5.1 This test method can be used for research or for quality control to characterize toluene diisocyanates. Hydrolyzable chlorine correlates with performance in some polyurethane systems.1.1 This test method determines the hydrolyzable chlorine content of toluene-2,4-diisocyanate, toluene-2,6-diisocyanate, or mixtures of the two. It is acceptable to apply this test method to other isocyanates of suitable solubility. (See Note 1.) The main sources of hydrolyzable chlorine in the isocyanates are carbamoyl chloride and dissolved phosgene. Both of these compounds react with alcohols and water, forming ureas, carbamates, carbon dioxide, and hydrochloric acid. (See Note 2.)1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: It is possible that this test method is applicable to crude polymeric isocyanates. However, the precision with crude polymeric isocyanates has not been established.NOTE 2: This standard is identical to ISO 15028.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This test method provides for the determination of moisture and residue in liquid chlorine. The concentration levels of these impurities are important factors in many commercial uses of liquid chlorine.1.1 This test method covers the determination of moisture and residue in liquid chlorine. Lower limits of detection of 10 μg/g based on a 150-mL sample are achievable.1.2 This test method describes operations and special apparatus for sampling liquid chlorine from cylinders. Sampling other commercial facilities such as tank cars, barges, and storage tanks require special techniques of manipulation in filling sample cylinders for testing. If conditions and facilities are favorable, the analysis apparatus may be connected directly to these larger storage and transportation units and on-the-spot tests may be completed.1.3 The analytical methods are empirical and are gravimetric. They are applicable to the determination of the residue and moisture content of commercial grades of liquid chlorine (condensed gaseous product).1.4 Residue is defined as being those substances which remain in the sample flask after sample volatilization under the conditions of the test. Moisture is defined as the volatile substances evolved during volatilization and purging of the sample-residue flask and absorbed on the desiccant contained in the absorption tubes under the conditions of the test. Some of the volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons may also be evolved from the sample residue flask during purge and absorbed, thus contributing to the apparent moisture analysis value.1.5 This test method may be used for determining the moisture content only of gaseous chlorine if suitable and appropriate modifications are made for sample measurement and calculation.1.6 Review the current Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first aid procedures, and safety precautions.1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Section 7.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This practice outlines a method for the determination of bromine and chlorine, alone or together.4.2 CIIR and BIIR rubbers contain small amounts of chlorine and bromine and CR rubbers contain large amounts of chlorine. For quality control and research and development, it is sometimes necessary to determine the amount of these halogens in rubber. This practice can be used for these purposes.1.1 This practice covers the determination of bromine and chlorine in rubber.1.2 This procedure is applicable to raw or cured NR, SBR, BR, IR, IIR, CIIR, BIIR, and EPDM rubbers and blends of these.1.3 Iodine interferes, but substances such as Zn2+, S, CN−, and (CO3)2 − do not.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific safety precautions are given in Section 7.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Trace amounts of water may be detrimental to the use of chlorine in some applications. The amount of water in the chlorine must be known to prevent problems during its use.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the content of water in liquid chlorine in the concentration range of 0.5 to 15 mg/kg (ppm).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 Review the current Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first aid procedures, and safety precautions.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 7 for specific hazards statements.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Chlorine is added to potable water, waste water, and industrial water for a variety of purposes. Some of these purposes are:5.1.1 To eliminate or reduce the growth of microorganisms in water,5.1.2 To destroy or modify decomposable organic substances so as to reduce the biochemical oxygen demand of the water,5.1.3 To eliminate or reduce taste, odors, and color in the water,5.1.4 To separate grease in waste water by eliminating the protective colloidal effect of proteins present, and5.1.5 To destroy or modify substances in the waste water that react directly by oxidation, such as ammonia, cyanates, cyanides, ferrous iron, nitrites, phenol, phosphorus, sulfides, sulfites, thiocyanates, and other oxidizable constituents.5.2 It is important to avoid over-chlorination in order to minimize chemical consumption, meet restrictions specified by regulatory agencies, and minimize equipment degradation.1.1 This practice provides a means of estimating the quantity of chlorine required to be added to a unit volume of water to accomplish a predetermined treatment objective or to completely react with all chlorine reactable substances in the water, or both.1.2 Temperature, pH, and initial chlorine dosage are all variables in estimating the optimum chlorination practice. The effects of these variables can be evaluated using this practice.1.3 Chlorine residual is determined using Test Method D1253.1.4 This practice is applicable to all types of water in which the stated treatment objective can be evaluated or residual chlorine can be measured, or both.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see 7.5.1.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The purpose of this test method is to measure the total chlorine content of coal. The chlorine content of coals may be useful in the evaluation of slagging problems, corrosion in engineering processes, and in the total analysis of coal and coke. When coal samples are combusted in accordance with this method, the chlorine is quantitatively retained and is representative of the total chlorine content of the whole coal.1.1 This test method covers the analysis of total chlorine in coal.1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This test method covers the determination of hydrolyzable chlorine compounds in chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons (askarels). 1.2 The values stated in metric units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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5.1 This test method covers the measurement of the chlorine and fluorine contents in coal. These halides can contribute to emissions with some undesirable environmental consequences.1.1 This test method covers the determination of total fluorine and total chlorine in coal. Samples containing 200 mg/kg to 4000 mg/kg of chlorine and 20 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg of fluorine can be analyzed directly.1.1.1 It is possible for this method to be used for the determination of total bromine in coal. No precision and bias statement will be given for the determination of total bromine.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 In determining the conformation of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method from Practice E29.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the total chlorine content, in concentrations below 1 weight percent, of epoxy resins. Both organic and inorganic chlorine compounds contained in the resin are determined. Epoxy resin is defined as the reaction product of a chlorohydrin and a di- or polyfunctional phenolic compound. 1.2 Two alternative test methods for determining chloride ion concentration resulting from combustion of the sample are included as follows: Sections Test Method A-Potentiometric Titration 6 to 10 Test Method B-Gravimetric Determination 11 to 15 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.>

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5.1 The total fluorine, chlorine, and sulfur contained in LPG, similar low molecular weight hydrocarbons, and DME can be harmful to many catalytic chemical processes, lead to corrosion, and contribute to pollutant emissions. While LPG specifications limit sulfur, some specifications also contain precautionary statements about fluorine. Chlorine has been known to contaminate LPG with detrimental consequences. This test method can be used to determine total fluorine (as fluoride), chlorine (as chloride), and sulfur (as sulfate ion) in process streams, intermediate and finished LPG products, similar low molecular weight hydrocarbons, and DME (1.1).1.1 This test method covers the individual determination of total fluorine, chlorine, and sulfur in liquid petroleum gas (LPG), low molecular weight hydrocarbons, their mixtures, and dimethyl ether (DME) in the range of 1 mg/kg to 300 mg/kg fluorine and sulfur and 5 mg/kg to 300 mg/kg for chlorine. This test method is applicable to products described in Specifications D1835 and D7901 and it can be applicable to process streams with similar properties to LPG and other materials such as butylene, propylene, and olefins.1.2 This test method can also be applied to the measurement of the bromine and iodine in samples covered by the scope of this test method, but the precision and bias statement of this test method is not applicable to these halides.1.3 This test method can be applied to sample concentrations outside the scope of this test method through adjustments of sample injection volume or number of injections combusted (or both), adjustment of injection volume to the ion chromatograph, and adjustment of the final dilution volume of the absorbing solution prior to injection to the ion chromatograph. The precision and scope of this test method is not applicable to samples that are outside the scope of the method.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.4.1 Exception—Values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 9.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The method is designed to show whether or not the tested materials meet the specifications as given in either Specification C753, C776, C888 or C922.1.1 This test method covers the determination of chlorine and fluorine in nuclear-grade uranium dioxide (UO2) powder and pellets, nuclear grade gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3 ) powder and gadolinium oxide-uranium oxide (Gd2O3-UO2) powder and pellets.1.2 With a 2 gram UO2 sample size the detection limit of the method is 4 µg/g for chlorine and 2 µg/g for fluorine. The maximum concentration determined with a 2 gram sample is 500 µg/g for both chlorine and fluorine. The sample size used in this test method can vary from 1 to 10 grams resulting in a corresponding change in the detection limits and range.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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5.1 The method is designed to show whether or not the tested materials meet the specifications as given in Specifications C787 and C788.1.1 This method covers the determination of bromine (Br) and chlorine (Cl) in uranium hexafluoride (UF6) and uranyl nitrate solution. The method as written covers the determination of bromine in UF6 over the concentration range of 0.2 to 8 µg/g, uranium basis. The chlorine in UF6 can be determined over the range of 4 to 160 µg/g, uranium basis. Higher concentrations may be covered by appropriate dilutions. The detection limit for Br is 0.2 µg/g uranium basis and for Cl is 4 µg/g uranium basis.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The presence of residual chlorine in epoxy resins is deleterious to final product properties. This test method has been found to be applicable to resins or ethers with chlorine contents ranging from 50 ppm to 35 % by weight. Other halogen compounds react with the reagent but are distinguished from chlorine by the final potentiometric titration. Epoxy and other functional groups will consume reagent but do not affect the results.1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the determination of total chlorine in epoxy resins and glycidyl ethers.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Chlorinated compounds can lead to corrosion of equipment and poisoning of the catalyst. Chlorinated compounds also present a health hazard when incompletely combusted. Chlorine content of petroleum products is determined prior to their being recycled.NOTE 1: Federal Regulations mandate that often the chlorine content of used oil must be determined before recycling. EPA regulation 40 CFR 261 bars the sale of used oil for fuel if it is contaminated with halogens measured as chlorine at levels exceeding 1000 mg/kg. Such oil is considered to be a hazardous waste unless it can be proven that the chlorine content is inorganic or that the halogenated organics are not hazardous constituents. The cost of disposing of a hazardous waste is many times higher than the cost of used oil disposal. Therefore it is critical for users, generators, haulers, reprocessors, and collectors to test the material they handle in order to comply with regulations, maintain safe operations, and avoid high disposal costs.4.2 These test methods can be used to determine when a used petroleum product meets or exceeds requirements for total halogens measured as chloride. It is specifically designed for used oils, permitting on-site testing at remote locations by nontechnical personnel to avoid the delays of laboratory testing.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of chlorine in used oils, fuels, and related materials, including: crankcase, hydraulic, diesel, lubricating and fuel oils, and kerosene, all containing <25 % (mass/mass) water.1.1.1 If the sample contains greater than 25 % water, the sodium metal reacts preferentially with the water rather than with the halogenated organics in the oil.1.1.2 Bromide and iodide are also titrated and reported on a molar basis as chlorine. The method does not detect fluorine because AgF remains in the solution during the titration, while AgI, AgBr, and AgCl precipitate out and can therefore be detected.1.1.3 Some of the chlorinated organic compounds that have been shown to be detectable by this method include trichloroethane, dichloroethane, trichlorobenzene, monochlorobenzene, chlorooctadecane, methylene chloride, perchloroethylene, Freon, and polychlorinated biphenyls. These nine compounds represent the major classes of chlorinated compounds that are found in used oils.1.2 The entire analytical sequence, including sampling, sample pretreatment, chemical reactions, extraction, and quantification, is available in kit form using predispensed and encapsulated reagents. The overall objective is to provide a simple, easy to use procedure, permitting nontechnical personnel to perform a test in or outside of the laboratory environment in under 10 min. The test method also gives information to run the test without a kit.1.2.1 Test Method A is preset to provide a greater than or less than result at 1000 mg/kg (ppm) total chlorine to meet regulatory requirements for used oils.1.2.2 Test Method B provides results over a range from 200 mg/kg to 4000 mg/kg total chlorine.1.3 For both test methods, positive bias will result from samples that contain greater than 3 % (mass/mass) total sulfur. While a false negative result will not occur, other analytical methods should be used on high sulfur oils.1.4 Test Method B, Lower Limit of Quantitation—In the round-robin study to develop statistics for this test method, participants were asked to report results to the nearest 100 mg/kg. The lower limit of quantification could therefore only be determined to be in the range from 870 mg/kg5 to 1180 mg/kg5.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific safety statements are given in Sections 3, 6, and 7.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Low levels of bromine contaminant in chlorine cause problems in some industrial uses. This test method may be used to determine bromine in liquid or gaseous chlorine at levels as low as 4 ug/kg.1.1 This test method covers the determination of bromine in liquid chlorine and in gaseous chlorine with a lower limit of detection of 4 ug/kg by weight.1.2 Review the current Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first-aid procedures, handling, and safety precautions.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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