure that simple sandwich beam theory is valid, a good rule of thumb for the four-point bending test is the support span length divided by the sandwich thickness should be greater than 20 (S/d > 20) with the ratio of repair material facesheet thickness to core thickness less than 0.1 (hr/c < 0.1).1.1 This practice covers the procedure for determination of the compressive strength of a tapered or stepped bonded joint of polymer matrix composite materials. It is applicable to secondary bonded or co-bonded laminates with either unidirectional plies or woven fabric reinforcements. The materials to be bonded may be different systems. In the bondline, a separate adhesive material may or may not be used (example: adhesives may be used with a prepreg system or may not be used with a wet lay-up repair system). The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.7. The standard repair types are the same as for the tensile loading in Practice D8131/D8131M. While external patch repairs are not explicitly covered in this practice, these repairs could be tested as a non-standard specimen using this practice.1.2 This practice supplements Test Method D7249/D7249M for compressive loading of facesheet sandwich constructions by long beam flexure. Several important test specimen parameters (for example, joint length, ply overlaps, step depth, and taper ratio) are not mandated by this practice; however, these parameters are required to be specified and reported to support repeatable results.1.3 Unidirectional (0° ply orientation) composites as well as multi-directional composite laminates and fabric composites, can be tested.1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.4.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

AbstractThese test methods establish the standard procedures for testing copper-clad laminates produced from fiber-reinforced thermosetting polymeric materials intended for fabrication of printed wiring boards. The properties that these test methods shall examine are as follows: dielectric breakdown voltage parallel to laminations; dimensional instability; dissipation factor; flammability rating; flatwise flexural strength at room and elevated temperatures; behavior during oven blister test; peel strength at room and elevated temperatures; permittivity; pin holes and scratches in copper surface; purity of copper; behavior upong solder float test; solvent resistance; surface and volume resistivity; thickness; warp or twist; and water absorption.1.1 These test methods cover the procedures for testing copper-clad laminates produced from fiber-reinforced, thermosetting polymeric materials intended for fabrication of printed wiring boards.1.2 The procedures appear in the following sections:Procedure Section Referenced Documents 2 Conditioning 4 Dielectric Breakdown Voltage Parallel to Laminations 13 Dimensional Instability 19 Dissipation Factor 14 Flammability Rating Test 16 Flexural Strength, Flatwise at Elevated Temperature 15 Flexural Strength, Flatwise at Room Temperature 15 Oven Blister Test 17 Peel Strength Test at Elevated Temperature 10 Peel Strength Test at Room Temperature 9 Permittivity 14 Pin Holes in Copper Surface 20 Purity of Copper 5 Scratches in Copper Surface 21 Solder Float Test 8 Solvent Resistance 7 Surface Resistivity 11 Volume Resistivity 11 Terminology 3 Thickness & Thickness Variation 18 Warp or Twist 6 Water Absorption 121.3 Metric units are the preferred units for these test methods. Inch-pound units, where shown, are presented for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 7.2.1, 8.1, and 11.3.1.

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5.1 This practice provides supplemental instructions for the use of Test Method D6484/D6484M to determine unnotched compressive strength data for material specifications, research and development, material design allowables, and quality assurance. Factors that influence compressive strengths and shall therefore be reported include the following: material, methods of material fabrication, accuracy of lay-up, laminate stacking sequence and overall thickness, specimen preparation, specimen conditioning, environment of testing, specimen alignment and gripping, speed of testing, time at temperature, void content, and volume percent reinforcement. Composite properties in the test direction that may be obtained from this test method include:5.1.1 Unnotched compressive (UNC) strength, Fxunc,5.1.2 Ultimate compressive strain,5.1.3 Compressive (linear or chord) modulus of elasticity, Ec, and5.1.4 Poisson's ratio in compression.5.2 This practice provides a compression test method for laminates containing fibers in multiple fiber directions, particularly those combining axial (0 degree) fibers and off-axis (± θ degree) fibers. Other compression strength test methods include SACMA SRM-1 (also known as the modified D695), D3410/D3410M, D5467/D5467M, D6641/D6641M, and D7249/D7249M. The SRM-1 test uses 12.6 mm [0.50 in.] wide specimens, which is only appropriate for unidirectional tape, cross-ply [0/90]ns tape, or small unit-cell-size fabrics (e.g. 3K-70-P). Larger cell-size fabrics (for example, spread-tow 12K fabrics) should be tested with wider specimens. The standard D3410/D3410M and D6641/D6641M test fixtures do permit the use of wider specimens, for example, 25.4 mm [1.0 in.] wide, and thus can be used to test laminates containing both axial and off-axis fibers; however their gage lengths are relatively short. Test Method D5467/D5467M is intended to obtain the compressive strength of unidirectional laminates, but is expensive due to the sandwich beam configuration. Test Method D7249/D7249M is intended to obtain the compressive strength of sandwich facesheets.5.2.1 Advantages of this practice include:5.2.1.1 Avoiding the use of tabs, which are typically required with the end-loaded SRM-1 specimen, which are often required with the shear loaded Test Method D3410/D3410M specimen, and sometimes required with the Test Method D6641/D6641M test specimen, in order to obtain valid failure modes, and5.2.1.2 Longer and wider gage section imposing less constraint on in-plane transverse displacement.5.2.2 Disadvantages of this practice include:5.2.2.1 Longer and wider specimen, thus consuming more material than other standards noted above1.1 This practice provides instructions for using the Test Method D6484/D6484M open hole compression test fixture to determine unnotched compressive strength of multi-directional laminates. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites in which the laminate is both symmetric and balanced with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.1.1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.2.1 Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 In most cases, because of the complexity of internal stresses and the variety of failure modes that can occur in this specimen, it is not generally possible to relate the short-beam strength to any one material property. However, failures are normally dominated by resin and interlaminar properties, and the test results have been found to be repeatable for a given specimen geometry, material system, and stacking sequence (4).5.2 Short-beam strength determined by this test method can be used for quality control and process specification purposes. It can also be used for comparative testing of composite materials, provided that failures occur consistently in the same mode (5) .5.3 This test method is not limited to specimens within the range specified in Section 8, but is limited to the use of a loading span length-to-specimen thickness ratio of 4.0 and a minimum specimen thickness of 2.0 mm [0.08 in.].1.1 This test method determines the short-beam strength of high-modulus fiber-reinforced composite materials. The specimen is a short beam machined from a curved or a flat laminate up to 6.00 mm [0.25 in.] thick. The beam is loaded in three-point bending.1.2 Application of this test method is limited to continuous- or discontinuous-fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites, for which the elastic properties are balanced and symmetric with respect to the longitudinal axis of the beam.1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.3.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Refer to Guide D8509.1.1 This test method determines the uniaxial bearing/bypass interaction response of multi-directional polymer matrix composite laminates reinforced by high-modulus fibers by either double-shear tensile loading (Procedure A) or single-shear tensile or compressive loading (Procedure B) of a two-fastener specimen. The scope of this test method is limited to net section (bypass) failure modes. Standard specimen configurations using fixed values of test parameters are described for each procedure. A number of test parameters may be varied within the scope of the standard, provided that the parameters are fully documented in the test report. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites for which the laminate is balanced and symmetric with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.1. Test methods for high bypass - low bearing response of polymer matrix composite materials, previously published under Procedure C of this test method, are now published in Test Method D8387/D8387M.1.2 This test method is consistent with the recommendations of Composite Materials Handbook, CMH-17, which describes the desirable attributes of a bearing/bypass interaction response test method.1.3 The two-fastener test configurations described in this test method are similar to those in Test Method D5961/D5961M as well as those used by industry to investigate the bearing portion of the bearing/bypass interaction response for bolted joints, where the specimen may produce either a bearing failure mode or a bypass failure mode. Should the test specimen fail in a bearing failure mode rather than the desired bypass mode, then the test should be considered to be a bearing dominated bearing/bypass test, and the data reduction and reporting procedures of Test Method D5961/D5961M should be used instead of those given in this test method.1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.4.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

5.1 Refer to Guide D8509.1.1 This test method determines the uniaxial high bypass - low bearing interaction response of multi-directional polymer matrix composite laminates reinforced by high-modulus fibers using a two-fastener hard point joint specimen. The scope of this test method is limited to net section (bypass) failure modes. Standard specimen configurations using fixed values of test parameters are described for this procedure. A number of test parameters may be varied within the scope of the standard, provided that the parameters are fully documented in the test report. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites for which the laminate is balanced and symmetric with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.1. This test method was previously published under Test Method D7248/D7248M-17 Procedure C.1.2 This test method is consistent with the recommendations of Composite Materials Handbook, CMH-17, which describes the desirable attributes of a bearing/bypass interaction response test method.1.3 The two-fastener test configurations described in this test method are intended to provide data in the relatively high bypass, low bearing part of the composite bolted joint bearing-bypass interaction diagram. This data complements the data from filled hole tension and compression (Practice D6742/D6742M), bearing (Test Method D5961/D5961M), and low bypass/high bearing interaction (Test Method D7248/D7248M) tests.1.4 This test method requires careful specimen design, instrumentation, data measurement, and data analysis. The use of this test method requires close coordination between the test requestor and the test lab personnel. Test requestors need to be familiar with the data analysis procedures of this test method and should not expect test labs who are unfamiliar with this test method to be able to produce acceptable results without close coordination.1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.5.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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