定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

1.1 This provisional standard is intended to provide performance requirements for pool alarms for residential swimming pools and spas.1.2 This provisional standard is intended to describe devices intended to improve personal safety and reduce injuries or deaths.1.3 This provisional standard covers devices that provide for rapid and automatic detection and alarm in cases of unintentional, unsupervised or accidental entry of a child one year of age or older into the water of swimming pools or spas.1.4 This provisional standard is not intended to replace other standard safety requirements that should be in place, that is, adult supervision, fences, gates, locks, etc.1.5 This standard covers four different types of alarms.1.6 The detection criteria for this standard is for a child one year of age and older.Note 1--Provisional standards require only subcommittee consensus and are published for a limited time of two years.

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4.1 The storage of nuclear fuel in high-density storage racks is dependent upon the functionality and integrity of an absorber between the stored fuel assemblies to ensure that the reactivity of the storage configuration does not exceed the K-effective allowed by applicable regulations. A confirmation test may be required to verify the functionality and integrity of the absorber within the racks. If establishing a surveillance program for newly installed or existing absorber material in fuel racks, the following methods are suggested: (a) coupon monitoring program (if coupons are available), (b) in-situ neutron attenuation test, and (c) other applicable in-situ tests such as visual inspection or drag test.4.2 This guide provides guidance for establishing and conducting a surveillance program for monitoring the ongoing functionality and integrity of the absorbers.1.1 This guide provides guidance for establishing a surveillance test program to monitor the performance of boron-based neutron absorbing material systems (absorbers) necessary to maintain sub-criticality in nuclear fuel storage racks in a pool environment. The practices presented in this guide, when implemented, will provide a comprehensive surveillance test program to verify the functionality and integrity of the neutron absorbing material within the storage racks. The performance of a surveillance test program provides added assurance of the safe and effective operation of a high-density storage facility for nuclear fuel. There are several different techniques for surveillance testing of boron-based neutron absorbing materials. This guide focuses on coupon monitoring and in-situ testing.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This guide provides a safety audit system for the evaluation of residential pools, spas, and hot tubs based on a layers-of-protection approach to reduce the incidence of drowning involving young children.1.2 This guide addresses the hazard of unintentional or unsupervised entry of young children into the water of pools, spas, and hot tubs.1.3 This guide does not address all of the hazards present when a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub is considered not operational, that is, no intent of being used for an extended period of time for reasons such as closed for the season.1.4 The values given in inch-pound units are to be considered the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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This specification deals with the performance requirements for pool alarms for residential swimming pools and spas. This specification covers devices that provide for rapid and automatic detection and alarm in cases of unintentional, unsupervised or accidental entry of a child one year of age or older into the water of swimming pools or spas. This specification is not intended to replace other standard safety requirements that should be in place, that is, adult supervision, fences, gates, locks, and so forth. This specification covers four different types of alarms: Type A, Surface—Pool alarm floating on water surface; Type B, Subsurface—Pool alarm located below the water surface; Type C, Pool Perimeter—Pool alarm located such as to detect movement at the perimeter of or above the water surface; and Type D, Personal Immersion Alarm—Pool alarm device located on the person(s).1.1 This safety specification covers safety and performance requirements for pool alarms for residential swimming pools and spas.1.2 This safety specification describes devices intended to improve personal safety and reduce injuries or deaths.1.3 This safety specification covers devices that provide for rapid and automatic detection and alarm in cases of unintentional, unsupervised or accidental entry of a child one year of age or older into the water of swimming pools or spas.1.4 This safety specification is not intended to replace other standard safety requirements that should be in place, that is, adult supervision, fences, gates, locks, and so forth.1.5 This safety specification covers four different types of alarms.1.6 The detection criteria for this safety specification is for a child one year of age and older.1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

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5.1 These test methods are intended to provide a basis for evaluating the time period during which a beam, girder, column, or similar structural assembly, or a nonbearing wall, will continue to perform its intended function when subjected to a controlled, standardized fire exposure.5.1.1 In particular, the selected standard exposure condition simulates the condition of total continuous engulfment of a member or assembly in the luminous flame (fire plume) area of a large free-burning-fluid-hydrocarbon pool fire. The standard fire exposure is basically defined in terms of the total flux incident on the test specimen together with appropriate temperature conditions. Quantitative measurements of the thermal exposure (total heat flux) are required during both furnace calibration and actual testing.5.1.2 It is recognized that the thermodynamic properties of free-burning, hydrocarbon fluid pool fires have not been completely characterized and are variable depending on the size of the fire, the fuel, environmental factors (such as wind conditions), the physical relationship of the structural member to the exposing fire, and other factors. As a result, the exposure specified in these test methods is not necessarily representative of all the conditions that exist in large hydrocarbon pool fires. The specified standard exposure is based upon the best available information and testing technology. It provides a basis for comparing the relative performance of different assemblies under controlled conditions.5.1.3 Any variation to construction or conditions (that is, size, method of assembly, and materials) from that of the tested assembly is capable of substantially changing the performance characteristics of the assembly.5.2 Separate procedures are specified for testing column specimens with and without an applied superimposed load.5.2.1 The procedures for testing loaded columns stipulate that the load shall be applied axially. The applied load is to be the maximum load condition allowed under nationally recognized structural design criteria unless limited design criteria are specified and a corresponding reduced load applied.5.2.2 The procedure for testing unloaded steel column specimens includes temperature limits. These limits are intended to define the temperature above which a steel column with an axially applied design allowable load would fail structurally.5.2.3 The procedure for unloaded specimens also provides for the testing of other than steel columns provided that appropriate acceptance criteria have been established.5.3 Separate procedures are also specified for testing beam assemblies with and without an applied superimposed load.5.3.1 The procedure for testing loaded specimens stipulates that the beam shall be simply supported. Application of restraint against longitudinal thermal expansion depends on the intended use, as specified by the customer. The applied load is intended to be the allowable design load permitted for the beam as determined in accordance with accepted engineering practice.5.3.2 The procedure for testing unloaded beams includes temperature limits for steel. These limits are to define the temperature above which a simply supported, unrestrained beam would fail structurally if subjected to the allowable design load. The procedure for unloaded specimens also provides for the testing of other than steel and reinforced concrete beams provided that appropriate acceptance criteria have been established.5.3.3 It is recognized that beam assemblies that are tested without load will not deflect to the same extent as an identical assembly tested with load. As a result, tests conducted in accordance with the unloaded beam procedure are not intended to reflect the effects of crack formation, dislodgement of applied fire protection materials, and other factors that are influenced by the deflection of the assembly.5.4 A separate procedure is specified for testing the fire-containment capability of a wall/bulkhead/partition, etc. Acceptance criteria include temperature rise of nonfire exposed surface, plus the ability of the wall to prohibit passage of flames or hot gases, or both.5.5 In most cases, the structural assemblies that will be evaluated in accordance with these test methods will be located outdoors and subjected to varying weather conditions that are capable of adversely affecting the fire endurance of the assembly. A program of accelerated weathering followed by fire exposure is described to simulate such exposure.5.6 These test methods provide for quantitative heat flux measurements to support the development of design fires and the use of fire safety engineering models to predict thermal exposure and material performance in a wide range of fire scenarios.1.1 The test methods described in this fire-test-response standard are used for determining the fire-test response of columns, girders, beams or similar structural members, and fire-containment walls, of either homogeneous or composite construction, that are employed in HPI or other facilities subject to large hydrocarbon pool fires.1.2 It is the intent that tests conducted in accordance with these test methods will indicate whether structural members of assemblies, or fire-containment wall assemblies, will continue to perform their intended function during the period of fire exposure. These tests shall not be construed as having determined suitability for use after fire exposure.1.3 These test methods prescribe a standard fire exposure for comparing the relative performance of different structural and fire-containment wall assemblies under controlled laboratory conditions. The application of these test results to predict the performance of actual assemblies when exposed to large pool fires requires a careful engineering evaluation.1.4 These test methods provide for quantitative heat flux measurements during both the control calibration and the actual test. These heat flux measurements are being made to support the development of design fires and the use of fire safety engineering models to predict thermal exposure and material performance in a wide range of fire scenarios.1.5 These test methods are useful for testing other items such as piping, electrical circuits in conduit, floors or decks, and cable trays. Testing of these types of items requires development of appropriate specimen details and end-point or failure criteria. Such failure criteria and test specimen descriptions are not provided in these test methods.1.6 Limitations—These test methods do not provide the following:1.6.1 Full information on the performance of assemblies constructed with components or of dimensions other than those tested.1.6.2 An evaluation of the degree to which the assembly contributes to the fire hazard through the generation of smoke, toxic gases, or other products of combustion.1.6.3 Simulation of fire behavior of joints or connections between structural elements such as beam-to-column connections.1.6.4 Measurement of flame spread over the surface of the test assembly.1.6.5 Procedures for measuring the test performance of other structural shapes (such as vessel skirts), equipment (such as electrical cables, motor-operated valves, etc.), or items subject to large hydrocarbon pool fires, other than those described in 1.1.1.6.6 The erosive effect that the velocities or turbulence, or both, generated in large pool fires has on some fire protection materials.1.6.7 Full information on the performance of assemblies at times less than 5 min because the rise time called out in Section 5 is longer than that of a real fire.1.7 These test methods do not preclude the use of a real fire or any other method of evaluating the performance of structural members and assemblies in simulated fire conditions. Any test method that is demonstrated to comply with Section 5 is acceptable.1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.9 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.11 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.12 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

This specification defines essential criteria for all material combinations in boron-based neutron-absorbing material systems used for nuclear spent fuel storage racks in nuclear light water reactors, spent-fuel assemblies, or disassembled components. The boron-based neutron absorbing materials normally consist of metallic boron or a boron-containing boron compound supported by a matrix of aluminum, steel, or other materials. Material systems covered in this specification should always be capable of maintaining a B10 areal density that can support the required subcriticality depending on the design specification for service life.1.1 This specification defines criteria for boron-based neutron absorbing material systems used in racks in a pool environment for storage of nuclear light water reactor (LWR) spent-fuel assemblies or disassembled components to maintain sub-criticality in the storage rack system.1.2 Boron-based neutron absorbing material systems normally consist of metallic boron or a chemical compound containing boron (for example, boron carbide, B4C) supported by a matrix of aluminum, steel, or other materials.1.3 In a boron-based absorber, neutron absorption occurs primarily by the boron-10 isotope that is present in natural boron to the extent of 18.3 ± 0.2 % by weight (depending upon the geological origin of the boron). Boron enriched in boron-10 could also be used.1.4 The materials systems described herein shall be functional (that is, always be capable to maintain a boron-10 areal density such that subcriticality is maintained depending on the design specification for the service life in the operating environment of a nuclear spent fuel pool).1.5 Observance of this specification does not relieve the user of the obligation to conform to all applicable international, national, and local regulations.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

These test methods are intended to provide a basis for evaluating the time period during which bulkheads and decks will continue to perform its intended function when subjected to a controlled, standardized fire exposure.5.1.1 In particular, the selected standard exposure condition simulates the condition of total continuous engulfment of a member or assembly in the luminous flame (fire plume) area of a large free-burning fluid hydrocarbon pool fire. The standard fire exposure is basically defined in terms of the total flux incident on the test specimen together with appropriate temperature conditions.5.1.2 It is recognized that the thermodynamic properties of free-burning, hydrocarbon fluid pool fires have not been completely characterized and are variable depending on the conditions, the physical relationship of the structural member to the exposing fire, and other factors. As a result, the exposure specified in these test methods is not necessarily representative of all the conditions that exist in large hydrocarbon pool fires. The specified standard exposure is based upon the best available information and testing technology. It provides a basis for comparing the relative performance of different assemblies under controlled conditions.5.1.3 It is feasible that substantial changes in the fire performance characteristics of the assembly will result from any variation from the construction or conditions (that is, size, method of assembly, and materials) that are tested.The structural assemblies that will be evaluated in accordance with these test methods will be located on a ship.1.1 These test methods described in this fire-test response standard are used for determining the fire-test response of insulated marine steel bulkheads and decks. The insulation is either homogeneous or composite construction.1.2 It is the intent that tests conducted in accordance with these test methods will indicate whether bulkheads and decks will continue to perform their intended function during the period of fire exposure. These test methods shall not be construed as implying suitability for use after fire exposure.1.3 These test methods prescribe a standard fire exposure for comparing the relative performance of different bulkhead and deck assemblies under controlled laboratory conditions. The application of these test results to predict the performance of actual assemblies when exposed to large pool fires requires a careful engineering evaluation.1.4 Limitations - These test methods do not provide the following:1.4.1 Full information on the performance of assemblies constructed with components or of dimensions other than those tested.1.4.2 An evaluation of the degree to which the assembly contributes to the fire hazard through the generation of smoke, toxic gases, or other products of combustion.1.4.3 Measurement of flame spread over the surface of the test assembly.1.4.4 The erosive effect that the velocities or turbulence, or both, generated in large pool fires has on some fire protection materials.1.4.5 Full information on the performance of assemblies at times less than 5 min because the rise time called out in Section is longer than that of a real fire.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for approximate information only.1.6 This standard measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.1.7 This test method is based on the fire exposure as defined in Test Methods E 1529 (issued by the Committee on Fire Standards, E05).This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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