5.1 Framed floor and roof systems are tested by this test method for static shear capacity. This test method will help determine structural diaphragm properties needed for design purposes.1.1 This test method covers procedures designed (1) to evaluate the static shear capacity of a typical segment of a framed diaphragm under simulated loading conditions, and (2) to provide a determination of the stiffness of the construction and its connections. A diaphragm construction is an assembly of materials designed to transmit shear forces in the plane of the construction.1.2 No effort has been made to specify the test apparatus, as there are a number that can be used as long as the needs of the testing agency are met. If round-robin testing is to be conducted, test apparatus and testing procedures shall be mutually agreed upon in advance by the participants.1.3 The text of this standard contains notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information and are not requirements of the standard. Notes and footnotes in tables and figures are requirements of this standard.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

4.1 This test method will provide a relationship between time to failure, creep rate, and displacement to failure for specific failure loads at specific test temperatures as well as a relationship between creep rate and applied load at specific test temperatures for loads less than failure loads.4.2 Pile design for specific soil temperatures may be controlled by either limiting long-term stress to below long-term strength or by limiting allowable settlement over the design life of the structure. It is the purpose of this test method to provide the basic information from which the limiting strength or long-term settlement may be evaluated by geotechnical engineers.4.3 Data derived from pile tests at specific ground temperatures that differ from the design temperatures must be corrected to the design temperature by the use of data from additional pile tests, laboratory soil strength tests, or published correlations, if applicable, to provide a suitable means of correction.4.4 For driven piles or grouted piles, failure will occur at the pile/soil interface. For slurry piles, failure can occur at either the pile/slurry interface or the slurry/soil interface, depending on the strength and deformation properties of the slurry material and the adfreeze bond strength. Location of the failure surface must be taken into account in the design of the test program and in the interpretation of the test results. Dynamic loads must be evaluated separately.NOTE 1: The quality of the results produced by application of this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 The test methods described in this standard measure the axial deflection of a vertical or inclined deep foundation when loaded in static axial compression. These methods apply to all deep foundations, referred to herein as piles, that function in a manner similar to driven piles or cast-in-place piles, regardless of their method of installation, and may be used for testing single piles or pile groups. The test results may not represent the long-term performance of a deep foundation.1.2 This standard provides minimum requirements for testing deep foundations under static axial compressive load. Plans, specifications, and/or provisions prepared by a qualified engineer may provide additional requirements and procedures as needed to satisfy the objectives of a particular test program. The engineer in responsible charge of the foundation design, referred to herein as the Engineer, shall approve any deviations, deletions, or additions to the requirements of this standard.1.3 This standard allows the following test procedures:Procedure A Quick Test 8.1.2Procedure B Maintained Test (Optional) 8.1.3Procedure C Loading in Excess of Maintained Test (Optional) 8.1.4Procedure D Constant Time Interval Test (Optional) 8.1.5Procedure E Constant Rate of Penetration Test (Optional) 8.1.6Procedure F Constant Movement Increment Test (Optional) 8.1.7Procedure G Cyclic Loading Test (Optional) 8.1.81.4 Apparatus and procedures herein designated “optional” may produce different test results and may be used only when approved by the Engineer. The word “shall” indicates a mandatory provision, and the word “should” indicates a recommended or advisory provision. Imperative sentences indicate mandatory provisions.1.5 A qualified geotechnical engineer should interpret the test results obtained from the procedures of this standard so as to predict the actual performance and adequacy of piles used in the constructed foundation. See Appendix X1 for comments regarding some of the factors influencing the interpretation of test results.1.6 A qualified engineer shall design and approve all loading apparatus, loaded members, support frames, and test procedures. The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard. This standard also includes illustrations and appendixes intended only for explanatory or advisory use.1.7 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.8 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound [lbf] represents a unit of force [weight], while the unit for mass is slugs. The rationalized slug unit is not given, unless dynamic [F=ma] calculations are involved.1.9 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.1.10 The method used to specify how data are collected, calculated, or recorded in this standard is not directly related to the accuracy to which the data can be applied in design or other uses, or both. How one applies the results obtained using this standard is beyond its scope.1.11 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 9.1.12 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

4.1 Transverse Load—The procedures outlined will serve to evaluate the performance of floor and roof segments for deflection, permanent set and ultimate capacity. Performance criteria based on data from these procedures can ensure structural adequacy and effective service.4.2 Concentrated Load—This concentrated load test shall be used to evaluate surface indentation of structural framing members.4.3 These procedures will serve to evaluate performance of roof and floor segments under simulated service conditions. Diaphragm shear loading of roof and floor segments shall be evaluated under Test Method E455. Impact loading shall be evaluated under Test Methods E661 or E695.1.1 This test method covers the following procedures for determining the structural properties of segments of floor and roof constructions:    Section  Test Specimens 5  Loading 6  Deformation Measurements 7  Report 8  Precision and Bias 9   Testing Floors    Transverse Load 10  Concentrated Load 11   Testing Roofs    Transverse Load 12  Concentrated Load 131.2 This test method serves to evaluate the performance of floors and roofs panels subjected to (1) Uniform loading, and (2) Concentrated static loading, which represent conditions sustained in the actual performance of the element. The standard is not intended for the evaluation of individual structural framing or supporting members (floor joist, rafters, and trusses), or both.1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.4 This standard is not intended to cover concrete floor slabs.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers the procedure for testing and evaluating duration of load and creep effects of wood and wood-based materials relative to an accepted duration of load adjustment model. This specification is proposed for use for products that are covered by a consensus standard such as lumber, structural composite lumber and structural use panels. The procedure covered in this specification, however, is not intended to evaluate performance of products under impact loading.1.1 This specification provides a procedure for testing and evaluating duration of load and creep effects of wood and wood-based materials relative to an accepted duration of load adjustment model. This specification was created for products that are currently covered by a consensus standard (for example, lumber, structural composite lumber, and structural-use panels). This procedure is intended to demonstrate the engineering equivalence to the duration of load and creep effects of visually graded lumber as specified in Practice D245 for a product under evaluation used in dry service conditions. This procedure is not intended to evaluate the performance of products under impact loading. Quantification of specific duration of load or creep factors is beyond the scope of this specification. For further guidance regarding the applicability of this specification refer to X1.1 in the Commentary.1.2 Use of the procedure in this specification to determine equivalence to the Practice D245 duration of load relationship is limited to solid wood and wood-based products whose long term load behavior is similar to that of solid wood. Equivalence demonstrated in this specification is dependent upon evaluation of a product's 90-day (minimum) creep-rupture performance. In this evaluation, three criteria must be satisfied: (1) adequate strength over a 90-day period, (2) decreasing creep rate, and (3) limited fractional deflection. A summary of the development of these criteria and the underlying assumptions behind them is provided in the Commentary in Appendix X1 and Appendix X2.1.3 Long term degradation phenomena not described by a creep-rupture model are not addressed in this specification (see Commentary X1.2.4).1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

This specification covers reinforced concrete pipe, D-load culvert, storm drain, and sewer pipe for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, and storm water. The numerical values in this specification are not presented in inch-pound units, but rather, in metric or SI units only. The reinforced concrete shall consist of cementitious materials, mineral aggregates, and water, in which steel has been embedded in such a manner that the steel and concrete act together. The combination of cementitious materials used in the concrete shall be only one of the following: Portland cement, Portland blast furnace slag cement, slag modified Portland cement, Portland pozzolan cement, a combination of Portland cement and fly ash, a combination of Portland cement and ground granulated blast-furnace slag, or a combination of Portland cement, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and fly ash. Reinforcement shall conform to the standard specification. Physical requirements shall conform to the design strength designation of the pipe during load test. The aggregates shall be sized, graded, proportioned, and mixed with such proportions of cementitious materials and water as will produce a homogeneous concrete mixture of such quality that the pipe shall conform to the test and design requirements of this specification. The strength of the pipe shall not be adversely affected by the splice. Compression tests for determining concrete compressive strength shall be allowed to be made on either concrete cylinders or on cores drilled from the pipe. Pipe shall be repaired, if necessary, because of imperfections in manufacture, damage during handling, or pipe that have been cored for testing.1.1 This specification covers reinforced concrete pipe designed for specific D-loads and intended to be used for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, and storm water and for the construction of culverts.1.2 This specification is the inch-pound companion to Specification C655M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in this specification. Reinforced concrete pipe that conform to the requirements of C655M are acceptable under this Specification C655 unless prohibited by the Owner.NOTE 1: Experience has shown that the successful performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of the pipe strength, the type of bedding and backfill, the care that the installation conforms to the construction specifications, and provision for adequate inspection at the construction site. This specification does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, the relationship between field load conditions and the strength designation of pipe, or durability under unusual environmental conditions. These requirements should be included in the project specification.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers reinforced concrete pipe, D-load culvert, storm drain, and sewer pipe for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, and storm water. The numerical values in this specification are not presented in inch-pound units, but rather, in metric or SI units only. The reinforced concrete shall consist of cementitious materials, mineral aggregates, and water, in which steel has been embedded in such a manner that the steel and concrete act together. The combination of cementitious materials used in the concrete shall be only one of the following: Portland cement, Portland blast furnace slag cement, slag modified Portland cement, Portland pozzolan cement, a combination of Portland cement and fly ash, a combination of Portland cement and ground granulated blast-furnace slag, or a combination of Portland cement, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and fly ash. Reinforcement shall conform to the standard specification. Physical requirements shall conform to the design strength designation of the pipe during load test. The aggregates shall be sized, graded, proportioned, and mixed with such proportions of cementitious materials and water as will produce a homogeneous concrete mixture of such quality that the pipe shall conform to the test and design requirements of this specification. The strength of the pipe shall not be adversely affected by the splice. Compression tests for determining concrete compressive strength shall be allowed to be made on either concrete cylinders or on cores drilled from the pipe. Pipe shall be repaired, if necessary, because of imperfections in manufacture, damage during handling, or pipe that have been cored for testing.1.1 This specification covers reinforced concrete pipe designed for specific D-loads and intended to be used for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, and storm water and for the construction of culverts.1.2 This specification is the SI companion to Specification C655; therefore, no inch-pound equivalents are presented in this specification. Reinforced concrete pipe that conform to the requirements of C655 are acceptable under this Specification C655M unless prohibited by the Owner.NOTE 1: Experience has shown that the successful performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of the pipe strength, the type of bedding and backfill, the care that the installation conforms to the construction specifications, and provision for adequate inspection at the construction site. This specification does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, the relationship between field load conditions and the strength designation of pipe, or durability under unusual environmental conditions. These requirements should be included in the project specification.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method is intended for quality assurance and production control purposes.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the static load capacity of hunting saddles and bridge in terms of a factor of safety relative to the manufacturer’s rated capacity.1.2 The values shared are in inch-pound units and are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车