5.1 Regulations prescribing the test procedures for hazardous materials packaging allow for the substitution of non-hazardous fill materials for packaging performance tests with certain limitations as outlined in 49 CFR 178.602(c). This regulatory guidance has proven to be flexible enough, in common industry practice, to produce variations in the selection of fill materials for package performance tests that may cause inconsistent and non-repeatable test results. This variation has the potential to create significant problems in product liability, packaging selection, and regulatory enforcement in this highly regulated industry. Use of this guide should enhance uniformity in test procedures.5.2 Consistent and repeatable test results coupled with clear test fill product descriptions will enhance transportation safety by simplifying packaging selection. This will also increase the general level of confidence that package testing, manufacture and use are being guided by sound, generally accepted engineering principles. It also aids in clarifying expectations between the packaging industry and the regulatory authorities.5.3 The guide will be used by packaging manufacturers, and packaging test labs to create packaging test plans that meet customer needs and conform to the HMR under the widest possible situational circumstances. In addition, for the user of a packaging, certain information about the type and physical characteristics of the material used to test the packaging must be available in the test report and/or notification instruction to allow them to evaluate whether a particular packaging was tested with a substitute material appropriate for the hazardous material to be shipped.5.4 For more information on the UN certification tests, refer to Guide D4919. For guidance on determining the appropriate fill materials for preparing samples for UN certification testing with solids reference Guide D8135. For conditioning of plastic packaging designs reference Guide D7790.1.1 This guide is intended to clarify the selection, use, and description criteria of non-hazardous liquid substitutes used to replace liquid hazardous materials on packagings designs being subjected to United Nations (UN) performance-oriented packaging certification as required by United States Department of Transportation Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations (49 CFR) and the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (UN). This includes identification of the physical parameters of substitute non-hazardous liquid test fill materials that may affect packaging performance and test results and should be considered when selecting and describing a test fill material that conforms to the requirements of the Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR).1.2 This guide provides information to assist packaging users, manufacturers, and performance testing service suppliers regarding the types of physical properties that should be considered when selecting substitute liquid filling substances for the testing, certification, and manufacture of packagings under the United Nations packaging protocols as adopted by US DOT in 49 CFR HMR..1.3 This guide provides the suggested minimum information concerning the physical characteristics of the filling substances that should be documented in the certification test report and notification to users to allow for test repeatability and analysis. Attention should be paid to the differences in physical characteristics of the substance used in the test compared to the materials transported.1.4 This guide does not purport to address regulatory requirements regarding the compatibility of filling substances with transport packagings. Compatibility requirements must be assessed separately, but it should be noted that under certain national and international dangerous goods regulations, the selection of the filling substances for package performance testing may be prescribed with respect to chemical compatibility requirements.NOTE 1: Under the US HMR determination of packaging compatibility with a particular hazardous fill material is “the responsibility of the person offering the hazardous material for transportation” as prescribed in 49 CFR § 173.24(e).1.5 The units of measurement are consistent with the HMR.1.6 When testing packaging designs intended for hazardous materials (dangerous goods), the user of this guide shall be trained in accordance with 49 CFR §172.700 and other applicable hazardous materials regulations such as the ICAO Technical Instructions, IMDG Code, other applicable national or international dangerous goods regulations that govern the testing, manufacture and use of packagings authorized for the transportation of Dangerous Goods, and carrier rules such as the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method can be used to determine in-place permeability of synthetic turf playing field systems, playing field systems with pad and or premolded drainage boards, playing field systems with premolded panel base systems, porous and non porous pavement systems in order to confirm compliance with design specifications and or evaluate existing as-built conditions. The simplicity of the test method, the quickness of the procedure, and the limited requirement for special tools and apparatus’ makes this ideal for performing a large quantity of tests over a large area such as a sports field.5.2 Synthetic turf field systems tend to drain under several flow regimes. The first flow regime is surface flow where water travels across the surface from typically higher elevations to lower elevations. The second flow regime is flow through the turf surface and base system. The third flow regime is lateral flow, which has two parts. Lateral flow within the section of the turf surface and lateral flow within the pre-molded drainage board, porous pavement and or base stone system below the turf. These are depicted diagrammatically in Fig. 1.FIG. 1 Basic Flow Regime Diagram5.3 This test method can provide owners, designers and turf system builders with a clear indication of actual in-field permeability flow rates with limited effect of lateral flow through base systems and no effect from head pressure.5.4 This test method can be used to determine the effectiveness of treatments intended to reduce the effect of hydrophobicity which has been known to decrease the permeability of some synthetic turf infill materials and components.5.5 The observable performance of the test method enables one to determine permeability by both a quantitative and qualitative measure.1.1 This test method may be used to determine the permeability rate of synthetic turf playing field systems, playing field systems with pad or premolded drainage boards, or both, playing field systems with premolded panel base systems, porous and non porous pavement systems, or base stone systems in the field, or a combination thereof, by non-confined area flood test method. This system is suitable for use on the finish synthetic turf playing surface and on the stone base system below the playing system.1.2 This test method is applicable for synthetic turf playing field systems and stone bases where system is designed for permeability through the synthetic turf surface and or through a base stone surface. It is also suitable for synthetic turf playing systems that are directly underlined with resilient and nonresilient pre-molded drainage boards systems and porous pavement base systems. The method tests a larger surface area than confined ring test methods and decreases the effect lateral flow within the surface and or stone base system due to the large increase in the ratio of test surface area to the synthetic turf playing system and stone base system thickness. The method is intended to more accurately mimic natural storm flow conditions by eliminating the effect of head pressure created by the water column height which creates a pressure flow condition at the surface of the test area that does not exist naturally.1.3 This test method is intended for finish-graded and compacted stone or finished surfaces that are installed with cross-slope gradients of less than 2.0 % or under conditions where the effect of cross-slope is mitigated by high system permeability. High sloping systems tend to have high sloping base systems which may impact results due to increases in the lateral flow within the section caused increased hydraulic energy caused by larger slopes.1.4 This test method is not applicable for conditions or locations in-which surface flow, due to high surface cross-slope or proximity, carries water flow from the test site to surface and subsurface drainage trenches or structures.1.5 Further, this test method may be impacted if preformed directly after a significant rainfall event in cases where the downstream capacity of the receiving drainage system is taxed to the extent that water backs up in the downstream system.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This standard covers definitions pertaining to non-asbestos fiber-reinforced cement products under the jurisdiction of Committee C17.1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This terminology defines basic terms and considerations for the components of scissors with either inserted or non-inserted blades (see Fig. 1). Instruments in this terminology are limited to those fabricated having scissor blades made from stainless steel and used for surgical procedures.FIG. 1 Components of a Scissors (Inserted and Non-Inserted)1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

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5.1 Low operating temperature fuel cells such as PEMFCs require high purity hydrogen for optimal performance and longevity. Organic halides and formaldehyde can react with catalyst in PEMs and non-methane hydrocarbons degrade PEM stack performance.1.1 The gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) procedure described in this test method is used to determine concentrations of total organic halides and total non-methane hydrocarbons (TNMHC) in hydrogen by measurement of individual target halocarbons (Table 1) and hydrocarbons (including formaldehyde, Table 1 and Table 2), respectively.1.2 Mention of trade names in this test method does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Other manufacturers’ equipment or equipment models can be used.1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 This consumer safety specification covers establishment of performance requirements, test methods, and labeling requirements to minimize the hazards to users of scooters as identified in the introduction.1.2 This specification is intended to cover use of this product for children ages 5 years and older.1.3 No scooter produced after the approval date of this specification shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all requirements herein.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this consumer safety specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

2.1 The terms defined in this document are generic in respect to the standards under the jurisdiction of Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys. The same terms may have different definitions in other ASTM technical committees.2.2 Some definitions may differ within the committee because of limitations on items such as weights or dimensions. In such cases the terms will be more precisely defined in the Terminology section of the standards in which these terms are used.1.1 To promote precise understanding and interpretation of standards, reports, and other technical writings promulgated by Committee B02.1.2 To standardize the terminology used in these documents.1.3 To explain the meanings of technical terms used within these documents for those not conversant with them.1.4 Some definitions include a discussion section, which is a mandatory part of the definition and contains additional information that is relevant to the meaning of the defined term.1.5 Definitions of terms specific to a particular standard will appear in that standard and will supersede any definitions of identical terms in this standard.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers non-floating products made from plastics (including packaging and coatings) that are designed to be biodegradable under the marine environmental conditions of aerobic marine waters or anaerobic marine sediments, or both. (Possible environments are shallow and deep salt water and brackish water.) This specification is intended to establish the requirements for labeling materials and products, including packaging, as "biodegradable in marine waters and sediments." The products should exhibit satisfactory performances in terms of disintegration during marine degradation, inherent biodegradation, and environmental toxicity. However, this specification does not describe the contents or their performance with regard to biodegradability.1.1 This specification covers products made from plastics (including packaging and coatings) that are designed to be biodegradable under the marine environmental conditions of aerobic marine waters or anaerobic marine sediments, or both. (Possible environments are shallow and deep salt water and brackish water.)1.2 This specification is intended to establish the requirements for labeling materials and products, including packaging, as "biodegradable in marine waters and sediments."1.3 The properties in this specification are those required to determine if products (including packaging) will biodegrade satisfactorily, including biodegrading at a rate comparable to known compostable materials. Further, the properties in the specification are required to assure that the degradation of these materials will not diminish the value or utility of the marine resources and habitat.1.4 This specification does not describe contents or their performance with regard to biodegradability.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains to the test methods portion of this standard: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate health and safety practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

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定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This specification covers nonheat-treated axles up to and including those 6 1/2 in. (165.1 mm) nominal diameter at the center and heat-treated axles of all sizes for freight cars, passenger cars, and locomotives. 1.2 This specification is for axles with machined bodies. For axles with as-forged bodies, see Specification A383. 1.3 The grades of carbon steel axles are as follows: 1.3.1 Grade U -Nonheat-treated. 1.3.2 Grade F -Double normalized and tempered. (All freight axles over 6 1/2 in. (165.1 mm) nominal diameter at the center shall be Grade F.) 1.3.3 Grade G -Quenched and tempered. 1.3.4 Grade H -Normalized, quenched, and tempered. 1.3.5 Grades F, G, and H axles are used in heavy-duty service on locomotives, cars, and other equipment. 1.4 Typical designs for plain and roller bearing axles are shown in the Manual of Standards and Recommended Practice of the Association of American Railroads. 1.5 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order. 1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.

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