AbstractThese test methods establishes the standard procedures for conducting tests to determine the mechanical properties of externally and internally threaded fasteners, washers and direct tension indicators, and rivets. For externally threaded fasteners, the mechanical tests describe the procedures for determining the following properties: product hardness; proof load by length measurement (Method 1), yield strength (Method 2), yield strength of austenitic stainless steel and nonferrous materials (Method 2A), and uniform hardness (Method 3); axial tension of full size products such as fasteners and studs; wedge tension of full size products such as fasteners and studs; tension of machined test specimens including yield point (by drop of the beam or halt of the pointer, autographic diagram, and total extension under load methods), yield strength (by offset, and extension under load methods), tensile strength, elongation, and reduction of area; and total extension at fracture. As for internally threaded fasteners including nonheat- and heat-treated nuts, tests are provided for the determination of product hardness, proof load, and cone proof load. Test for determining the surface and core hardnesses are, conversely, described for direct tension indicators, and through-hardened, carburized, stainless steel, and nonferrous washers. And finally, product hardness testing is described for rivets. The test method for determining embrittlement of metallic coated externally threaded fasteners is detailed as well.1.1 These test methods cover establishment of procedures for conducting tests to determine the mechanical properties of metric externally and internally threaded fasteners, washers, and rivets.1.2 Property requirements and the applicable tests for their determination are specified in individual product standards. In those instances where the testing requirements are unique or at variance with these standard procedures, the product shall specify the controlling testing requirements. In the absence of any specified test requirement(s), these test methods shall apply.1.3 These test methods describe mechanical tests for determining the following properties:Tests SectionFor Externally Threaded Fasteners: 3 Product Hardness 3.1 Proof Load 3.2.1  Method 1, Length Measurement 3.2.3  Method 2, Yield Strength 3.2.4  Method 3, Uniform Hardness 3.2.5 Axial Tension Testing of Full Size Products 3.4 Wedge Tension Testing of Full Size Products 3.5 Tension Testing of Machined Test Specimens 3.6 Total Extension at Fracture Test 3.7For Internally Threaded Fasteners: 4 Product Hardness 4.1 Proof Load 4.2 Cone Proof Load Test 4.3For Washers and Direct Tension Indicators: 5 General Requirements 5.1 Through Hardened Washers 5.2 Carburized Washers 5.3For Rivets: 6 Product Hardness 6.1Test for Embrittlement of Metallic Coated Externally Threaded   Fasteners 7Test Method for Determining Decarburization and Carburization 8Test Method for Measuring Compression Loads (All Finishes) on Direct Tension Indicators Covered by Test Method F959M Annex A11.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.NOTE 1: These test methods are the metric companion of Test Methods F606.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of all of the users of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

5.1 This test is intended to assess the mechanical integrity, failure modes, and practical adhesion strength of a specific hard ceramic coating on a given metal or ceramic substrate. The test method does not measure the fundamental “adhesion strength” of the bond between the coating and the substrate. Rather, the test method gives a quantitative engineering measurement of the practical (extrinsic) adhesion strength and damage resistance of the coating-substrate system as a function of applied normal force. The adhesion strength and damage modes depend on the complex interaction of the coating-substrate properties (hardness, fracture strength, modulus of elasticity, damage mechanisms, microstructure, flaw population, surface roughness, and so forth) and the test parameters (stylus properties and geometry, loading rate, displacement rate, and so forth).5.2 The test method as described herein is not appropriate for polymer coatings, ductile metal coatings, very thin (<0.1 μm) ceramic coatings, or very thick (>30 μm) ceramic coatings.NOTE 2: Under narrow circumstances, the test may be used for ceramic coatings on polymer substrates with due consideration of the differences in elastic modulus, ductility, and strength between the two types of materials. Commonly, the low comparative modulus of the polymer substrate means that the ceramic coating will generally tend to fail in bending (through-thickness adhesive failure) before cohesive failure in the coating itself.5.3 The quantitative coating adhesion scratch test is a simple, practical, and rapid test. However, reliable and reproducible test results require careful control of the test system configuration and testing parameters, detailed analysis of the coating damage features, and appropriate characterization of the properties and morphology of the coating and the substrate of the test specimens.5.4 The coating adhesion test has direct application across the full range of coating development, engineering, and production efforts. Measurements of the damage mechanisms in a coating as a function of applied normal forces are useful to understand material-process-property relations; quantify and qualify the mechanical response of coating-substrate systems; assess coating durability; measure production quality; and support failure analysis.5.5 This test method is applicable to a wide range of hard ceramic coating compositions (carbides, nitrides, oxides, diamond, and diamond-like carbon) applied by physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, and direct oxidation methods to metal and ceramic substrates.5.6 Ceramic coatings can be crystalline or amorphous, but commonly have high relative density with limited porosity (<5 %). Porous coatings can be tested, but the effects of porosity on the damage mechanisms in the coating must be carefully considered.5.7 The test method, as defined with the 200 μm radius Rockwell diamond stylus, is commonly used for ceramic coating thicknesses in the range of 0.10 to 30 μm. Thinner coatings may require a smaller diameter stylus and lower normal forces for reliable results. Thicker coatings may require larger diameter stylus and higher normal forces. Any variations in stylus size and geometry and designated normal force ranges shall be reported.5.8 Specimens commonly have a flat planar surface for testing, but cylinder geometries can also be tested if they are properly fixtured and aligned and the scratch direction is along the long axis of the specimen. The physical size of the test specimen is determined primarily by the capabilities and limits of the test equipment stage and fixturing.5.9 The test is commonly conducted under unlubricated conditions and at room temperature. However, it is feasible and possible to modify the test equipment and test conditions to conduct the test with lubrication or at elevated temperatures.5.10 Coated specimens can be tested after high temperature, oxidative, or corrosive exposure to assess the retained properties and durability (short-term and long-term) of the coating. Any specimen conditioning or environmental exposure shall be fully documented in the test report, describing in detail the exposure conditions (temperature, atmosphere, pressures, chemistry, humidity, and so forth), the length of time, and resulting changes in coating morphology, composition, and microstructure.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the practical adhesion strength and mechanical failure modes of hard (Vickers Hardness HV = 5 GPa or higher), thin (≤30 μm) ceramic coatings on metal and ceramic substrates at ambient temperatures. These ceramic coatings are commonly used for wear/abrasion resistance, oxidation protection, and functional (optical, magnetic, electronic, biological) performance improvement.1.2 In the test method, a diamond stylus of defined geometry (Rockwell C, a conical diamond indenter with an included angle of 120° and a spherical tip radius of 200 μm) is drawn across the flat surface of a coated test specimen at a constant speed and a defined normal force (constant or progressively increasing) for a defined distance. The damage along the scratch track is microscopically assessed as a function of the applied force. Specific levels of progressive damage are associated with increasing normal stylus forces. The force level(s) which produce a specific type/level of damage in the coating are defined as a critical scratch load(s). The test method also describes the use of tangential force and acoustic emission signals as secondary test data to identify different coating damage levels.1.3 Applicability to Coatings—This test method is applicable to a wide range of hard ceramic coating compositions: carbides, nitrides, oxides, diamond, and diamond-like carbon on ceramic and metal substrates. The test method, as defined with the 200 μm radius diamond stylus, is commonly used for coating thicknesses in the range of 0.1 to 30 μm. Test specimens generally have a planar surface for testing, but cylinder geometries can also be tested with an appropriate fixture.1.4 Principal Limitations: 1.4.1 The test method does not measure the fundamental adhesion strength of the bond between the coating and the substrate. Rather, the test method gives an engineering measurement of the practical (extrinsic) adhesion strength of a coating-substrate system, which depends on the complex interaction of the test parameters (stylus properties and geometry, loading rate, displacement rate, and so forth) and the coating-substrate properties (hardness, fracture strength, modulus of elasticity, damage mechanisms, microstructure, flaw population, surface roughness, and so forth).1.4.2 The defined test method is not directly applicable to metal or polymeric coatings which fail in a ductile, plastic manner, because plastic deformation mechanisms are very different than the brittle damage modes and features observed in hard ceramic coatings. The test method may be applicable to hard metal coatings which fail in a brittle mode with appropriate changes in test parameters and damage analysis procedures and criteria.1.4.3 The test method, as defined with the Rockwell C diamond stylus and specific normal force and rate parameters, is not recommended for very thin (<0.1 μm) or thicker coatings (>30 μm). Such coatings may require different stylus geometries, loading rates, and ranges of applied normal force for usable, accurate, repeatable results.1.4.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. Test data values in SI units (newtons (N) for force and millimetres (mm) for displacement) are to be considered as standard and are in accordance with IEEE/ASTM SI 10.1.5 Organization—The test method is organized into the following sections:  Section 1 Purpose and Description 1.1 Applicability 1.3 Principal Limitations 1.4 Organization 1.5Referenced Documents 2 ASTM Standards 2.1 Other Standards and References 2.2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4 5Test Methodology and Experimental Control 6 Test Overview 6.1 Test Modes 6.2 Primary and Supplementary Measurements 6.3 Critical Scratch Load Damage Criteria and Scratch Atlas 6.4 Experimental Factors and Variables 6.5Interferences 7 Material and Specimen Related 7.2 Test Method Related 7.3Apparatus 8 General Description 8.1 Stylus and Stylus Mounting 8.2 Mechanical Stage and Displacement Control 8.3 Test Frame and Force Application System 8.4 Force and Displacement Sensors 8.5 Optical Analysis and Measurement 8.6 Data Acquisition and Recording 8.7 Acoustic Emission (Optional) 8.8 Coating Adhesion Reference Specimens (Optional) 8.9 Coating Surface Profilometry (Optional) 8.10 Data Analysis and Output Software (Optional) 8.11Test Specimens 9 Specimen Requirements 9.1 Specimen Characterization 9.2 Specimen Size 9.3 Specimen Flatness and Level 9.4 Polishing (Optional) 9.5 Specimen Exposure Conditioning (Optional) 9.6 Specimen Cleaning 9.7 Specimen Handling and Storage 9.8Calibration 10 System Calibration 10.1 Reference Specimens 10.2Test Procedure 11 Calibration 11.1 Test Mode Selection 11.2 Test Planning 11.3 Stylus Inspection and Cleaning 11.4 Environmental Conditions 11.5 System Setup and Check 11.6 Test Specimen Mounting 11.7 Conducting the Test 11.8 Specimen Count 11.9 Invalid and Censored Data 11.10 Scratch Damage Assessment 11.11Calculations 12Report 13 Test Identification 13.2 Specimen Information 13.3 Test Equipment and Procedure Information 13.4 Test Data and Statistics 13.5Precision and Bias 14Keywords 15Rockwell Diamond Indenter Specifications Annex A1Alignment and Calibration Annex A2Repeatability and Reproducibility Studies Annex A3Coating Damage Criteria and Scratch Atlas Appendix X1Experimental Variables in Scratch Adhesion Testing Appendix X2Bibliography  1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

This specification describes requirements and test methods for the qualification of plastic bodied mechanical fittings for use with outside diameter controlled polyethylene (PE) gas distribution pipe, nominal 2 pipe size (IPS) and smaller. In addition, it specifies general requirements of the material from which these fittings are made. Unless otherwise specified, each nominal size of fitting shall be tested. Testing of the thickest wall pipe that the fitting is designed to be used with qualifies the use of that fitting with pipe of lesser wall thickness. In order to determine the overall performance of the mechanical fittings, the following tests shall be performed: elevated temperature sustained pressure test, tensile strength test, temperature cycling test, constant tensile load joint test (in-line joints only), and rotation test (mechanical saddle fittings only).1.1 This specification describes requirements and test methods for the qualification of plastic bodied mechanical fittings for use with outside diameter controlled polyethylene (PE) gas distribution pipe, nominal 2 pipe size (IPS) and smaller complying with Specification D2513. In addition, it specifies general requirements of the material from which these fittings are made.1.2 The test methods described in this specification are not intended to be used as routine quality control tests.1.3 This specification covers the types of mechanical fittings described in 3.2.1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this specification.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method evaluates the relative sensitivity of materials to mechanical impact in ambient pressure liquid oxygen, pressurized liquid oxygen, and pressurized gaseous oxygen.5.2 Any change or variation in test sample configuration, thickness, preparation, or cleanliness may cause a significant change in impact sensitivity/reaction threshold.5.3 Suggested criteria for discontinuing the tests are: (1) occurrence of two reactions in a maximum of 60 samples or less tested at the maximum energy level of 98 J (72 ft•lbf) or one reaction in a maximum of 20 samples tested at any other energy level for a material that fails; (2) no reactions for 20 samples tested at the 98-J (72-ft•lbf) energy level; or (3) a maximum of one reaction in 60 samples tested at the maximum energy level.1.1 This test method2 describes test equipment and techniques to determine the impact sensitivity of materials in oxygen under two different conditions: (1) in ambient pressure liquid oxygen (LOX) or (2) under pressure-controlled conditions in LOX or gaseous oxygen (GOX). It is applicable to materials for use in LOX or GOX systems at pressures from ambient to 68.9 MPa (0 to 10 000 psig). The test method described herein addresses testing with pure oxygen environments; however, other oxygen-enriched fluids may be substituted throughout this document.1.2 This test method provides a means for ranking nonmetallic materials as defined in Guide G63 for use in liquid and gaseous oxygen systems and may not be directly applicable to the determination of the sensitivity of the materials in an end-use configuration. This test method may be used to provide batch-to batch acceptance data. This test method may provide a means for evaluating metallic materials in oxygen-enriched atmospheres also; however, Guide G94 should be consulted for preferred testing methods.1.3 Values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See also Section 9.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 1011元 / 折扣价： 860 元 加购物车

This specification covers standards for hot-wrought, special quality microalloyed carbon steel bars intended for use in applications where as-rolled mechanical properties are desired. A typical end use includes hydraulic cylinder shafts. The typical chemical composition of microalloyed carbon steel shall contain carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, and vanadium. Heat and product analyses shall be conducted wherein the material shall conform to the required chemical composition for vanadium, columbium (niobium), and molybdenum. The elements and specified chemical ranges shall not exceed the required limits. The steel bars shall undergo tension test and conform to the mechanical property requirements such as yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation.1.1 This specification covers hot-wrought, special quality microalloyed carbon steel bars intended for use in applications where as-rolled mechanical properties are desired. A typical end use is hydraulic cylinder shafts.1.2 The bars shall be furnished to chemical composition and mechanical properties as provided herein. Chemical composition is based on standard carbon steel grades modified to include microalloying elements such as columbium (niobium), vanadium, or molybdenum. Three strength classes are available, designated 75 [520], 80 [550], and 100 [690], corresponding to the minimum yield strength in ksi.1.3 Sections and sizes of bar steels available are covered in Specification A29/A29M.1.4 Supplementary Requirements S1 to S5 are provided for use when additional controls or requirements are desired. These shall apply only when specified on the purchase order.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.6 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

3.1 This test method is used to determine the grading of aggregates extracted from asphalt mixtures. The results are used to determine compliance of the particle size distribution with applicable specifications requirements, and to provide necessary data for control of the production of various aggregates to be used in asphalt mixtures.NOTE 1: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determination of the particle size distribution of fine and coarse aggregates extracted from asphalt mixtures using sieves with square openings.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This standard serves as a guide to existing standards or variations of existing standards that may be applicable to determine specific mechanical properties of materials made with an additive manufacturing process.1.2 As noted in many of these referenced standards, there are several factors that may influence the reported properties, including material, material anisotropy, method of material preparation, porosity, method of specimen preparation, testing environment, specimen alignment and gripping, testing speed, and testing temperature. These factors should be recorded, to the extent that they are known, according to Practice F2971 and the guidelines of the referenced standards.1.3 The following standards are not referred to directly in the guide but also have information that may be useful in the testing of metal test specimens made via additive manufacturing: A370, A1058, B211, B348, B557, B565, B724, B769, E3, E6, E7, E290, E467, E468, E837, E915, E1049,E1823, E1942.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers cold-drawn, stress-relieved carbon steel bars subject to mechanical property requirements. The bars are furnished in two classes, A and B. Class A are normal-draft cold-drawn and stress-relieved rounds, squares, hexagons, and flats. Class B are heavy-draft cold-drawn and stress-relieved rounds and hexagons. The steel shall be made by one or more of the following primary processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace. The cast or heat analysis shall conform to the chemical composition requirements specified. Tension test shall be made to conform to the requirements specified.1.1 This specification covers two classes, nine grades, and four conditions of stress-relieved cold-drawn carbon steel bars produced to mechanical property requirements. One class, B, is cold drawn with higher than normal (heavy) drafts to provide higher strength levels, and four grades provide improved machinability.1.2 Supplementary Requirements, S1 through S6, of an optional nature are provided.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 These test methods may be used for quality control testing of established grades of carbon and graphite materials, in the development of new grades, and for other purposes where relative strength levels are the primary quantities of interest. This test method may be applicable only if the ratio of specimen diameter to grain size, or flaw size, is greater than 5.4.2 These test methods do not substitute for that described in Test Method C749, but are useful where less sophisticated data and less expensive techniques are sufficient.4.3 Carbon and graphite materials exhibit significant physical property differences within parent materials. Exact sampling patterns and grain orientations must be specified in order to make meaningful tensile strength comparisons.1.1 These test methods cover the apparatus, specimen, and procedures for the tension testing of carbon and graphite mechanical materials with a grain size smaller than 0.79 mm.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.2.1 Exception—All of the figures are dimensioned in inches in accordance with the original standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) push-fit mechanical fittings for use with crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) tubing that meet the requirements of Specification F876. These fittings are intended for use in residential and commercial, hot and cold, potable water distribution systems as well as hydronic heating, including under-floor heating systems. Included are the requirements for materials, workmanship, dimensions, performance, and markings to be used on the fittings.1.1 This specification covers crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) push-fit mechanical fittings for use with crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) tubing in 1/2 , 3/4 , 1 and 1 1/4  in. nominal diameters that meet the requirements of Specification F876. These fittings are intended for use in residential and commercial, hot and cold, potable water distribution systems as well as hydronic heating, including under-floor heating systems, up to and including 100 psig (6.90 bar) and 180 °F (82 °C). Included are the requirements for materials, workmanship, dimensions, performance, and markings to be used on the fittings.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method calibrates or demonstrates conformity of a dynamic mechanical analyzer at an isothermal temperature within the range of –100 °C to 300 °C.5.2 Dynamic mechanical analysis experiments often use temperature ramps. This method does not address the effect of that change in temperature on the storage modulus.5.3 A calibration factor may be required to obtain corrected storage modulus values.5.4 This method may be used in research and development, specification acceptance, and quality control or assurance.1.1 This test method describes the calibration or performance confirmation for the storage modulus scale of a commercial or custom built dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) over the temperature range of –100 °C to 300 °C using reference materials in the range of 1 GPa to 200 GPa.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This specification is limited to vapor permeable flexible sheet materials which are intended to be mechanically attached and are generally installed behind the cladding system in exterior walls.1.2 This specification is limited to the evaluation of materials and does not address installed performance. Although the fastening practices (type of fastener, fastening schedule, etc.) may affect the installed function of these materials, they are not included in this specification.1.3 This specification does not address integration of the water-resistive barrier with other wall elements. The topic is addressed in more detail in Practice E2112 and Guide E2266.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method is designed to determine the glass transition temperature of continuous fiber reinforced polymer composites using the DMA method. The DMA Tg value is frequently used to indicate the upper use temperature of composite materials, as well as for quality control of composite materials.1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the determination of the dry or wet (moisture conditioned) glass transition temperature (Tg) of polymer matrix composites containing high-modulus, 20 GPa (> 3 × 106 psi), fibers using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) under flexural oscillation mode, which is a specific subset of the Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) method.1.2 The glass transition temperature is dependent upon the physical property measured, the type of measuring apparatus and the experimental parameters used. The glass transition temperature determined by this test method (referred to as “DMA Tg”) may not be the same as that reported by other measurement techniques on the same test specimen.1.3 This test method is primarily intended for polymer matrix composites reinforced by continuous, oriented, high-modulus fibers. Other materials, such as neat resin, may require non-standard deviations from this test method to achieve meaningful results.1.4 The values stated in SI units are standard. The values given in parentheses are non-standard mathematical conversions to common units that are provided for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

4.1 This guide attempts to detail specific areas of concern regarding the attachment of geomembranes to structures. Components of the geomembrane attachment are addressed as to the type and use of each component.4.2 Although this guide does not address all aspects of geomembrane attachments, the user of this guide may note important objectives and design issues of each component of the geomembrane. All these objectives and design issues may or may not be required to obtain an appropriate geomembrane attachment. By describing these areas of concern, it is hoped that the user of this guide will be able to design geomembrane attachments, develop specifications or construct geomembrane attachments, or both, which fulfill the requirements of its design intent.1.1 This guide covers procedures that can be employed to mechanically attach fabricated geomembranes to structures, pipes, etc.1.2 This guide does not address all problems or situations a geomembrane installer or design engineer may face in the attachment of geomembranes to structures, pipes, etc. The sole purpose of this standard guide is to point out typical problems with geomembrane attachments and clearly state objectives of each component of the geomembrane attachment(s).1.3 This guide has been generated for geomembrane application(s); however, a geomembrane installer or design engineer, or both, may find portions of this guide applicable to other geosynthetics.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 WPCs are intended for use in both structural and non-structural applications. The test methods described within are intended to address products that are manufactured from virgin or recycled wood and thermoplastic sources. These methods provide a reference for the evaluation of several mechanical and physical properties important for structural and non-structural uses of WPCs.1.1 This guide covers test methods appropriate for evaluating a wide range of performance properties for wood-plastic composite (WPC) products. It was developed from evaluations of both experimental and currently manufactured products, and is not intended to suggest that all the tests listed are necessary or appropriate for each application of a WPC. The user must determine which test methods apply to the particular application being evaluated (see Appendix X1).1.2 Details of manufacturing processes may be proprietary and are beyond the scope of this guide.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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