5.1 Test methods to determine benzene and the aromatic content of gasoline are necessary to assess product quality and to meet fuel regulations.5.2 This test method can be used for gasolines that contain oxygenates (alcohols and ethers) as additives. It has been determined that the common oxygenates found in finished gasoline do not interfere with the analysis of benzene and other aromatics by this test method.1.1 This test method covers the determination in volume percent of benzene, toluene, other specified individual aromatic compounds, and total aromatics in finished motor gasoline, including gasolines containing oxygenated blending components, by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Precision is calculated for benzene, toluene and total aromatics.1.2 This test method has been evaluated using a D6300-compliant Interlaboratory Study (ILS), with the lowest and highest ILS sample averages listed as follows: benzene, 0.09 % to 4.00 %; toluene, 1.0 % to 13.0 %; and total (C6 to C12) aromatics, 10.0 % to 42.0 %. The ILS study did not test the method for individual hydrocarbon process streams produced in a refinery, such as reformates, fluid catalytic cracked naphthas, and so forth, used in the blending of gasolines.1.3 Results are reported to the nearest 0.01 % for benzene and 0.1 % for the other aromatics by liquid volume. The Report Section (14) describes the applicable reporting ranges of this test method.1.4 This test method includes a between test method bias section for spark-ignition engine fuel benzene reporting based on Practice D6708 assessment between Test Method D5769 and Test Method D3606 as a possible Test Method D5769 alternative to Test Method D3606. The Practice D6708 derived correlation equation is only applicable for blended fuels with benzene results concentration range from 0.05 % to 2.50 % by volume as measured and reported by Test Method D5769.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to its use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This practice describes a procedure for packed-column gas chromatography. It provides general comments, recommended techniques, and precautions. A recommended form for reporting GC methods is given in Section 14.1.1 This practice is intended to serve as a general guide to the application of gas chromatography (GC) with packed columns for the separation and analysis of vaporizable or gaseous organic and inorganic mixtures and as a reference for the writing and reporting of GC methods.NOTE 1: This practice excludes any form of gas chromatography associated with open tubular (capillary) columns.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 8 and 9.1.3.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Knowledge of the boiling point distribution of stabilized crude oils is important for the marketing, scheduling, and processing of crude oil in the petroleum industry. Test Method D7169 and IP 545 purport to give such a distribution in crude oils, but are susceptible to significant errors in the light ends portion of the distribution as well as in the mass recovery of the whole crude oil due to the interference imposed by the diluent solvent. This test method allows for more accurate determination of the front end of the boiling point distribution curve, in addition to providing important C1 to C9 (nonane) component level information, and more accurate mass recovery at C9 (nonane).1.1 This test method specifies a method to determine the boiling range distribution of hydrocarbons in stabilized crude oil up to and including n-nonane. A stabilized crude oil is defined as having a Reid Vapor Pressure equivalent to or less than 82.7 kPa. The results of this test method can be combined with those from Test Method D7169 and IP 545 to give a full boiling point distribution of a crude oil (see Appendix X3).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This test method covers the general considerations for the qualitative and quantitative determination of volatile amines such as cyclohexylamine, morpholine, and diethylaminoethanol in steam condensates and surface water by gas-liquid chromatography. 1.2 This test method may be applied to water samples containing the amines in concentrations from 2 to 15 mg/L by direct injection of alkaline aqueous samples. Higher concentrations may be determined by appropriate dilution. 1.3 Although this test method is written for flame ionization detector, the basic technology is applicable to any highly sensitive nitrogen-specific detector provided water does not interfere with the measurement. 1.4 The test method may be extended to steam condensates containing low levels of these amines by adopting suitable concentration techniques such as steam distillation to bring the analyte concentration to an accurately quantifiable range. 1.5 The test method is applicable to other chromatographable amines by appropriately varying the chromatographic parameters. This must be validated by the individual analysts. 1.6 This test method has been used successfully with reagent-grade and boiler steam condensate waters. It is the user's responsibility to assure the validity of this test method for any untested matrices. 1.7 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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3.1 The results obtained by these test methods can be used in combination with other test methods for the selection of a lining in flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems.3.2 These methods are intended to evaluate effects of heat alone upon a lining system as applied to a carbon steel substrate. These methods do not produce the thermal gradient that may exist in actual applications. Actual lining performance may also be effected by concurrent physical mechanical or chemical effects.3.3 These methods evaluate major failure modes of linings applied to square test panels.3.4 The recommended test temperatures of 200°F (93°C) and 350°F (177°C) are based on typical maximum operating zone temperatures in flue gas desulfurizations systems. Other temperatures may be evaluated as desired.1.1 These test methods are intended to evaluate the resistance of polymer linings applied to carbon steel substrates to elevated temperatures. Two separate methods are included as follows:1.1.1 Test Method A Continuous elevated temperature exposure, and1.1.2 Test Method B Cycling elevated temperature exposure.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The hydrocarbon component distribution of liquefied petroleum gases and propene mixtures is often required for end-use sale of this material. Applications such as chemical feed stocks or fuel require precise compositional data to ensure uniform quality. Trace amounts of some hydrocarbon impurities in these materials can have adverse effects on their use and processing.5.2 The component distribution data of liquefied petroleum gases and propene mixtures can be used to calculate physical properties such as relative density, vapor pressure, and motor octane (see Practice D2598). Precision and accuracy of compositional data are extremely important when these data are used to calculate various properties of these petroleum products.1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of individual hydrocarbons in liquefied petroleum (LP) gases and mixtures of propane and propene, excluding high-purity propene in the range of C1 to C5. Component concentrations are determined in the range of 0.01 % to 100 % by volume.1.2 This test method does not fully determine hydrocarbons heavier than C5 and non-hydrocarbon materials, and additional tests may be necessary to fully characterize an LPG sample.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4.1 The user is advised to obtain LPG safety training for the safe operation of this test method procedure and related activities.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Separation and identification of plasticizer components in PVC is necessary to correlate performance properties with polymer composition. This test method provides a means of determining monomeric plasticizers including adipates, azelates, benzoates, citrates, phthalates, sebacates, and trimellitates.5.2 Other methods successfully used to analyze plasticizers are column chromatography, HPLC, GPC, FTIR, and GC/MS.5.3 This method is not applicable to plasticizers with molecular weights over 700 g/mol including epoxidized soybean oil and polymeric plasticizers.1.1 This practice provides for the separation and identification of monomeric plasticizers in poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) compounds by gas chromatography (GC).1.2 The text of this practice references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in Tables and Figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.1.3 Test Method D2124 is an alternative infrared procedure.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method provides a method of determining the percentage of ethanol in an ethanol-gasoline fuel blend over the range of 20 % by  mass to 100 % by mass for compliance with fuel specifications and federal or local fuel regulations.5.2 Ethanol content of denatured fuel ethanol for gasoline blending is required in accordance with Specification D4806.5.3 Ethanol content of ethanol fuel blends for flexible-fuel automotive spark-ignition engines is required in accordance with Specification D5798.5.4 This test method is acceptable for determining the percentage of ethanol for either denatured fuel ethanol or undenatured ethanol for use in industrial applications using Table 3(a) or Table 3(b).5.4.1 Refer to local, federal, or other authorities having jurisdiction for information regarding the correct implementation of either Table 3(a) or Table 3(b).5.4.2 Specific regulatory requirements for U.S. domestic fuel applications are given in Appendix X5 for information.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the ethanol content of hydrocarbon blends containing greater than 20 % ethanol. This method is applicable to denatured fuel ethanol, ethanol fuel blends, and mid-level ethanol blends.1.1.1 Ethanol is determined from 20 % by mass to 100 % by mass and methanol is determined from 0.01 % by mass to 0.6 % by mass. Equations used to convert these individual alcohols from percent by mass to percent by volume are provided.NOTE 1: Fuels containing less than 20 % ethanol may be quantified using Test Method D5599, and less than 12 % ethanol may be quantified using Test Method D4815.1.2 This test method does not purport to identify all individual components common to ethanol production or those components that make up the denaturant or hydrocarbon constituent of the fuel.1.3 Water cannot be determined by this test method and shall be measured by a procedure such as Test Method D7923, E203, or E1064 and the result used to correct the concentrations determined by this method.1.4 This test method is inappropriate for impurities that boil at temperatures higher than 225 °C or for impurities that cause poor or no response in a flame ionization detector, such as water.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This practice covers the standard procedure for determining impurities, stabilizers, and assays of halogenated organic solvents and their admixtures by gas chromatography. It is not the intent of this practice to provide a specific method of gas chromatography, but rather it defines what is required for a user to demonstrate that a method to be used is valid. The use of this practice allows the user to use the most effective technology and demonstrate that the method in use complies with a standard practice and is valid for the analytes involved.1.1 This practice covers the determination of impurities, stabilizers and assay of halogenated organic solvents and their admixtures by gas chromatography.1.2 It is not the intent of this practice to provide a specific method of gas chromatography. The intent of this practice is to define what is required for a user to demonstrate that a method to be used is valid. The reason for this approach, as opposed to stating a method, is that gas chromatography is such a dynamic field that methods are often obsolete by the time they are validated. The use of this practice allows the user to use most effective technology and demonstrate that the method in use complies with a standard practice and is valid for the analysis of halogenated organic solvents and their admixtures.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Gas chromatographic separation of solvents present in whole paints is the preferred first step for identifying and quantitating solvent compositions, using auxiliary procedures and techniques.1.1 This practice describes the techniques used to inject whole paint samples directly into a gas chromatograph to obtain a chromatogram from which the solvent composition may be established.2,31.2 This practice is not designed to be quantitative.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific hazard statement is given in 6.1.

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5.1 Knowledge of the presence of trace metals in gas turbine fuels enables the user to predict performance and, when necessary, to take appropriate action to prevent corrosion.1.1 This test method covers the determination of sodium, lead, calcium, and vanadium in Specification D2880 Grade Nos. 0-GT through 4-GT fuels at 0.5 mg/kg level for each of the elements. This test method is intended for the determination of oil-soluble metals and not waterborne contaminants in oil-water mixtures.1.1.1 Test Method D6728 is suggested as an alternative test method for the determination of these elements in Specification D2880.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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A knowledge of spark-ignition engine fuel composition is useful for regulatory compliance, process control, and quality assurance.The quantitative determination of olefins and other hydrocarbon types in spark-ignition engine fuels is required to comply with government regulations.This test method is not applicable to M85 and E85 fuels, which contain 85 % methanol and ethanol, respectively.1.1 This test method provides for the quantitative determination of oxygenates, paraffins, olefins, naphthenes, and aromatics in low-olefin spark-ignition engine fuels by multidimensional gas chromatography. Each hydrocarbon type can be reported either by carbon number (see ) or as a total through C10, except for olefins, which can only be reported through C9. Higher boiling hydrocarbons cannot be reported by type and are reported as a composite group. The lower limit of detection for a single hydrocarbon component or carbon number type is 0.05 mass %.Note 1—There can be an overlap between the C9 and C10 aromatics; however, the total is accurate. Isopropyl benzene is resolved from the C8 aromatics and is included with the other C9 aromatics. Naphthalene is determined with the C11+ components.1.2 This test method is applicable for total olefins in the range from 0.05 to 13 mass %. The test method can quantitatively determine olefins in samples where the olefin concentration does not exceed 0.6 % C4 or 4.0 % C5 or 4.5 % of the combined C4 and C5. Although the precision for benzene was determined in the range from 0.3 to 1.0 mass %, this test method can be used to determine benzene concentrations up to 5.0 mass %.1.3 This test method is not intended to determine individual hydrocarbon components except for those hydrocarbon types for which there is only one component within a carbon number. Individually determined hydrocarbons are benzene, toluene, cyclopentane, propane, propylene, and cyclopentene.1.4 Precision data has only been obtained on samples containing MTBE. Application of this test method to determine other oxygenates shall be verified in the user's laboratory. Methanol cannot be determined and shall be quantitated by an appropriate oxygenate method such as Test Method D 4815 or D 5599. Methanol is fully resolved and does not interfere with the determination of other components or groups.1.5 Although specifically written for spark-ignition engine fuels containing oxygenates, this test method can also be applied to other hydrocarbon streams having similar boiling ranges, such as naphthas and reformates.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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5.1 Moisture measurement in natural gas is performed to ensure sufficiently low levels for gas purchase contracts and to prevent corrosion. Moisture may also contribute to the formation of hydrates.5.2 The significance of applying TDLAS for the measurement of moisture in natural gas is TDLAS analyzers may have a very high degree of selectivity and minimal interference in many natural gas streams. Additionally, the sensing components of the analyzer are not wetted by the natural gas, limiting the potential damage from corrosives such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and liquid contaminants such as ethylene glycol or compressor oils. As a result, the TDLAS analyzer is able to detect changes in concentration with relatively rapid response. It should be noted that the mirrors of a TDLAS analyzer may be fouled if large quantities of condensed liquids enter the sample cell. In most cases the mirror can be cleaned without the need for recalibration or realignment.5.3 Primary applications covered in this method are listed in 5.3.1 – 5.3.3. Each application may have differing requirements and methods for gas sampling. Additionally, different natural gas applications may have unique spectroscopic considerations.5.3.1 Raw natural gas is found in production, gathering sites, and inlets to gas-processing plants characterized by potentially high levels of water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and heavy hydrocarbons. Gas-conditioning plants and skids are normally used to remove H2O, CO2, H2S, and other contaminants. Typical moisture concentration after dehydration is roughly 20 to 200 ppmv. Protection from liquid carryover such as heavy hydrocarbons and glycols in the sample lines is necessary to prevent liquid pooling in the cell or the sample components.5.3.2 Underground gas storage facilities are high-pressure caverns used to store large volumes of gas for use during peak demand. Underground storage caverns can reach pressures as high as 275 bar. Multistage and heated regulator systems are usually required to overcome significant temperature drops resulting from gas expansion in the sample.5.3.3 High-quality “sales gas” is found in transportation pipelines, natural gas distribution (utilities), and natural gas power plant inlets. The gas is characterized by a very high percentage of methane (90 to 100 %) with small quantities of other hydrocarbons and trace levels of contaminates.1.1 This test method covers online determination of vapor phase moisture concentration in natural gas using a tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) analyzer also known as a “TDL analyzer.” The particular wavelength for moisture measurement varies by manufacturer; typically between 1000 and 10 000 nm with an individual laser having a tunable range of less than 10 nm.1.2 Process stream pressures can range from 700-mbar to 700-bar gage. TDLAS is performed at pressures near atmospheric (700- to 2000-mbar gage); therefore, pressure reduction is typically required. TDLAS can be performed in vacuum conditions with good results; however, the sample conditioning requirements are different because of higher complexity and a tendency for moisture ingress and are not covered by this test method. Generally speaking, the vent line of a TDL analyzer is tolerant to small pressure changes on the order of 50 to 200 mbar, but it is important to observe the manufacturer’s published inlet pressure and vent pressure constraints. Large spikes or steps in backpressure may affect the analyzer readings.1.3 The typical sample temperature range is -20 to 65 °C in the analyzer cell. While sample system design is not covered by this standard, it is common practice to heat the sample transport line to around 50 °C to avoid concentration changes associated with adsorption and desorption of moisture along the walls of the sample transport line.1.4 The moisture concentration range is 1 to 10 000 parts per million by volume (ppmv). It is unlikely that one spectrometer cell will be used to measure this entire range. For example, a TDL spectrometer may have a maximum measurement of 1 ppmv, 100 ppmv, 1000 ppmv, or 10 000 ppmv with varying degrees of accuracy and different lower detection limits.1.5 TDL absorption spectroscopy measures molar ratios such as ppmv or mole percentage. Volumetric ratios (ppmv and %) are not pressure dependent. Weight-per-volume units such as milligrams of water per standard cubic metre or pounds of water per standard cubic foot can be derived from ppmv at a specific condition such as standard temperature and pressure (STP). Standard conditions may be defined differently for different regions and entities. The dew point can be estimated from ppmv and pressure. Refer to Test Method D1142 and ISO 18453.1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specific hazards statements are given in Section 8 on Hazards.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Knowledge of the concentration of benzene may be required for regulatory use, control of gasoline blending, and/or process optimizations.1.1 This test method covers the quantitation in liquid volume percent of benzene and toluene in finished motor and aviation spark ignition fuels by gas chromatography. This test method has two procedures: Procedure A uses capillary column gas chromatography and Procedure B uses packed column gas chromatography. Procedures A and B have separate precisions.1.2 The method has been evaluated for benzene using a D6300-compliant Interlaboratory Study (ILS), with the lowest and highest ILS sample concentration means as follows: (1) Procedure A between 0.12 % and 5.2 % by volume and (2) Procedure B between 0.10 % and 5.0 % by volume.1.3 The method has been evaluated for toluene using a D6300-compliant Interlaboratory Study (ILS), with the lowest and highest ILS sample concentration means as follows: (1) Procedure A between 0.4 % and 19.7 % by volume, and (2) Procedure B between 2.0 % and 20.0 % by volume.1.4 For reporting, the lowest and highest concentration ranges for benzene and toluene for Procedure A of this test method per Practice D6300 see 13.2.1.5 For reporting, the lowest and highest concentration ranges for benzene and toluene for Procedure B of this test method per Practice D6300 see 25.2.1.6 For benzene by Procedure A, the following oxygenated fuels are included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by volume (E20); (2) methanol up to 10 % by volume (M10). Fuels M85 and E85 were excluded.1.7 For benzene by Procedure B the following oxygenated fuels are included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by volume (E20); (2) methanol up to 10 % by volume (M10). Fuels M85 and E85 were excluded.1.8 For toluene by Procedure A the following oxygenated fuels were included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by volume (E20); (2) M85 and E85.1.9 For toluene by Procedure B the following oxygenated fuels are included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by volume (E20); (2) M85 and E85.1.10 Procedure A uses MIBK as the internal standard. Procedure B uses sec-butanol as the internal standard. The use of Procedure B for fuels containing blended butanols requires that sec-butanol be below the detection limit in the fuels as sec-butanol is an internal standard. For Procedure B, an alternative separation column set described in the annex (A2.3, Annex Approach B) uses MEK as the internal standard when butanols may be blended into gasolines.1.11 This test method includes a between method bias section for benzene based on Practice D6708 bias assessment between Test Method D3606 Procedure B and Test Method D5769. It is intended to allow Test Method D3606 Procedure B to be used as a possible alternative to Test Method D5769. The Practice D6708 derived benzene correlation equation is applicable for benzene measurements in the reportable range from 0.06 % to 2.88 % by volume as reported by Test Method D3606 Procedure B (see 27.2.1). The correlation complies with EPA’s Performance Based Measurement System (PBMS).1.12 Correlation equations are included in the between test methods bias section 14.2.1 of Procedure A to convert Procedure A to the Procedure B volume percent values for benzene and toluene. The correlations are applicable in the concentration ranges of 0.07 % to 5.96 % by volume for benzene and 0.36 % to 20.64 % by volume for toluene as reported by Procedure A.1.13 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.14 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.15 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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A well-designed sample-handling and conditioning system is essential to the accuracy and reliability of pipeline instruments. Approximately 70 % of the problems encountered are associated with the sampling system.1.1 This practice covers sample-handling and conditioning systems for typical pipeline monitoring instrumentation (gas chromatographs, moisture analyzers, and so forth). The selection of the sample-handling and conditioning system depends upon the operating conditions and stream composition.1.2 This practice is intended for single-phase mixtures that vary in composition. A representative sample cannot be obtained from a two-phase stream.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to regarded as standard. The values stated in English units are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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