5.1 An accelerated test for determining the resistance of interior coated building products to mold growth is useful in estimating the relative performance for use in interior environments under conditions favorable to fungal growth.5.2 Static or environmental chambers provide controlled laboratory micro-environment conditions. These chambers are not intended to duplicate room conditions, and care must be taken when interpreting the results. Static chambers are not a substitute for dynamic chambers or field studies.1.1 This test method covers an environmental chamber and the conditions of operation to evaluate in a 4-week period the relative resistance to mold growth and microbial surface defacement on coated building products designed for interior application using an indirect inoculation method. The apparatus is designed so it can be easily built or obtained by any interested party.1.2 This test method can be used to evaluate the comparative resistance of coated building products to accelerated mold growth. Ratings do not imply a specific time period that the coated building product will be free of fungal growth during installation in an interior environment.1.3 This test method is not intended for use in the evaluation of public health claims.1.4 The test method is intended for the accelerated evaluation of mold growth on a coated building product designed for interior use. This method is not intended for evaluation of surfaces designed for exterior applications or uncoated surfaces. Use of this test method for evaluating exterior performance has not been validated, nor have the limitations for such use been determined.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This standard covers terminology relating to gypsum and related building materials and systems. The terms are generically defined. More specific and expanded definitions may appear in appropriate standards.1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method was designed to give the manufacturer of loose-fill insulation products a way of determining what the initial installed thickness should be in a horizontal open attic for pneumatic applications.5.2 The installed thickness value developed by this test method is intended to provide guidance to the installer in order to achieve a minimum mass/unit area for a given R-value.5.3 For the purpose of product design, testing should be done at a variety of R-values. At least three R-values should be used: the lowest R-value on the product label, the highest R-value on the product label, and an R-value near the midpoint of the R-value range.NOTE 1: For quality control purposes, testing may be done at one R-value of R-19 (h×ft 2×°F/Btu) or higher.5.4 Specimens are blown in a manner consistent with the intended installation procedure. Blowing machine settings should be representative of those typically used for field application with that machine.5.5 The material blown for a given R-value as part of the installed thickness test equals the installed mass/unit area times the test chamber area. This mass can be calculated from information provided on the package label at the R-value prescribed.1.1 This test method covers determination of the installed thickness of pneumatically applied loose-fill building insulations prior to settling by simulating an open attic with horizontal blown applications.1.2 This test method is a laboratory procedure for use by manufacturers of loose-fill insulation for product design, label development, and quality control testing. The apparatus used produces installed thickness results at a given mass/unit area.1.3 This test method is not the same as the design density procedures described in Test Methods C520 or Specifications C739 or C764.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The guide provides recommendations for substrates and methods of surface preparation to be used in comparative tests of building seals and sealants.1.1 This guide describes the recommended standard substrates and their recommended surface preparation for use in standard tests of building seals and sealants.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This guide may be used by public agencies to set standards affecting the weather resistance, durability, and performance of new building wall systems, exterior deck and stair components, doors, windows, penetrations and sealant joints beyond those specifically defined in the building codes.5.2 This guide may be used by building field inspectors as a resource for construction inspection during the construction phase of a project.5.3 This guide may be used by private organizations or individuals to set standards affecting the weather resistance, durability, and performance of building walls.5.4 This guide may be used by architects and engineers as a resource for making design decisions involving material selection, building wall detailing and specifications.5.5 This guide may be used by architects and engineers as a resource for conducting submittal review and construction observation during the construction administration phase of a project.5.6 This guide may be used by contractors as a resource and checklist for exercising field quality control.1.1 This guide describes design, specification, selection, installation, and inspection of new building wall systems, exterior deck and stair components, doors, windows, penetrations and sealant joints of wood and metal frame buildings, typically four stories or less, to minimize water intrusion.1.2 This guide does not address prevention of damage caused by water originating from the use of wet building materials or from indoor or outdoor humidity. Water from these sources can be important, and the potential for damage caused by water from these sources must not be overlooked in building design or construction.1.3 This guide does not address roofing systems, except when the surface of a deck also serves as a roof and at locations where roof systems interface with building walls.1.4 This guide does not address any type of barrier wall system.1.5 This guide does not address any exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS).1.6 This guide does not address foundation conditions where the bottom of a slab on grade or the grade of a crawl space is at or below the water table or subject to hydrostatic pressure.1.7 This guide is intended to supplement and not duplicate building code requirements.1.8 Maintenance, although important, is not covered in detail.1.9 Application of finishes, such as paint and sealers, may be important in the performance of some types of cladding; however, this is not covered in detail.1.10 This guide applies only to constructions with sheathing, which facilitates installation of the water-resistive barrier and associated flashings in a common plane.1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.12 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.1.13 Organization of Document:   Section 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Guide 4 5General Design Principles 6Design Practices 7General Guidelines 8Drainage Walls 9 Drainage Walls—General 9.1 Drainage Wall Cladding—Portland Cement Plaster (Stucco) 9.2 Drainage Wall Cladding—Wood and Wood-Derived Products 9.3 Drainage Wall Cladding—Vinyl Siding 9.4 Drainage Wall Cladding—Fiber-Cement Siding 9.5Cavity Drainage Walls 10 Cavity Drainage Walls—General 10.1 Cavity Drainage Wall Cladding—Masonry 10.2Wood Framed Decks and Stairs with Exposed Framingand Decking 11Plaza Decks or Stairs with Enclosed Framing and aWaterproofing Membrane with Separate Wearing Surfaces 12Plaza Decks or Stairs with Enclosed Framing and aWaterproofing Membrane with an Integral Wearing Surface 13Windows, Doors, and Similar Wall Penetrations 14Special Wall Configuration 15Exterior Sealant Joints 16Keywords 17Appendix—Introduction to Guide Details Appendix X1Appendix—General Notes for Cement Plaster (Stucco) Details Appendix X2Appendix—Additional Resources Appendix X31.14 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method provides for the following measurements and evaluations:5.1.1 Ability of the spandrel-panel assembly to resist the passage of flames or hot gases sufficient to ignite a cotton pad, or be visible to an observer.5.1.2 Transmission of heat through, and above, the spandrel-panel assembly using heat flux and unexposed surface temperature measurements.5.2 This test method does not provide the following:5.2.1 This test method does not evaluate the fire propagation characteristics of exterior nonload-bearing wall assemblies containing combustible components, or flame spread over the test assembly.5.2.2 This test method does not evaluate the fire-test-response characteristics of the perimeter joint protection between the floor assembly and the exterior wall assembly. This is covered in Test Method E2307.5.2.3 Evaluation of the degree to which the spandrel-panel assembly contributes to the fire hazard by generation of smoke, toxic gases, or other products of combustion,5.2.4 Measurement of the degree of control or limitation of the passage of smoke or products of combustion through the spandrel-panel assembly,5.2.5 Measurement of flame spread over the surface of the spandrel-panel assembly or exterior wall assembly,5.2.6 Durability of the test specimen under actual service conditions, including the effects of cycled temperature,5.2.7 Effects of loads (for example, wind, seismic, etc.) on the spandrel-panel assembly established by this test method,5.2.8 Movement capabilities of the test specimen,5.2.9 Other attributes of the test specimen, such as wear resistance, chemical resistance, air infiltration, water-tightness, and so forth, and5.2.10 Lateral spread of flame from the compartment of fire origin to adjacent spaces.5.3 In this test method, the test specimens are subjected to one or more specific test conditions. When different test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it is not always possible by, or from, this test method to predict changes to the characteristics measured.5.4 This test method is not intended to be used as the only test method in the selection of a spandrel-panel assembly. It is not intended as a specification for all attributes required by a spandrel-panel assembly, or any of its individual components, in order for a spandrel-panel assembly to be used in a particular application.1.1 This test method evaluates the fire-test response characteristics of a spandrel-panel assembly spanning the intersection of a floor assembly.1.2 This test method is used to assess the spandrel-panel assembly’s ability to impede spread of fire to the interior of the room or the story immediately above it via fire spread from the exterior of a building, and provide a quantitative measure of the fire hazard in terms of an I-Rating, T-Rating, and F-Rating from a specified set of fire conditions involving specific materials, products, or assemblies.1.3 This test evaluates the performance of the portions of the exterior wall installed between vertically adjacent window openings in multi-story buildings.1.4 This test method addresses the potential for fire spread to a single story immediately above the room of fire origin.1.5 The test method simulates a fire in a post-flashover condition in a compartment that is venting to the exterior through a window opening.1.6 The fire exposure conditions within the test room are those specified by this test method for the first 30 min of exposure and then conform to Test Methods E119 time-temperature curve for the remainder of the test. The fire exposure on the exterior surface of the test specimen comprises both the exposure from the fire plume exiting the window opening of the test room and the exterior burner, although the fire exposure on the exterior surface of the test assembly is not equivalent to that of Test Methods E119.1.7 This test method specifies the heating conditions, methods of test, and criteria for evaluation of a building’s spandrel-panel assembly. Specimens are not tested using any super-imposed axial load.1.8 Test results establish the performance of the spandrel-panel assembly during the fire-exposure period and shall not be construed as having determined the suitability of a spandrel-panel assembly for use after that exposure.1.9 This test method does not provide quantitative information about the spandrel-panel assembly relative to the rate of leakage of smoke or gases, or both.1.9.1 This test method does not evaluate the fire-test-response characteristics of perimeter joint protection between the floor assembly and the exterior wall assembly. This is covered in Test Method E2307.1.10 This test method does not evaluate the fire-test-response characteristics or fire propagation propensity of material installed on, or within, exterior non-load-bearing wall assemblies containing combustible components. This is covered in NFPA 285.1.11 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. Where provided, the SI values given in parentheses are for information only.1.12 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.13 This test method is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for the fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.1.14 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.15 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.1.16 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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A standard recognizes that effectiveness, safety, and durability of a RBS depends not only on the quality of the materials, but also on their proper installation.Improper installation of a RBS can reduce their thermal effectiveness, cause fire risks and other unsafe conditions, and promote deterioration of the structure in which they are installed. Specific hazards that can result from improper installation include fires caused by (1) heat buildup in recessed lighting fixtures, (2) deterioration or failure of electrical wiring components, and (3) deterioration in wood structures and paint failure due to moisture accumulation.This standard provides recommendations for the installation of radiant barrier materials in a safe and effective manner. Actual conditions in existing buildings may vary greatly and in some cases additional care should be taken to ensure safe and effective installation.This standard presents requirements that are general in nature and considered practical. They are not intended as specific recommendations. The user should consult the manufacturer for recommended application methods.1.1 This standard has been prepared for use by the designer, specifier, and installer of RBS (radiant barrier systems) for use in building construction. The scope is limited to recommendations relative to the use and installation of RBS including a surface(s) normally having a far-infrared emittance of 0.1 or less, such as metallic foil or metallic deposits unmounted or mounted on substrates. Some examples that this standard is intended to address include: (1) low emittance surfaces in vented or unvented building envelope cavities intended to retard radiant transfer across the airspace; (2) low emittance surfaces at interior building surfaces intended to retard radiant transfer to or from building inhabitants; and (3) low emittance surfaces at interior building surfaces intended to reduce radiant transfer to or from radiant heating or cooling systems. See for typical examples of use.1.2 This standard covers the installation process from pre-installation inspection through post-installation procedure. It does not cover the production of the radiant barrier materials. (See Specification C1313.)1.3 This standard is not intended to replace the manufacturer's installation instructions, but shall be used in conjunction with such instructions. This practice is not intended to supercede local, state, or federal codes.1.4 This standard assumes that the installer possesses a good working knowledge of the application codes and regulations, safety practices, tools, equipment, and methods necessary for the installation of radiant barrier materials. It also assumes that the installer understands the fundamentals of building construction that affect the installation of RBS.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Sections and .1.5 When the installation or use of radiant barrier materials, accessories and systems, may pose safety or health problems, the manufacturer shall provide the user appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the company's products and shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in their safe utilization. The user shall establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

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5.1 Coil-coated metals are subjected to a wide range of environmental stresses. Corrosion at cut edges, damage points, and fabricated areas can occur and lead to premature failure. Proper preparation and rating of test panels produces meaningful test results that allows comparisons between metal substrates and their pretreatments as well as between coating systems.5.2 Laboratory-prepared test panels give a relative comparison of the substrates and coating systems under test, but may not duplicate all of the stresses imposed on manufactured components. Validation of results on a manufactured product is recommended.5.3 Laboratory accelerated corrosion testing is useful in evaluating relative performance of new and existing metal coatings, pretreatments, and paints. It is up to the participating parties to agree on the significance of these tests to actual use.1.1 This guide has been written specifically for coil-coated metal building products.1.2 This guide applies to preparation, testing, and rating of line-coated and laboratory-coated test panels for the purpose of comparing and ranking the panels for corrosion resistance and other related properties.1.3 Testing may include accelerated laboratory corrosion tests and outdoor exposure tests.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This specification covers Grades 50 [345] and 65 [450] alloy steel "W" shapes (rolled wide flange shapes) intended for use in building framing. This steel is a low carbon, copper-containing, alloy steel with a bainitic microstructure that is developed through the control of chemical composition and the use of thermo-mechanical rolling followed by air cooling. The copper is present to enhance precipitation strengthening.1.2 When the steel is to be welded, a welding procedure suitable for the grade of steel and intended use or service is to be utilized. See Appendix X3 of Specification A 6/A 6M for information on weldability.1.3 The shapes are not intended to be galvanized or to be post-weld heat treated at temperatures exceeding 750 °F [400 °C].1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI values are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system is to be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.1.5 The text of this specification contains notes or footnotes, or both, that provide explanatory material; such notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, do not contain any mandatory requirements.

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3.1 Definitions—Terms and related definitions given in Section 4 are intended for use uniformly and consistently in all building and environmental acoustic test standards in which they appear.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to Each Standard: 3.2.1 As indicated in Section 4, terms and their definitions are intended to provide a precise understanding and interpretation of the building and environmental acoustic test standards in which they appear.3.2.2 A specific definition of a given term is applicable to the standard or standards in which the term is described and used.3.2.3 Different definitions of the same term are acceptable provided each one is consistent with and is not in conflict with the standard definition for the same term, that is, the general concept the term describes.3.2.4 If a standard under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 specially defines a term, i.e. provides a definition different in any way from what is given in Section 4 of Terminology C634, that standard shall list the term and its description under the subheading, Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard.3.2.4.1 Discussion—The mandatory language of section 3.2.4 is consistent with the mandatory language from §E2 of Form and Style for ASTM Standards (April 2020) and with the ASTM Committee E33 bylaws in place when this standard was published; it reflects a situation that exists, it does not prescribe anything.3.3 Definitions for some terms associated with building and environmental acoustic issues and not included in Terminology C634 are found in ISO/TR 25417 or IEEE P260.4. When discrepancies exist, the definition in Terminology C634 shall prevail.1.1 This terminology covers terms, related definitions, and descriptions of terms used or likely to be used in building and environmental acoustics standards. Definitions of terms are special-purpose definitions that are consistent with the standard definitions but are written to ensure that a specific building and environmental acoustics standard is properly understood and precisely interpreted. The primary focus of this document is upon terms, definitions and descriptions found within standards under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33; however, terms, definitions and descriptions that are of general interest to the field of acoustics are also included.1.2 This building and environmental acoustics standard cannot be used to provide quantitative measures.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This terminology consists of terms and definitions pertaining to the description, measurement, prediction, improvement, and management of buildings and building-related facilities, and, in particular, terms related to the standards generated by ASTM Committee E06 on Performance of Buildings.1.2 The purpose of this terminology is to provide meanings and explanations of technical terms, written for both the technical expert and the non-expert user.1.3 This terminology is one of a group of special terminologies, subsidiary to the comprehensive Terminology E631.1.4 Terms are listed in alphabetical sequence. Compound terms appear in the natural spoken order. Where definitions herein are adopted from other sources, they are copied exactly. The source is identified at the right margin following the definition and is listed in Section 2. The equivalent term in French is listed in parentheses after the English term.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This practice is applicable to all interior and exterior installed building products in the use phase of the product, specifically in the form present in the occupied building. This practice does not cover products during installation processes since those exposures are covered by occupational regulations.4.2 This practice specifies the required information to include in the OESR screening report for product decision makers to assess the potential for occupant health exposure from installed building products in an occupied building operated under normal and anticipated conditions of use.4.3 Fundamental to the selection and use of building products is the consideration of the likelihood of occupant exposure and possible risk to substances in those installed building products.4.4 This practice does not purport to offer full risk information, nor does it purport to be equivalent to an exposure or risk assessment. Rather, it provides screening to inform the product decision maker about conditions that could generate additional discussions with manufacturers or others.4.5 The informational requirements for an OESR are identified in Section 5.4.6 For substances with hazard classifications in 5.3, the OESR informs product decision makers about substances in an installed building product that might trigger a hazard warning to a user or building occupant. This information is designed to help the product decision maker determine whether added information is needed to evaluate exposure and risk more fully in the context of the installed building product’s specific use or application.4.7 The OESR screening report is required to be updated based on the requirements in 9.3.4.8 The OESR is completed by last manufacturer of the building product; this is the manufacturer offering the external or internal building product to the market. This manufacturer may need to obtain information from other manufacturers in its supply chain.NOTE 1: The manufacturer offering the building product to the market is aware of the form, function, and likely uses of the building product under normal conditions of use. If the product contains hazardous substance(s), it is likely that the manufacturer has information about the hazards from the product under foreseeable emergencies in compliance with OSHA requirements.1.1 This practice provides the information required for publishing a screening report for occupant exposure from substances in installed building products (OESR) to communicate possible human health impacts in an occupied building to product specifiers, building owners, and others.1.2 This practice is applicable to all interior and exterior building products in the form used and incorporated into an occupied building.1.3 An article going into the construction market that has potential hazards based upon an evaluation of the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) (1)2 mixtures guidance is included in the scope of this practice.1.4 This practice does not cover product fabrication or installation processes because these are subject to worker safety and health regulations and law.1.5 The final building product manufacturer offering the building product to the market or agent is responsible for providing this information and completing this report.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The purpose of this test is to obtain, by means of a specified laboratory procedure, the values of the equilibrium moisture content at higher RH levels ((≈ 95 to 100%). These values are used either as means to characterize the material or as material characteristics needed as input to appropriate computer models that can simulate wetting or drying potential of individual building materials or material assemblies under specified environmental conditions.1.1 This test method specifies a laboratory procedure for the determination of the water retention curve (or moisture storage capacity) of porous building materials at very high relative humidity (RH) levels (≈ 95 to 100% RH) corresponding to the capillary moisture region of the sorption isotherm. This is achieved by using the pressure plate test apparatus. This technique was originally developed to study soil moisture content and eventually had been adapted to building construction materials.1.2 At higher RH levels (≈ 95 to 100% RH) of the sorption isotherm (see Test Method C1498), use of climatic chamber is not an option. This technique uses overpressure to extract water out of the pore structure of porous materials until equilibrium between the moisture content in the specimens and the corresponding overpressure is achieved. Using the pressure plate extractors, equilibrium can only be reached by desorption.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Standard practices for measuring the economic performance of investments in buildings and building systems have been published by ASTM. A computer program that produces economic measures consistent with these practices is available.4 Discount Factor Tables has been published by ASTM to facilitate computing measures of performance for most of the practices.4.2 This guide can be used to: (1) identify types of building design and system decisions that require economic analysis; (2) match the technically appropriate economic methods with the decisions; and (3) locate the methods in the ASTM practices and adjuncts listed in Section 2.4.3 More than one method can be technically appropriate for many building decisions. Therefore the choice in practice of which technically appropriate economic method to use for evaluating a particular building decision will often depend on the perspective of the user. Some examples of factors that influence the user are: (1) ease of applying the methods, (2) level of familiarity of the user with the methods, (3) preference of the user for different methods, and (4) presence of budget limitations for the projects.4.4 This guide identifies some features and limitations of the methods that might influence users' choices under varying conditions.1.1 This guide identifies types of building design and building system decisions that require economic analysis and recommends ASTM practices, adjuncts, and computer programs that may be used to implement the appropriate economic methods for each decision type.1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Air infiltration into the conditioned space of a building accounts for a significant portion of the thermal space condition load. Air infiltration can affect occupant comfort by producing drafts, cause indoor air quality problems by carrying outdoor pollutants into occupied building space and, in hot humid climates, can deposit moisture in the building envelope resulting in deterioration of building envelope components. In cold climates, exfiltration of conditioned air out of a building can deposit moisture in the building envelope causing deterioration of building envelope components. Differential pressure across the building envelope and the presence of air leakage sites cause air infiltration and exfiltration (1).45.2 Where restricting air movement between interior zones of a building is desired to separate dissimilar interior environments or prevent the movement of pollutants, the detection practices presented are useful in detecting air leaks between interior zones of the building.5.3 Where practices require controlled flow direction, forced pressurization or depressurization shall be used.NOTE 2: Forced air leakage is required because air leakage sites are often difficult to locate because air flows may be small under the prevailing weather conditions. Wind conditions can aid in air leakage detection by forcing air to enter a building; however, where air is exiting, the building envelope construction may make observations difficult.5.4 The techniques for air leakage site detection covered in these practices allow for a wide range of flexibility in the choice of techniques that are best suited for detecting various types of air leakage sites in specific situations.5.5 The infrared scanning technique for air leakage site detection has the advantage of rapid surveying capability. Entire building exterior surfaces or inside wall surfaces are covered with a single scan or a simple scanning action, provided there are no obscuring thermal effects from construction features or incident solar radiation. The details of a specific air leakage site are then probed more closely by focusing on the local area. Local leak detection is well addressed with the smoke tracer, theatrical fog, anemometer, sound detection, the bubble detection, and the tracer gas techniques, however these techniques are time consuming for large surfaces. The pressurized or depressurized test chamber and smoke tracer or a depressurized test chamber and leak detection liquid practices are used in situations where depressurizing or pressurizing the entire envelope is impractical, such as is the case during construction. Both of the practices enable the detection of very small leaks. To perform these practices requires that the air barrier system is accessible.5.6 Complexity of building air leakage sites diminishes the ability for detection. For example, using the sound detection approach, sound is absorbed in the tortuous path through the insulation. Air moving through such building leakage paths loses some of its temperature differential and thus make thermographic detection difficult. The absence of jet-like air flow at an air leakage site makes detection using the anemometer practice difficult.5.7 Stack effect in multistory commercial buildings can cause gravity dampers to stand open. Computer-controlled dampers shall be placed in normal and night modes to aid in determining the conditions existing in the building. Sensitive pressure measurement equipment is used for evaluating pressure levels between floors and the exterior.1.1 These practices cover standardized techniques for locating air leakage sites in building envelopes and air barrier systems.1.2 Individual practices provide advantages for specific applications.1.3 Some of the practices require a knowledge of infrared scanning, building and test chamber pressurization and depressurization, smoke and fog generation techniques, sound generation and detection, and tracer gas concentration measurement techniques.1.4 The practices described are of a qualitative nature in determining the air leakage sites rather than determining quantitative leakage rates.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 6.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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