5.1 This test method is intended to evaluate the penetration and permeation resistance for complete ensembles to vapors from chemical warfare agents and other chemical substances.5.1.1 This test method differs from Test Method F1052 by providing an evaluation of ensembles worn on human test subjects and measuring the inward leakage of a chemical agent vapor simulant as it would be absorbed by the wearer’s skin. Test Method F1052 is not applicable to the range of protective ensembles that are evaluated by this test method.5.1.2 This test method differs from Test Method F1359/F1359M by using a chemical agent vapor simulant as compared to a liquid challenge and in the use of human test subjects. This test method further provides a quantitative assessment of inward leakage for the chemical agent vapor simulant.5.1.3 The use of this test method to determine the inward leakage of other chemical vapor threats must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.5.2 This test method is applied to complete ensembles consisting of a suit or garment in combination with gloves, footwear, respirators, and interface devices.5.2.1 This test method permits any combination or configuration of ensemble elements and components, including ensembles where the respirator covers the face or head.5.2.2 This test method accommodates protective ensembles or protective clothing having any combination of the following characteristics:(1) The protective ensemble or clothing is constructed of air-permeable, semipermeable, or impermeable fabrics,(2) The protective ensemble or clothing is of a single or multi-layered design, or(3) The protective ensemble or clothing is constructed of inert or sorptive fabrics.5.3 MeS has been used as a simulant for chemical warfare agents. MeS is primarily a simulant for distilled mustard (HD) with a similar vapor pressure, density, and water solubility. The use of MeS in vapor form does not simulate all agents or hazardous substances to which ensemble wearers are potentially exposed.5.4 The principal results of this test are physiological protective dosage factors that indicate the relative effectiveness of the ensemble in preventing the inward leakage of the chemical agent vapor simulant and its consequent dosage to the wearer’s skin as determined by the use and placement of personal adsorbent devices (PAD) on human test subjects.5.4.1 Specific information on inward leakage of chemical agent vapor simulant is provided by local physiological protective dosage factors for individual PAD locations to assist in determining possible points of entry of the chemical agent vapor simulant into the ensemble.5.4.2 The determination of the local physiological protective dosage factors is based on ratio of the outside exposure dosage to the inside exposure dosage on the wearer’s skin at specific locations of the body and accounts for the specific susceptibility of the average human’s skin at those locations to the effects of blister agent, distilled mustard using the onset of symptoms exposure dosages (OSED) at different points on the body. The specific OSED values used in this test method are based on the exposure concentration of distilled mustard that causes threshold effects to the average individual human in the form of reversible skin ulceration and blistering (1).55.4.3 The body locations chosen for the placement of PADs were chosen to represent the range of body areas on the human body, with preference to those body areas generally near interfaces found in common two-piece ensembles with separate respirator, gloves, and footwear. Additional locations are permitted to be used for the placement of PAD where there are specific areas of interest for evaluating the inward leakage of the chemical agent vapor simulant.NOTE 1: Common interface areas for protective ensemble include the hood to respirator facemask, clothing or suit closure, upper torso garment to lower torso garment, garment sleeve to glove, and garment pant cuff to footwear.5.4.4 An assessment of the vapor penetration and permeation resistance for the entire ensemble is provided by the determination of a systemic physiological protective dosage factor. The same PAD data are used in a body region hazard analysis to determine the overall physiological protective dosage factor accounting for the areas of the body represented by the location, and the relative effects of the nerve agent, VX. A systemic analysis assists in the evaluation for those chemical agents, such as nerve agents, affecting the human body through a cumulative dose absorbed by the skin (2).5.4.5 Examples of analyses applying PAD data for the assessment of ensemble inward leakage resistance are provided in NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective Ensemble for Structural and Proximity Fire Fighting, and NFPA 1994, Standard on Protective Ensemble for CBRN Terrorism Incidents.5.4.6 The general procedures in this test method are based on Test Operations Procedure (TOP 10-2-022), Man-In-Simulant Test (MIST)—Chemical Vapor Testing of Chemical/ Biological Protective Suits.5.5 The human subject activities simulate possible causes of changes in ensemble vapor barrier during expected activities. These activities are primarily based on stationary activities provided in Part A of Practices F1154 and are intended to create movements that are likely to affect the integrity of the ensemble and its interface areas. Additional activities (such as dragging a dummy and climbing a ladder) have been added to simulate activities that might be used by first responders during emergency events such as rescuing victims from a terrorism incident involving chemical agents. The test method permits the modification of the activity protocol to simulate the specific needs of the protective ensemble application.5.6 The length of the human subject exposure to the chemical agent vapor simulant is set at 30 min in the test chamber with a 5-min decontamination period. This test duration is intended to replicate a possible exposure of a first responder during a terrorism incident involving chemical agents. If a self-contained breathing apparatus is used, a 60-min rated respirator must be used or provisions made for supplemental umbilical air (through a supplied air system). The test method permits the adjustment of the exposure period to simulate the specific needs of the protective ensemble application.5.7 Test results generated by this test method are specific to the ensemble being evaluated. Changing any part of the ensemble necessitates a new set of testing for the modified ensemble.5.8 Additional information on man-in-simulant testing is provided in (3).1.1 This test method specifies the test equipment and procedures for conducting tests to estimate the entry of chemical agent vapor simulant through protective ensembles while worn by test subjects.1.2 This test method permits the evaluation of protective ensembles consisting of protective garments or suits, gloves, footwear, respirators, and interface devices.1.3 The results of this test method yield local physiological protective dosage factors at individual locations of the human body as well as a systemic physiological protective dosage factor for the entire ensemble.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

4.1 This practice is for use by designers and specifiers, regulatory agencies, owners, and inspection organizations involved in the rehabilitation of non-pressure sewers and conduits. As for any practice, modifications may be required for specific job conditions.1.1 This practice describes the procedures for the rehabilitation of sewer lines and conduits by the installation of a field-fabricated PVC liner. After installation of the liner, cementitious grout is injected into the annular space between the liner and the existing sewer or conduit. The rehabilitation of the host structure by this installation practice results in a rigid composite structure (PVC/grout/existing pipe). This rehabilitation process may be used in a variety of gravity applications, such as sanitary sewers, storm sewers and process piping of man-entry sizes (36 to 144 in. in vertical dimension). The profile strips used for field fabrication of PVC liners are supplied in coils for spiral winding of the liner or in custom-cut flat panels for circumferential lining of all or any portion of the circumference of the host conduit (see Figs. 1 and 2).FIG. 1 Example of Profile PVC StripFIG. 2 Typical Installations with Panels1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Particular attention is drawn to those safety regulations and requirements involving entering into and working in confined spaces.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Riprap is commonly used to prevent erosion of underlying materials due to the effects of rain runoff, wind, flowing water, or wave action. The particle size distribution (mass of particles) is an important physical characteristic of riprap, as discussed in Guide D6825. These test methods provide a gradation of the material graphically represented as percent finer than the particle mass. If a gradation can be established or accepted on the basis of only maximum and minimum particle sizes, then it may not be necessary to establish the complete gradation in accordance with these test methods.5.2 These test methods can be used during evaluation of a potential source, as a means of product acceptance, or for assessment of existing installations. Method D is not recommended as a means of product acceptance.5.3 Other characteristics of interest, such as particle shape, particle angularity, or visually evident rock durability characteristics may be determined during the performance of these test methods.5.4 Interpretation of test results must consider the representativeness of the sample.NOTE 2: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent upon the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 These test methods cover the particle size and mass analysis of natural and man-made riprap and related materials, including filter stone or coarse bedding materials.1.2 These test methods are generally intended for riprap and related materials. They are applicable for mixtures of stones screened from natural deposits, blast rock, processed materials from quarried rock, or recycled concrete. They are applicable for sizes 3 in. (75 mm) and above, with the upper size limited only by equipment available for handling and determining the mass of the individual particles.1.3 Four alternate procedures are provided. There is a wide range in the level of effort and the precision of the test procedures. It is important for specifiers to indicate the test procedure. Test reports should clearly indicate which procedure was used.NOTE 1: While conducting these test methods, it may be convenient to collect data on other attributes, such as the amount of slab pieces and deleterious materials.1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026, unless superseded by this standard.1.4.1 For purposes of comparing measured or calculated value(s) with specified limits, the measured or calculated value(s) shall be rounded to the nearest decimal or significant digits in the specified limits.1.4.2 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated, in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

This specification covers the requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, extrusion quality, and form of marking for extruded poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) profile strips used for field fabrication of PVC liners for existing man-entry sewer and conduit rehabilitation. The strips shall be subjected to acetone immersion, elasticity, and hydrostatic pressure tests in the standard laboratory atmosphere under specific temperature and relative humidity conditions to determine conformance to extrusion quality, flexural rigidity, and joint leakage requirements, respectively. The extruded profile strips shall be homogeneous throughout and free from visible cracks, holes, foreign inclusions, or other injurious defects and shall be as uniform as commercially practical in color, opacity, density, and other physical properties.1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, extrusion quality, and a form of marking for extruded poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) profile strips used for field fabrication of PVC liners for existing man-entry (36 in. to 144 in. (900 mm to 3650 mm) in vertical dimension) sewer and conduit rehabilitation.1.2 Profile strip produced to this specification is for use in field fabrication of PVC liners in non-pressure pipe and conduit rehabilitation where the liner is installed into the existing sewer or conduit and the annular space between the liner and the existing sewer or conduit is grouted with cementitious grout.NOTE 1: The practice for the installation of PVC liner covered by this specification is Practice F1698.1.3 This specification includes extruded profile strips made only from materials specified in 6.1.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 Inorganic fibrous thermal insulation can contain varying amounts of non-fibrous material. Non-fibrous material does not contribute to the insulating value of the insulation and therefore a procedure for determining that amount is desirable. Several specifications refer to shot content and percent (%) retained on various screen sizes determined by this test method.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the non-fibrous content (shot) of man-made rock and slag mineral fiber insulation. The procedure covers a dry sieve analysis method to distinguish between fiberized and non-fiberized (shot) portions of a specimen of man-made rock and slag mineral fiber insulation specimen.1.2 This test method does not apply to rock or slag materials containing any components other than rock and slag mineral fiber, oil, and organic thermal setting binders. Products containing other types of fibers, inorganic binders, or refractory clays are excluded.NOTE 1: Industrial oils such as mineral or synthetic can be used to enhance the hydrophobic qualities and dust suppression.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 These tolerances are applicable to all yarns 59 tex (10.00/1 cotton count) or coarser spun of man-made fiber(s), 4.5 to 30.0 dtex/filament, (4 to 25 denier/filament) and spun on the parallel worsted or modified worsted system. These tolerances do not apply to novelty or fancy yarns spun on the parallel worsted or modified worsted system. Note 1-For tolerances for other spun yarns, see Tolerances D2644, Tolerances D2645, Specification D541, and Specification D681. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard; the values in inch-pound units are provided as information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元 加购物车

This specification establishes the requirements and test methods for the materials, dimensions, workmanship, and finished quality of injection molded polyvinyl chloride (PVC) profile sections used for the field fabrication of a PVC liner inside existing man-entry size circular and non-circular sewers; circular, non-circular, and box culverts, conduits, and vertical shafts or manholes having dimensions of 39.4 in. and larger (1000 mm and larger). It covers segmental panel system for non-pressure applications where the PVC liner is installed in the existing structure and the annular space between the liner and the existing structure is grouted with a low viscosity, high strength cementitious grout.1.1 This specification covers the requirements and test methods for the materials, dimensions, workmanship, and finished quality of injection molded poly vinyl chloride (PVC) profile sections used for the field fabrication of a PVC liner inside existing man-entry size circular and non-circular sewers; circular, non-circular, and box culverts, conduits, and vertical shafts or manholes having dimensions of 39.4 in. and larger (1000 mm and larger).1.2 The segmental panel system produced under this specification is for non-pressure applications where the PVC liner is installed in the existing structure and the annular space between the liner and the existing structure is grouted with a low viscosity, high strength cementitious grout.1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 The practice describes the procedures for the rehabilitation of gravity pipes, culverts, tunnels, and conduits by the installation of a field-fabricated PVC liner system. After installation of the liner system, cementitious grout is pumped into the annular space between the liner and the host structure. The rehabilitation of the host structure by this installation practice results in a rigid composite structure (PVC liner/grout/existing pipe). This type of rehabilitation process is suitable for a variety of gravity pipe applications such as storm sewers, sanitary sewers, and culverts; and with geometries including circular, egg, ovoid, elliptical, arch, and site-specific composite shapes.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车