定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers hot- and cold-worked precipitation hardenable cobalt-containing alloys (UNS R30155 and UNS R30816) rod, bar, forgings, and forging stock for high temperature service. The material shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, columbium, tantalum, iron, cobalt, and nitrogen. The materials shall conform to the required tensile and hardness properties such namely tensile strength, yield strength, alongation and Brinell hardness. The alloys shall also conform to the required stress-rupture properties. Dimensions such as diameter, thickness, or width, out-of-round, corners, cut lengths, straightness for cold-worked and hot-worked rod and bar shall be measured.1.1 This specification covers hot- and cold-worked precipitation hardenable cobalt-containing alloys (UNS R30155 and UNS R30816)2 rod, bar, forgings, and forging stock for high-temperature service.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys are primarily intended as referee methods to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications, particularly those under the jurisdiction of Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory under appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.1.1 These test methods describe the chemical analysis of nickel, cobalt, and high-temperature alloys having chemical compositions within the following limits:  Element Composition Range, %    Aluminum   0.005 to 7.00      Beryllium   0.001 to 0.05      Boron   0.001 to 1.00      Calcium   0.002 to 0.05      Carbon   0.001 to 1.10      Chromium   0.10 to 33.00      Cobalt   0.10 to 75.00      Copper   0.01 to 35.00      Iron   0.01 to 50.00      Lead   0.001 to 0.01      Magnesium   0.001 to 0.05      Manganese   0.01 to 3.0      Molybdenum   0.01 to 30.0      Niobium (Columbium)   0.01 to 6.0       Nickel   0.10 to 98.0      Nitrogen   0.001 to 0.20      Phosphorus   0.002 to 0.08      Sulfur   0.002 to 0.10      Silicon   0.01 to 5.00      Tantalum   0.005 to 1.00      Tin   0.002 to 0.10      Titanium   0.01 to 5.00      Tungsten   0.01 to 18.00      Vanadium   0.01 to 3.25      Zinc   0.001 to 0.01      Zirconium   0.01 to 2.50    1.2 The test methods in this standard are contained in the sections indicated as follows:Aluminum, Total by the 8-Quinolinol Gravimetric Method (0.20 % to 7.00 %) 53 to 60Chromium by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.018 % to 1.00 %) 91 to 100Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate Oxidation—Titration Method (0.10 % to 33.00 %) 101 to 109Cobalt by the Ion-Exchange-Potentiometric Titration Method (2 % to 75 %) 25 to 32Cobalt by the Nitroso-R-Salt Spectrophotometric Method (0.10 % to 5.0 %) 33 to 42Copper by Neocuproine Spectrophotometric Method (0.010 % to 10.00 %) 43 to 52Iron by the Silver Reduction Titrimetric Method (1.0 % to 50.0 %) 118 to 125Manganese by the Metaperiodate Spectrophotometric Method (0.05 % to 2.00 %) 8 to 17Molybdenum by the Ion Exchange—8-Hydroxyquinoline  Gravimetric Method (1.5 % to 30 %) 110 to 117Molybdenum by the Thiocyanate Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to 1.50 %) 79 to 90Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Gravimetric Method (0.1 % to 84.0 %) 61 to 68Niobium by the Ion Exchange—Cupferron Gravimetric Method (0.5 % to 6.0 %) 126 to 133Silicon by the Gravimetric Method (0.05 % to 5.00 %) 18 to 24Tantalum by the Ion Exchange—Pyrogallol Spectrophotometric Method (0.03 % to 1.0 %) 134 to 142Tin by the Solvent Extraction-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.002 % to 0.10 %) 69 to 781.3 Other test methods applicable to the analysis of nickel alloys that may be used in lieu of or in addition to this method are E1019, E1834, E1835, E1917, E1938, E2465, E2594, E2823.1.4 Some of the composition ranges given in 1.1 are too broad to be covered by a single method, and therefore, these test methods contain multiple methods for some elements. The user must select the proper test method by matching the information given in the scope and interference sections of each test method with the composition of the alloy to be analyzed.1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are regarded as standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific caution and hazard statements are given in Section 7 and in 13.4, 15.1.1, 15.1.2, 21.2, 22.3, 57.3, 84.2, 114.5, 115.14, 130.4, 130.5, 138.5, and 138.6.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers the requirements for the manufacture of wrought cobalt-20chromium-15tungsten-10nickel surgical fixation wire. The starting material, dimensions, and tolerances shall conform to the requirements specified. The surgical fixation wire is usually furnished in the bright-annealed condition. Mechanical properties of the surgical fixation wire such as tensile strength and elongation shall be determined.1.1 This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and metallurgical requirements for the manufacture of wrought cobalt-20chromium-15tungsten-10nickel surgical fixation wire.1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 This test method sets forth a procedure by which catalyst samples may be compared either on an interlaboratory or intralaboratory basis. It is anticipated that catalyst producers and users will find this test method to be of value.1.1 This test method covers the determination of cobalt (expressed as the oxide) in fresh cobalt-molybdenum catalyst, in the range of 0.5 to 10 % cobalt oxide.1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers the requirements for wrought cobalt-35nickel-20chromium-10molybdenum alloy for use in the manufacture of surgical implants. The alloy shall be manufactured into plates, sheets, and foils in the annealed, cold-worked, or cold-worked and capability-aged condition. The plates may be available in ground or dull finish, while the sheet and foil may be of dull cold-rolled, bright cold-rolled, intermediate polished, general-purpose polished, dull satin finished, high luster finish, or mirror finish. In addition, plate edges may be of rolled edge or approximate square edge, while for sheet and foil, edges may be approximate square edge or an edge produced by slitting or shearing. Heat and product analyses as well as tests for ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, hardness, and average grain size shall be performed and shall conform to the requirements specified.1.1 This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and metallurgical requirements for wrought cobalt-35nickel-20chromium-10molybdenum alloy (UNS R30035) in the form of plate, sheet, and foil to be used in the manufacture of surgical implants.1.2 Units—The SI units in this standard are the primary units. The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with this standard.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

3.1 This practice uses one monitor (cobalt) with a nearly 1/v absorption cross-section curve and a second monitor (silver) with a large resonance peak so that its resonance integral is large compared to its thermal cross section. The pertinent data for these two reactions are given in Table 1. The equations are based on the Westcott formalism ((2, 3) and Practice E261) and determine a Westcott 2200 m/s neutron fluence rate nv0 and the Westcott epithermal index parameter. References (4-6) contain a general discussion of the two-reaction test method. In this practice, the absolute activities of both cobalt and silver monitors are determined. This differs from the test method in the references wherein only one absolute activity is determined.(A) The numbers in parentheses following given values are the uncertainty in the last digit(s) of the value; 0.729 (8) means 0.729 ± 0.008, 70.8(1) means 70.8 ± 0.1.(B) The decay constant, λ, is defined as ln(2) / t1/2 with units of sec–1, where t1/2 is the nuclide half-life in seconds.(C) Calculated using Eq 10.(D) In Fig. 1, Θ = 4ErkT/AΓ2 = 0.2 corresponds to the value for 109Ag for T = 293 K, ∑r = N0σr,max,T=0Kσr,max,T=0K = 31138.03 barn at 5.19 eV (13). The value of σr,max,T=0K = 31138.03 barns is calculated using the Breit-Wigner single-level resonance formulawhere the 109Ag atomic mass is A = 108.9047558 amu (14), the ENDF/B-VIII.0 (MAT = 4731) (13) resonance parameters are: resonance total width Γ = 0.1427333 eV, formation neutron width Γn = 0.0127333 eV, and radiative/decay width Γγ = 0.13 eV, with a resonance spin J=1, and the statistical spin factorwhere s1 = 1/2 and s2 = 1/2 are the spins of the two particles (neutron and 109Ag ground state (15)) forming resonance.3.2 The advantages of this approach are the elimination of four difficulties associated with the use of cadmium: (1) the perturbation of the field by the cadmium; (2) the inexact cadmium cut-off energy; (3) the low melting temperature of cadmium; and (4) the potential for high dose-rate encountered when handling activated cadmium. In addition, the reactivity changes accompanying the rapid insertion and removal of cadmium may prohibit the use of the cadmium-ratio method. Self-shielding corrections are only important if the concentrations of cobalt and silver are large, but may be neglected for diluted alloys (<1 %). Studies indicate that the accuracy of the two-reaction method for determination of thermal neutron fluence is comparable to the cadmium-ratio method (16).3.3 The long half-lives of the two monitors permit the determination of fluence for long-term monitoring.1.1 This practice covers a suitable means of obtaining the thermal neutron fluence rate, or fluence, in nuclear reactor environments where the use of cadmium, as a thermal neutron shield as described in Test Method E262, is undesirable for reasons such as potential spectrum perturbations or due to temperatures above the melting point of cadmium.1.2 The reaction 59Co(n,γ )60Co results in a well-defined gamma emitter having a half-life of 5.2711 years2 (8)3 (1).4 The reaction 109Ag(n,γ)110mAg results in a nuclide with a well-known, complex decay scheme with a half-life of 249.78 (2) days (1). Both cobalt and silver are available either in very pure form or alloyed with other metals such as aluminum. A reference source of cobalt in aluminum alloy to serve as a neutron fluence rate monitor wire standard is available from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as Standard Reference Material (SRM) 953.5 The competing activities from neutron activation of other isotopes are eliminated, for the most part, by waiting for the short-lived products to die out before counting. With suitable techniques, thermal neutron fluence rate in the range from 108 cm−2·s−1 to 3 × 1015 cm−2·s−1 can be measured. Two calculational practices are described in Section 9 for the determination of neutron fluence rates. The practice described in 9.3 may be used in all cases. This practice describes a means of measuring a Westcott neutron fluence rate in 9.2 (Note 1) by activation of cobalt- and silver-foil monitors (see Terminology E170). For the Wescott Neutron Fluence Convention method to be applicable, the measurement location must be well moderated and be well represented by a Maxwellian low-energy distribution and an (1/E) epithermal distribution. These conditions are usually only met in positions surrounded by hydrogenous moderator without nearby strongly multiplying or absorbing materials.NOTE 1: Westcott fluence rate1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard, except in the case of nuclear data where the source referenced units are retained in order to preserve the integrity of the referenced uncertainty values.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车