1.1 This terminology covers terms and their definitions relevant to the use of protective coatings in nuclear power plants.1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 This practice is for use by specifiers, regulatory agencies, owners and inspection organizations that are involved in the rehabilitation of pressure mains and conduits, and in particular potable water lines in the diameter range of 4 to 12 in. The supplier of the FIPLS lining system product should be consulted for design and installation information.1.1 This practice covers requirements and test methods for installation of a semi-structural polyethylene (PE) and encapsulated cement mortar formed-in-place lining system (FIPLS) intended for the rehabilitation of water pipelines from 4 in. to 12 in. This renewal process involves installing a folded PE liner with multiple hooks on the outside face into an existing water pipeline then pumping cement mortar into the annular space and progressively reforming the liner against the original pipe wall by means of forcing a reforming device through the pipeline.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Particular attention is drawn to those safety regulations and requirements involving entering into and working in confined spaces.1.4 This practice is to be used with the material specified in 4.2.1 of F2718 the Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) and Cement Materials for an Encapsulated Cement Mortar Formed in Place Lining System (FIPLS) for the Rehabilitation of Water Pipelines.

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5.1 Safety-related service water system (SWS) components are designed to provide adequate cooling to equipment essential to the safe operation and shutdown of the plant. Linings in these systems are installed to maintain the integrity of the system components by preventing corrosion and erosion of the metal materials of construction. Linings on SWS surfaces upstream of components, including heat exchangers, orifice plates, strainers, and valves, the detachment of which may affect safe-plant operation or shutdown, may be considered safety-related, depending on plant-specific licensing commitments and design bases.5.2 The testing presented in this guide is used to provide reasonable assurance that the linings, when properly applied, will be suitable for the intended service by preventing corrosion and erosion for some extended period of time. Additionally, the test data derived allows development of schedules, methods, and techniques for assessing the condition of the lining materials (see Guide D7167). The ultimate objective of the testing is to avoid lining failures that could result in blockage of equipment, such as piping or heat transfer components, preventing the system or component from performing its intended safety function.5.3 It is expected that this guide will be used by:5.3.1 Lining manufacturers for comparing specific products and systems and to establish a qualification basis for recommended linings and5.3.2 End users seeking a consistent design basis for candidate coating systems.5.4 In the event of conflict, users of this guide must recognize that the licensee's plant-specific quality assurance program and licensing commitments shall prevail with respect to the selection process for and qualification of CSL III lining materials.5.5 Operating experience has shown that the most severe operating conditions with respect to heat exchanger linings occur on pass partitions. A phenomenon known as the “cold wall effect” accelerates moisture permeation through a coating applied to the warmer side of a partition that separates fluids at two different temperatures. The thickness and permeability of the lining are key variables affecting the ability of a lining to withstand cold wall blistering.5.5.1 This effect is particularly pronounced when the separated fluids are water, though the effect will occur when only air is on the other side, for example, an outdoor tank filled with warm liquid. A heat exchanger pass partition represents geometry uniquely vulnerable to the water-to-water maximized temperature differentials (ΔTs) that drive the cold wall effect.5.5.2 Pass partitions separate relatively cold incoming cooling water from the discharge water warmed by the heat exchanger's thermal duty. Improperly designed coatings will exhibit moisture permeation to the substrate accelerated by the cold-wall effect. Many instances of premature pass partition warm-side blistering have been noted in the nuclear industry. Such degradation has also been seen on lined cover plate and channel barrel segments that reflect water-to-air configurations.5.6 Large water-to-water ΔTs are known to be the most severe design condition. The test device used to replicate ΔT configurations is known as an “Atlas cell.” Atlas cell testing is governed by industry standard test methodologies (Test Method C868 and NACE TM0174). A lining proven suitable for the most severe hypothesized ΔT would also be suitable for service on other waterside surfaces.5.7 Plant cooling water varies in composition and temperature seasonally. For purposes of standardization, demineralized water is used in Atlas cell exposures rather than raw plant water. It is generally accepted in polymeric coatings technology that low-conductivity water (deionized or demineralized) is more aggressive with respect to its ability to permeate linings than raw water. Thus, stipulating use of low-conductivity water as the test medium is considered conservative.1.1 This guide establishes procedures for evaluating lining system test specimens under simulated operating conditions.1.2 Lining systems to be tested in accordance with this guide are intended for use in both new construction and for refurbishing existing systems or components.1.3 The lining systems evaluated in accordance with this guide are expected to be applied to metal substrates comprising water-wetted (that is, continuous or intermittent immersion) surfaces in systems that may include:1.3.1 Service water piping upstream of safety-related components,1.3.2 Service water pump internals (draft tube, volutes, and diffusers),1.3.3 Service water heat exchanger channels, pass partitions, tubesheets, end bells, and covers,1.3.4 Service water strainers, and1.3.5 Refueling water storage tanks and refuel cavity water storage tanks.1.4 This guide anticipates that the lining systems to be tested include liquid-grade and paste-grade polymeric materials. Sheet type lining materials, such as rubber, are excluded from the scope of this guide.1.5 Because of the specialized nature of these tests and the desire in many cases to simulate to some degree the expected service environment, the creation of a standard practice is not practical. This standard gives guidance in setting up tests and specifies test procedures and reporting requirements that can be followed even with differing materials, specimen preparation methods, and test facilities.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This practice covers the minimum requirements for installing clay flue lining for residential concrete or masonry chimneys. Footings shall be constructed of concrete or solid masonry and the foundation shall be placed with respect to adjacent structures to minimize the possibility of damage. Both the concrete footings and foundations shall conform to local building codes. Flue liners shall be installed using refractory mortar in such a manner as to minimize ledges or steps within the flue passageway and shall be surrounded by masonry on all sides with a separation not exceeding the flue liner wall thickness. Materials used for chimney construction shall comprise of the following: flue linings, refractory mortar, concrete block, brick, mortar, firebrick, and natural stone. Chimney connection shall be made by either a metal or clay thimble while the chimney caps shall be made of precast or cast-in-place concrete, metal, or stone caps. Combustible materials shall be permitted to abut the masonry chimney sidewalls; wherein, the minimum air space clearance between the interior or exterior masonry chimneys and the combustible materials shall be met.1.1 This practice covers the minimum requirements for installing clay flue lining for residential concrete or masonry chimneys.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers the design and fabrication of metal components for flue gas desulfurization equipment, including absorber, tanks, chimney liners, ductwork, and associated equipment intended for use in protective lining applications, that are to be lined for corrosion or abrasion resistance, or both. It does not however cover the structural performance of the components and the use of metallic linings. Each of the components shall be designed in such a way that it conforms to the engineering requirements for rigidity wherein the effects of pressure, wind, seismic, and other design loads shall be considered; accessability to welding, grinding, surface preparation, and lining application; shell penetrations; appurtenances inside components such as agitators, anti-swirl baffles, gaging devices, internal piping, ladders, and support brackets; and structural reinforcement members and supports. All internal welds shall be continuous without imperfections and the degree of weld preparation prior to lining shall depend on the type of lining to be applied. Riveted joints and internal bolted joints shall not be used while lap bolted joints shall be avoided whenever possible. Intermittent or spot welding shall not be permitted as well.1.1 This specification covers the design and fabrication of metal components for flue gas desulfurization (FGD) equipment, including absorbers, tanks, chimney liners, ductwork and associated equipment that are to be lined for corrosion or abrasion resistance, or both.1.2 Limitations: 1.2.1 This specification is intended only to define the design considerations for successful application and performance of protective linings for FGD system components.1.2.2 It does not cover structural performance of FGD components.1.2.3 It does not cover use of metallic linings.1.3 This specification represents the minimum requirements for lining work. In cases in which the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations differ from this specification, these differences shall be resolved before fabrication is started.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 This performance specification covers woven flat lining fabrics composed of any textile fiber or mixture of textile fibers for men's and boys' apparel.1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to woven pile, woven fusible, fire-bonded fusible, sliver-knit pile, and sheepskin lining fabrics.1.3 These requirements apply to the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method described in this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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1.1 This guide is intended to aid the coating specification writer in selecting and specifying the appropriate inspection requirements. It indicates the inspection requirements that may be employed for each of four service environments including mild, moderate, severe, and immersion (see Table 1).1.2 In order to aid the user in determining when to specify inspection requirements, a relationship between the consequence of failure and the suggested level of inspection is demonstrated (see Fig. 1).1.3 It is not the intent of this guide to address the selection of protective coating systems, to specify surface preparation and application requirements, or to be a referenced document in a specification.

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