3.1 The force and displacement values when converted to a slope are useful in quantifying the differences in tactile response among membrane switches.3.2 Specified resistance is useful to manufacturers and users when designing membrane switch interface circuitry.3.3 Actuation force and contact force are useful to manufacturers and users in determining the suitability, reference and aesthetics of a membrane switch in a given application.3.4 The tendency of a switch to make or break electrical contact at unexpected moments during closure or release can be a sign of a poor design. The degree of teasing can range from a simple annoyance to a failure of critical control process.3.5 The amount of switch sensitivity or teasing can also be a result of poor surface conductivity that will prevent an electrical event even when switch poles are in partial contact.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of force displacement characteristics of a membrane switch.1.1.1 This test method replaces Test Method F1570 (Tactile Ratio). Tactile Actuating Slope Angle and Tactile Recovery Slope Angle better represent the characterization of tactile sensation, previously called “Tactile Ratio” in Test Method F1570.1.1.2 This test method replaces Test Method F1682 (Travel).1.1.3 This test method replaces Test Method F1597 (Actuation and Contact Force).1.1.4 This test method replaces Test Method F1997 (Switch Sensitivity).1.2 Force displacement hysterisis loop curve can be used in the determination of Actuation Force, Displacement, Contact Force, Return Force, and Tactile Actuating Slope Angle and Tactile Recovery Slope Angle.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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3.1 The different combinations of SMD types, attachment medias, circuit substrates, plating options, and process variation can account for significant variation in test outcome.3.2 The SMD shear strength test is useful to manufacturers and users for determining the bond strength of the component to the membrane switch circuit.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the shear integrity of materials and procedures used to attach surface mount devices (SMD) to a membrane switch circuit.1.2 This test method is typically used to indicate the sufficient cure of conductive adhesive or underfill, or both. In general, this test method should be used prior to encapsulant. This test may also be used to demonstrate the Shear Force with encapsulation.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The effects of silver migration are short circuiting or reduction in insulation resistance. It is evidenced by staining or dicoloration between the cathode and anode conductive traces.4.2 Accelerated testing may be accomplished by increasing the voltage over the specified voltages. (A typical starting point would be 5Vdc 50mA).1.1 This test method is used to determine the susceptibility of a membrane switch to the migration of the silver between circuit traces under dc voltage potential.1.2 Silver migration will occur when special conditions of moisture and electrical energy are present.

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The tendency of a switch to make or break electrical contact at unexpected moments during closure or release can be a sign of a poor design. The degree of teasing can range from a simple annoyance to a failure of critical control process.The amount of switch sensitivity or teasing can also be a result of poor surface conductivity that will prevent an electrical event even when switch poles are in partial contact.1.1 This test method establishes procedures for depressing and releasing a tactile membrane switch to determine the amount of switch teasing, if any.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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4.1 The presence of water inside a membrane switch can affect its mechanical operation or electrical functionality, or both. Electrical failure can result as short circuits due to silver migration or exceeding the specified resistance due to oxidation.4.2 This test method establishes a procedure to verify the ability of a membrane switch to resist the entry of liquid in itself or a finished product, or both. It is useful in identifying design deficiencies.4.3 Submersion testing may be destructive, therefore any samples tested should be considered unfit for future use.1.1 This test method establishes procedures for the submerging of a membrane switch to verify resistance to ingress of a specified liquid.1.2 This test method can also be used to verify the ability of a membrane switch or graphics layer to act as a liquid seal for a finished product.1.3 Additional test methods or practices can be incorporated to investigate specific results or capabilities.1.4 This test method is a modification of National Electrical Manufacturers Assoc. (NEMA) Publication 250-1991 Section 6.10, which is a test for submersion of a finished product housing.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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4.1 Changes in temperature and humidity during shipping, storage or use can affect the visual appearance, mechanical integrity, or electrical functionality of switches. This practice simulates three different environments to which membrane switches may be exposed.4.2 The three industry-recognized switch categories based on performance levels are Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 (see section 9.1).4.3 Additionally, there may be custom requirements that vary by application, therefore, these requirements can be determined by customer and vendor agreement and be established as a Level 4.4.4 This practice defines the duration of a single cycle. Multiple cycles may be appropriate depending on the requirements of the application.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for temperature and humidity cycling of a membrane switch or printed electronic device.1.2 This test method is performed to evaluate the properties of materials used in the construction of membrane switch or printed electronic assemblies as they are influenced by the absorption and diffusion of moisture and moisture vapor. This is an accelerated environmental test, accomplished by the continuous exposure of the test specimen to high relative humidity at an elevated temperature. Absorption of moisture by many materials results in swelling, which destroys their functional utility, causes loss of physical strength, and changes in other mechanical properties. Insulating materials which absorb moisture may suffer degradation of their electrical properties.1.2.1 Physical changes:1.2.1.1 Differential contraction or expansion rates or induced strain of dissimilar materials.1.2.1.2 Cracking of surface coatings.1.2.1.3 Leaking of sealed compartments.1.2.1.4 Deformation or fracture of components.1.2.2 Chemical changes:1.2.2.1 Separation of constituents.1.2.2.2 Failure of chemical agent protection.1.2.3 Electrical changes:1.2.3.1 Changes in electronic and electrical components.1.2.3.2 Electronic or mechanical failures due to rapid water of condensate formation.1.2.3.3 Excessive static electricity.1.3 This test method is not intended to be a thermal shock procedure; a ramp rate between temperature extremes should not exceed 2°C/min.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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Specified resistance is useful to manufacturers and users when designing membrane switch interface circuitry.Actuation force and contact force are useful to manufacturers and users in determining the suitability, preference and aesthetics of a membrane switch in a given application.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of actuation force or contact force, or both, of a membrane switch utilizing a pre-determined resistance value.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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3.1 The specific chemical(s) selected is at the discretion of the customer and vendor.3.2 Variations in results may be expected due to different rates of chemical evaporation. The use of a watchglass with sealed edges is intended to curtail or eliminate evaporation of the chemical.1.1 This test method covers the testing of any surface that may be exposed to liquid chemical(s).1.2 This test method is not designed for immersion testing conditions or material edge attack.1.3 This test method is designed for evaluation of visual changes. In certain instances physical (non-visual) changes may occur and functional testing may be appropriate.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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