5.1 This standard practice is designed to specify the minimum training and testing required of HFE operators trainees before they obtain a Heat Fusion Equipment Operator Qualification card. It will allow the industry to require the “HFE” operators be trained and qualified to an approved procedure before they can heat fuse PE or PA pipe in the field. The standard practice will bring more competency in the operators and more consistency in the training they receive.1.1 This practice describes criteria for the training, assessment and qualification of heat fusion equipment (HFE) operators in, but not limited to, a field environment in order to establish and maintain competency in the joining of Polyethylene (PE) and Polyamide (PA) piping systems.1.2 This HFE operator training and qualification is applicable to heat fusion joining of PE pipe and fittings to other PE pipe and fittings of related polymer chemistry specified in the heat fusion procedures or standards used. It is also applicable to heat fusion joining of PA pipe and fittings to other PA pipe and fittings of the same polymer chemistry specified in the heat fusion procedures or standards used. The heat fusion between PE pipe and fittings to PA pipe and fittings is NOT allowed.1.3 The HFE operator training and qualification shall be for butt fusion for either PE or PA piping products, using the specific brand and size range of fusion machine to be used by the HFE operator and the heat fusion procedures or standards specified. If the HFE operator trainee requests, the training shall also include saddle and/or socket fusion of PE pipe and fittings of related polymer chemistry specified in the heat fusion procedures or standards used. This standard does not include training on the electro-fusion of these piping products.1.4 The HFE operator qualification shall be for one specific manufacturer’s fusion machine or a size range of that manufacturer’s hydraulic fusion machines or equipment that all operate in the same manner with the same hydraulic design and controls and the same heater and facer design. For smaller pipe sizes (6 in. and smaller), the qualification can be on a specific fusion machine or a combination of butt, saddle and/or socket fusion machines or equipment.1.5 The HFE operator qualification shall be on specific heat fusion procedures or standards specified for PE and PA pipes. For PE pipe and fittings, this shall include Practice F2620 or other company or pipe manufacturer’s procedures, or a combination thereof. For PA-11 pipe and fittings, this shall include Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI) Technical Report TR-45 or other company or pipe manufacturer’s procedures. For PA-12 pipe and fittings, this shall include Practice F3372 or other company or pipe manufacturer’s procedures, or a combination thereof. For other PA pipe materials, use other company or pipe manufacturer’s procedures.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 This specification covers crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) pipe that is outside diameter controlled in metric pipe sizes (DN 16 to 1000) and inch pipe sizes (NPS 3 to 54), and pressure rated (see Appendix X1) using the MRS rating system. This Specification is intended for PEX pipe made by various processes, as long as the PEX pipe made by that process meets all the requirements of this Specification. Included are requirements and test methods for material, workmanship, UV protection, dimensions, hydrostatic sustained pressure, stabilizer functionality, bent-pipe hydrostatic pressure, chemical resistance, minimum operating temperature, degree of crosslinking, squeeze-off, and hydrostatic burst pressure. Requirements for pipe markings are also given. The pipe covered by this specification is intended for natural gas distribution.1.2 This specification also includes requirements for qualifying joints made using polyethylene electrofusion fittings (such as Specification F3373) and PEX pipe. Fittings to be used with PEX pipe manufactured to this specification are in Specification F2829/F2829M. Installation considerations are in X3.2.NOTE 1: NPS fittings should not be used for DN sized pipe, and DN sized fittings should not be used for NPS pipe.1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) should not be considered as requirements of the specification.1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.4.1 For consistency with ISO 9080, MRS values are only in MPa and degrees Centigrade for conversion to the pipe material designation code (for example PEX pipe with an MRS of 8 MPa is called a PEX 80.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

1.1 This provisional specification covers low, medium, and high density polyethylene rods, and tubes for general purpose, dielectric, and weather resistant applications.1.1.1 Coverage--This provisional specification covers polyethylene rods and tubes made from material conforming to L-P-390.1.2 Classification-- Polyethylene rods and tubes include the applicable type, class, and grade (see 3.1 and 6.2) in accordance with Table 1 , as follows:1.3 This specification is intended to replace MIL-P-21922B.Note 1--There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.1.4 The values are stated in inch-pound units.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, 4.4, of this specification:This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 The classification system outlined is intended to be identical to that used by the Department of Defense for many years. No changes are intended at this time.1.6 Provisional standards achieve limited consensus through approval of the sponsoring subcommittee.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, workmanship, dimensions, perforations, pipe stiffness, elongation, joint separation resistance, quality of extruded polyethylene, brittleness, bond, and marking of corrugated polyethylene (PE) pipe and fittings. This specification covers tubularly extruded, spirally laminated, and rotationally molded corrugated polyethylene pipe. Corrugated PE pipe and fittings are intended for underground applications where soil provides support to their flexible walls. Their major use is to collect or convey drainage water, or both. The following tests shall be performed: dimensions and tolerances; pipe stiffness; elongation; pipe stiffness while elongated; joint-separation test; and brittleness.1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, workmanship, dimensions, perforations, pipe stiffness, elongation, joint separation resistance, quality of extruded polyethylene, brittleness, bond, and marking of corrugated polyethylene (PE) pipe and fittings. It covers nominal sizes 3 in. [76 mm], 4 in. [102 mm], 5 in. [127 mm] 6 in. [152 mm], 8 in. [203 mm], 10 in. [254 mm], 12 in. [305 mm], 15 in. [381 mm], 18 in. [457 mm], and 24 in. [610 mm].1.2 This specification covers tubularly extruded, spirally laminated, and rotationally molded corrugated polyethylene pipe.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 9, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 This specification describes requirements and test methods for the qualification of PE and PP plastic bodied mechanical fittings intended to join cold water service pipe and tubing of NPS 3 or less. This includes plastic mechanical fittings intended for use on pipe and tubing covered by the following standards: D3035, D2737, D2239, F876, D2239, F2769, AWWA C901, and AWWA C904. Also, included in this specification are requirements for materials and qualification testing.1.2 Plastic mechanical fittings for hot and cold-water systems inside buildings as well as for district heating applications are not covered by this specification.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers the requirements and test methods for high-density polyethylene (PE) materials, line pipes, and fittings used in pressure or non-pressure oil and gas producing applications to convey fluids such as oil, dry or wet gas, multiphase fluids, and non-potable oilfield water. This specification does not apply to pipes for gas distribution applications. PE material compounds suitable for use in the manufacture of pipes and fittings under this specification shall adhere to values of the following properties: density (natural base resin), melt index, flexural modulus, tensile strength at yield, SCG resistance, hydrostatic strength, color and UV stabilization, hydrostatic design stress, and hydrostatic design basis. The line pipes shall meet specific requirements as to workmanship, dimensions (outside diameter, toe-in, outside surface irregularity, ovality, wall thickness, and special sizes), inside surface ductility, tensile elongation, bendback resistance, elevated temperature sustained pressure, short-term strength and pressurization, apparent tensile strength at yield, and carbon black content. And conversely, PE fittings shall be manufactured in accordance with their intended use with correspondingly sized PE line pipes, as follows: socket fusion fittings, butt fusion fittings, electrofusion fittings, fabricated fittings, and transition fittings.1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for high-density polyethylene (PE) materials, pipe and fittings for pressure or non-pressure oil and gas producing applications to convey fluids such as oil, dry or wet gas, multiphase fluids, and non-potable oilfield water. This specification does not cover pipe for gas distribution applications.1.1.1 For the purposes of this specification, high-density polyethylene material is Specification D3350 density cell classification 3 or higher. This specification does not cover materials having Specification D3350 density cell classification less than 3 such as medium or low density polyethylene materials.1.1.2 See Specification D2513 for polyethylene pipe and fittings intended for use in the distribution of natural gas, or for use with liquefied petroleum gas.1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

4.1 This practice summarizes a method that may be used to accelerate the oxidation of UHMWPE components using elevated temperature and elevated oxygen pressure. Under real-time conditions, such as shelf aging and implantation, oxidative changes to UHMWPE after sterilization using high-energy radiation may take months or years to produce changes that may result in deleterious mechanical performance. The method outlined in this practice permits the evaluation of oxidative stability in a relatively short period of time (for example, weeks).4.2 This practice may also be used to oxidize UHMWPE test specimens and joint replacement components prior to characterization of their physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. In particular, this practice may be used for accelerated aging of UHMWPE components prior to evaluation in a hip or knee joint wear simulator as outlined in Guide F1714 (hip wear), Guide F1715 (knee wear), ISO 14242 (hip wear), or ISO 14243 (knee wear), or combination thereof.1.1 It is the intent of this practice to permit an investigator to evaluate the oxidative stability of UHMWPE materials as a function of processing and sterilization method. This practice describes a laboratory procedure for accelerated aging of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) specimens and components for total joint prostheses. The UHMWPE is aged at elevated temperature and at elevated oxygen pressure, to accelerate oxidation of the material and thereby allow for the evaluation of its long-term chemical and mechanical stability.1.2 Although the accelerated aging method described by this practice will permit an investigator to compare the oxidative stability of different UHMWPE materials, it is recognized that this method may not precisely simulate the degradative mechanisms for an implant during real-time shelf aging and implantation.1.3 The accelerated aging method specified herein has been validated based on oxidation levels exhibited by certain shelf-aged UHMWPE components packaged in air and sterilized with gamma radiation. The method has not been shown to be representative of shelf aging when the UHMWPE is packaged in an environment other than air. For example, this practice has not been directly correlated with the shelf life of components that have been sealed in a low-oxygen package, such as nitrogen. This practice is not intended to simulate any change that may occur in UHMWPE following implantation.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 The procedures described in Sections 7 – 9 are primarily intended for (but not limited to) field joining of polyethylene (PE) pipe and fittings, using suitable equipment and appropriate environmental control procedures. When properly implemented, strong pressure/leak-tight joints are produced. When these joints are destructively tested, the failure occurs outside the fusion joined area.4.2 Melt characteristics, average molecular weight and molecular weight distribution are influential factors in establishing suitable fusion parameters; therefore, consider the manufacturer’s instructions in the use or development of a specific fusion procedure. See Annex A1.4.3 The socket fusion, butt fusion, and saddle fusion procedures in this practice are suitable for joining PE gas pipe and fittings, PE water pipe and fittings, and PE general purpose pipes and fittings made to PE product specifications from organizations such as ASTM, AWWA, API, and ISO that are used in pressure, low pressure and non-pressure applications. For gas applications, qualification of the procedure by testing joints made using the procedure in accordance with regulations from the authority having jurisdiction are required.1.1 This practice describes procedures for making joints with polyethylene (PE) pipe and fittings by means of heat fusion joining in, but not limited to, a field environment. Other suitable heat fusion joining procedures are available from various sources including pipe and fitting manufacturers. This practice does not purport to address all possible heat fusion joining procedures, or to preclude the use of qualified procedures developed by other parties that have been proved to produce reliable heat fusion joints.1.2 The parameters and procedures are applicable only to joining polyethylene pipe and fittings of related polymer chemistry. They are intended for PE fuel gas pipe in accordance with Specification D2513 and PE potable water, sewer and industrial pipe manufactured in accordance with Specification F714, Specification D3035, and AWWA C901 and C906. Consult with the pipe manufacturers to make sure they approve this procedure for the pipe to be joined (see Appendix X1).NOTE 1: The parameters and procedures shown for Section 8. Procedure 2—Butt Fusion, were developed and validated using testing documented in Plastic Pipe Institute (PPI) TR-33. The parameters and procedures shown in Section 9. Procedure 3— Saddle Fusion, were developed and validated using testing documented in PPI TR-41.NOTE 2: Information about polyethylene pipe and fittings that have related polymer chemistry is presented in Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI) TR-33 and TR-41.1.3 Parts that are within the dimensional tolerances given in present ASTM specifications are required to produce sound joints between polyethylene pipe and fittings when using the joining techniques described in this practice.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 The text of this practice references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the practice.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

This specification covers requirements, test methods, materials, and marking for polyethylene (PE), open bottom, buried arch-shaped chambers of corrugated wall construction used for collection, detention, and retention of stormwater runoff. These collection chambers can be used as commercial, residential, agricultural, and highway drainage, including installation under parking lots and roadways. This specification indicates the classifications, tolerances, and dimensions of the chambers. It also lists the test methods that examine the physical and mechanical properties of finished chambers.1.1 This specification covers requirements, test methods, materials, and marking for polyethylene (PE), open bottom, buried arch-shaped chambers of corrugated wall construction used for collection, detention, and retention of stormwater runoff. Applications include commercial, residential, agricultural, and highway drainage, including installation under parking lots and roadways.1.2 Chambers are produced in arch shapes with dimensions based on chamber rise, chamber span, and wall stiffness. Chambers are manufactured with integral feet that provide base support. Chambers may include perforations to enhance water flow. Chambers must meet test requirements for arch stiffness, flattening, and accelerated weathering.1.3 Analysis and experience have shown that the successful performance of this product depends upon the type and depth of bedding and backfill, and care in installation. This specification includes requirements for the manufacturer to provide chamber installation instructions to the purchaser.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 When properly used, these procedures serve to isolate such factors as material, blow-molding conditions, post-treatment, and so forth, on the stress-crack resistance of the container.5.2 Environmental stress cracking of blow-molded containers is governed by many factors. Since variance of any of these factors can change the environmental stress-crack resistance of the container, the test results are representative only of a given test performed under defined conditions in the laboratory. The reproducibility of results between laboratories on containers made on more than one machine from more than one mold has not been established.5.3 Results can be used for estimating the shelf life of blow-molded containers in terms of their resistance to environmental stress cracking provided this is done against a rigorous background of practical field experience and reproducible test data.1.1 Under certain conditions of stress, and in the presence of environments such as soaps, wetting agents, oils, or detergents, blow-molded polyethylene containers exhibit mechanical failure by cracking at stresses appreciably below those that would cause cracking in the absence of these environments.1.2 This test method measures the environmental stress crack resistance of blow-molded containers, which is the summation of the influence of container design, resin, blow-molding conditions, post treatment, or other factors that can affect this property. Three procedures are provided as follows:1.2.1 Procedure A, Stress-Crack Resistance of Containers to Potential Stress-cracking Liquids—This procedure is particularly useful for determining the effect of container design on stress-crack resistance or the stress-crack resistance of a proposed container that contains a liquid product.1.2.2 Procedure B, Stress-Crack Resistance of a Specific Container to Polyoxyethylated Nonylphenol (CAS 68412-54-4), a Stress-Cracking Agent—The conditions of test described in this procedure are designed for testing containers made from Class 3 polyethylene Specification D4976. Therefore, this procedure is recommended for containers made from Class 3 polyethylene only. This procedure is particularly useful for determining the effect of resin on the stress-crack resistance of the container.1.2.3 Procedure C, Controlled Elevated Pressure Stress-Crack Resistance of a Specific Container to Polyoxyethylated Nonylphenol (CAS 68412-54-4), a Stress-Cracking Agent—The internal pressure is controlled at a constant elevated level.NOTE 1: There are environmental concerns regarding the disposal of Polyoxyethylated Nonylphenol (Nonylphenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy) ethanol (CAS 68412-54-4), for example, Igepal CO-630). Users are advised to consult their supplier or local environmental office and follow the guidelines provided for the proper disposal of this chemical.1.3 These procedures are not designed to test the propensity for environmental stress cracking in the neck of containers, such as when the neck is subjected to a controlled strain by inserting a plug.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.NOTE 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8 and Note 1.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification establishes the basic requirements and corresponding test methods for polyethylene of raised temperature (PE-RT) SDR 9 tubing that is outside diameter controlled, and pressure rated for water at specific temperatures. The tubing produced under this specification shall be permitted for use in general fluid transport, including hydronics and irrigations systems. The plastic used to make the tubing shall be virgin plastic or reworked plastic and shall have Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI) long-term hydrostatic design stress and pressure ratings as the specified temperatures. When evaluated by the test procedures provided herein, the tubing shall meet specified requirements for workmanship, dimensions such as outside diameter and wall thickness, sustained pressure, burst pressure, oxidative resistance, and bent tubes. Quality assurance and product marking methods are also considered.1.1 This specification establishes requirements for polyethylene of raised temperature (PE-RT) systems for non-potable water applications. System components include PE-RT SDR 9 tubing, manifolds, fittings, valves and other appurtenances, and mechanical and fusion joining. PE-RT tubing is pressure rated for water at 73 °F (23 °C) and 180 °F (82 °C), and optionally 140 °F (60 °C). Included are requirements for materials, workmanship, dimensions and tolerances, product tests, and markings, and an optional barrier layer. Fittings include mechanical insert fittings and fusion fittings.1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3.1 Values in parentheses are appropriately rounded for accuracy and precision and are not exact equivalents.1.4 The tubing systems produced under this specification are intended for use in the transport of non-potable water such as hydronic and irrigation systems.1.4.1 PE-RT tubing containing an outside surface or mid-wall gas barrier layer or both is acceptable.1.4.2 PE-RT systems under this standard are not intended for use in the transport of potable water. See Specification F2769 for PE-RT potable water distribution systems.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

5.1 The crystallinity of UHMWPE will influence its mechanical properties, such as creep and stiffness. The reported crystallinity will depend on the integration range used to determine the heat of fusion, and the theoretical heat of fusion of 100 % crystalline polyethylene used to calculate the percent crystallinity in an unknown specimen. Differential scanning calorimetry is an effective means of accurately measuring both heat of fusion and melting temperature.5.2 This test method is useful for both process control and research.1.1 This test method discusses the measurement of the heat of fusion and the melting point of ultra-high-molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), and the subsequent calculation of the percentage of crystallinity.1.2 This test method can be used for UHMWPE in powder form, consolidated form, finished product, or a used product. It can also be used for irradiated or chemically-crosslinked UHMWPE.1.3 This test method does not suggest a desired range of crystallinity or melting points for specific applications.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for 6 in. (150 mm) through 60 in. (1500 mm) fabricated or molded solid wall poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) gasketed sanitary sewer fittings to be used with piping manufactured to Specifications F2763, F2764, or F2947. Fabricated fittings may be manufactured from pipe, or from a combination of pipe and injection molded parts with PVC base stock.1.2 The requirements of this specification are to provide fabricated or molded solid wall PVC gasketed fittings for nonpressure drainage of sewage.1.3 Fittings produced to this specification are intended to be installed with pipe, in accordance with Practice D2321.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Environment or oxidative time-to-fail data derived from this test method, analyzed in accordance with Section 13, are suitable for extrapolation to typical end-use temperatures and hoop stresses. The extrapolated value(s) provides a relative indication of the resistance of the tested PEX pipe or tubing or system to the oxidative effects of hot, chlorinated water for conditions equivalent to those conditions under which the test data were obtained. The performance of a material or piping product under actual conditions of installation and use is dependent upon a number of factors including installation methods, use patterns, water quality, nature and magnitude of localized stresses, and other variables of an actual, operating hot-and-cold water distribution system that are not addressed in this test method. As such, the extrapolated values do not constitute a representation that a PEX tube or system with a given extrapolated time-to-failure value will perform for that period of time under actual use conditions.1.1 This test method describes the general requirements for evaluating the long-term, chlorinated water, oxidative resistance of cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) pipe or tubing produced in accordance with PEX specifications, such as Specification F876 or Specification F2788/F2788M by exposure to hot, chlorinated water. This test method outlines the requirements of a pressurized flow-through test system, typical test pressures, test-fluid characteristics, failure type, and data analysis.NOTE 1: Other known disinfecting systems (chlorine dioxide, ozone, and chloramines) are also used for protection of potable water. Free-chlorine is the most common disinfectant in use today. A PPI research project examined the relative aggressiveness of free chlorine and chloramines on PEX pipes, both at the same 4.0 ppm concentration and the same test temperatures. The results of the testing showed pipe failure times approximately 40% longer when tested with chloramines compared to testing with free chlorine, at the tested conditions. Based on these results, the data suggests that chloramines are less aggressive than free chlorine to PEX pipes.1.2 Guidelines and requirements for test temperatures, test hoop stresses, and other test criteria have been established by prior testing of PEX pipe or tubing produced by the three most common commercial methods of cross-linking: silane, peroxide, and electron-beam (see Note 2). Other related system components that typically appear in a PEX hot-and-cold water distribution system can be evaluated with the PEX pipe or tubing. When testing PEX pipe or tubing and fittings as a system, it is recommended that the anticipated end-use fitting type(s) and material(s) be included in the test circuit since it is known that some fitting types and materials can impact failure times. Specimens used shall be representative of the piping product(s) and material(s) under investigation.NOTE 2: The procedures described in this test method (with some modifications of test temperatures or stresses, or both) have been used to evaluate pipes manufactured from polybutylene (PB), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), multilayer (polymer-metal composite), copper, and stainless steel.1.3 This test method is applicable to PEX pipe or tubing and systems used for transport of potable water containing free-chlorine for disinfecting purposes. The oxidizing potential of the test-fluid specified in this test method exceeds that typically found in potable water systems across the United States.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 12, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Performance properties are dependent on the number and type of short chain branches. This test method permits measurement of these branches for ethylene copolymers with propylene, butene-1, hexene-1, octene-1, and 4-methylpentene-1.1.1 This test method determines the molar composition of copolymers prepared from ethylene (ethene) and a second alkene-1 monomer. This second monomer can include propene, butene-1, hexene-1, octene-1, and 4-methylpentene-1.1.2 Calculations of this test method are valid for products containing units EEXEE, EXEXE, EXXE, EXXXE, and of course EEE where E equals ethene and X equals alkene-1. Copolymers containing a considerable number of alkene-1 blocks (such as, longer blocks than XXX) are outside the scope of this test method.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 8 for a specific hazard statement.NOTE 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

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