5.1 Contrast ratio at a specified film thickness is a useful hiding power parameter for production control and purchasing specifications.5.2 The greater the hiding power, the less coating is required per unit area to obtain adequate hiding. Knowledge of hiding power is therefore important in regard to coating costs and for comparing coating value.1.1 These test methods determine and report the hiding power of a powder coating with respect to two parameters:1.1.1 Test Method A—Contrast Ratio at a given film thickness1.1.2 Test Method B—Film thickness at 0.98 (98 %) contrast ratio.NOTE 1: The measured parameters follow powder coating industry practice by measuring hiding power in relation to film thickness, rather than the “Spreading Rate” function employed in Test Methods D344 and D2805 and other hiding power test methods.NOTE 2: Hiding power is photometrically defined as the spreading rate at 0.98 contrast ratio. See definitions of spreading rate and hiding power in Terminology D16, D2805, and the Paint and Coatings Testing Manual.NOTE 3: The contrast ratio 0.98 is conventionally accepted in the coatings industry as representing “complete” hiding for reflectometric hiding power measurements. But visually, as well as photometrically, it is slightly less than complete.1.2 These test methods cover the determination of the hiding power of powder coatings applied by electrostatic spraying.1.3 These test methods determine hiding power by means of reflectometric and thickness gage measurements. They are limited to coatings having a minimum CIE-Y reflectance of 15 %.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and to determine in advance the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 571元 加购物车

定价： 515元 加购物车

This specification covers seven tungsten-type (types T1, T2, T4, T5, T6, T8, and T15) and nineteen molybdenum-type high-speed steels (types M1, M2, M3, M4, M6, M7, M10, M30, M33, M34, M36, M41, M42, M43, M44, M46, M47, M48, and M62) in the form of annealed, hot-rolled bars, forgings, plate, sheet, or strip, and annealed, cold-finished bars or forgings used primarily in the fabrication of tools. Two intermediate high speed tool steels designated as M50 and M52 are also covered. Unless otherwise specified, material shall be made by an electric melting process. A chemical analysis of each heat of steel shall be made to determine the percentage of the elements specified (including carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, chromium, vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum, and cobalt) and these values shall conform to the requirements as to the prescribed chemical composition. Requirements for: (1) heat treatment such as austenitizing, quenching, and tempering, (2) hardness testing (3) macrostructure and macroetch standard for porosity and ingot pattern, and (4) decarburization determination are detailed. The maximum Brinell hardness and minimum Rockwell C hardness for the tool steels are given.1.1 This specification covers tungsten-type and molybdenum-type high-speed steels available as annealed, hot-rolled bars, forgings, plate, sheet, or strip, and annealed, cold-finished bars or forgings used primarily in the fabrication of tools.1.2 Seven types of tungsten high-speed tool steels designated T1, T2, etc., seventeen types of molybdenum high-speed tool steels designated M1, M2, etc., and two intermediate high speed steels designated as M50 and M52 are covered. Selection will depend upon design, service conditions, and mechanical properties.1.3 The term “high-speed steel” is described and its minimum requirements are covered in the Annex.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

定价： 777元 加购物车

This specification covers chemical, mechanical, and physical requirements for available wrought carbon tool steel products. These products, which include hot- or cold-finished bar, plate, sheet, rod, wire, or forgings, are normally fabricated into tools, dies, or fixtures. The selection of a material for a particular application will depend upon design, service conditions, and desired properties. An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the manufacturer to determine the percentage of the elements specified and these values shall conform to the chemical composition specified by the reference material. The hardness of the specimen after the specified heat treatment shall meet the minimum hardness value for the particular type of steel prescribed by the reference material. Rockwell C tests should be used where possible but light load tests may be necessary on thin specimens. The macrostructure of a specimen representing the entire cross-sectional area in the annealed condition shall be prepared in accordance with the reference material. It shall exhibit a structure free of excessive porosity, segregation, slag, dirt or other nonmetallic inclusions, pipes, checks, cracks, and other injurious defects.1.1 This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and physical requirements for available wrought carbon tool steel products.1.2 These products, which include hot- or cold-finished bar, plate, sheet, rod, wire, or forgings, are normally fabricated into tools, dies, or fixtures. The selection of a material for a particular application will depend upon design, service conditions, and desired properties.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

定价： 646元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

This specification covers rods of nickel-molybdenum-chromium-iron alloys with UNS Nos. N10003 and N10242 for use in general corrosive service. Specimens shall be sampled and prepared, then tested accordingly to examine their conformance to dimensional (diameter, length, out-of-roundness, weight, and straightness), mechanical (tensile and yield strengths, and elongation), and chemical composition requirements.1.1 This specification2 covers nickel-molybdenum-chromium-iron alloys (UNS N10003 and UNS N10242)3 rod for use in general corrosive service.1.2 The following products are covered under this specification:1.2.1 Rods 5/16 to 3/4 in. (7.94 to 19.05 mm) excl in diameter, hot or cold finished, annealed, and pickled or mechanically descaled.1.2.2 Rods 3/4 to 31/2 in. (19.05 to 88.9 mm) incl in diameter, hot or cold finished, annealed, ground, or turned.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 515元 加购物车