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4.1 Precision statements for calculated values can be developed using this approach. Users can also evaluate how an individual test method’s precision influences the variability of calculated values.4.2 The standard deviation of a calculated value that is the sum, difference, product, or quotient of two or more test method results, each with their own precision statement, can be calculated so long as the individual variables (that is, test results) are independent and the standard deviations are small relative to their mean values. These restrictions are usually met in ASTM methods. In those cases where these restrictions are not met, other methods can be used. Only cases complying with the restrictions are covered in this standard.1.1 Material and mixture properties such as air voids and voids in mineral aggregates (VMA) are calculated from two or three test results, combined in simple mathematical relationships. The standard deviation equations for these calculated values can be developed using a mathematical process called “propagation of errors” (also called “propagation of uncertainty”). This practice includes uncertainty equations for four forms or material and mixture equations: when two test results are (1) added or subtracted, (2) multiplied together, (3) one divided by the other, and (4) two test results divided by a third.1.2 This approach to calculating standard deviation equations is only valid when the distributions of the test results from the two standards are independent (that is, not correlated).1.3 The accuracy of a calculated standard deviation is dependent on the accuracy of the standard deviations used for the individual test result methods.1.4 Values for the mean and standard deviation for each test method are needed to determine the standard deviation for a calculated value.1.5 Examples of how to use these equations are shown in Appendix X1.1.6 A brief explanation of how standard deviation equations are derived for more complicated material and mixture equations is also included.1.7 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This test method of applying force may be used as a standard test to compare the characteristics of a given design of container/child-resistant closure system with a standard or to compare the characteristics of container/child resistant closure systems differing in construction.It may be used to simulate certain manipulations that may be expected to occur in protocol testing (such as, prying with the teeth, or objects in the room, biting, and pulling with the teeth).This test may be used to establish performance specifications. Shelling force may vary with cap application torque, bottle design, and other factors. Consequently where precise comparative results are desired, these factors must be carefully controlled.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the force required to separate (or “shell”) the snap-fitted outer cap from the inner cap of Type IA, IB, or IC child-resistant closures. See Practice D3475.1.2 This test method is an alternative to Test Method D3481, a manual test procedure.1.3 This test method does not measure the force required to separate parts of a child-resistant closure system that were originally “screwed-on” instead of “snapped-on” (for example, pull a cap over or through continuous or multi-start threads when the cap was originally screwed on).1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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This specification covers the minimum performance requirements and associated test methods for annealed transparent or non-transparent soda-lime-silicate glass containers that are produced for use as candle containers. The glass containers shall conform to specified annealing and thermal shock requirements, and shall undergo appropriate scratch testing to ensure that residual stress is reduced to a commercially acceptable level.1.1 This specification is specifically for soda-lime-silicate glass containers that are intended to be used as filled candle containers. This specification does not apply to other glass accessories used for candles, such as votive holders, hurricanes, and glass holders used with free-standing candles. The glass manufacturer or glass secondary processor is responsible for the compliance of the product and maintaining documentation of test results during the manufacturing process.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This test method of applying force may be used as a standard test to compare the characteristics of a given design of container/child-resistant closure system with a standard or to compare the characteristics of container/child-resistant closure systems differing in construction.It may be used to simulate certain manipulations that may be expected to occur in protocol testing (such as, prying with the teeth or objects in the room, biting, and pulling with the teeth).This test method may be used to establish performance specifications.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the force required to separate (or “shell”) the snap-fitted outer cap from the inner cap of Type IA, IB, or IC child-resistant closures.1.2 This test method does not measure the force required to separate parts of a child-resistant closure system that were originally “screwed-on” instead of “snapped-on” (for example, pull a cap over or through continuous or multi-start threads when the cap was originally screwed on).1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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4.1 This guide is intended for use by those responsible for the development and implementation of training programs, that include competency evaluation, for triage in the prehospital environment.4.2 This guide is not intended to be used by itself, but as a component of Guide F1288.4.3 This guide acknowledges many types of individuals with varying levels of emergency medical training. It also establishes a minimum training standard and encourages the addition of optional knowledge, skill, and attitudinal objectives.4.4 A vital role in the development and operational application of triage is that of medical control. This guide should be used by medical directors in the determination of operational and medical protocols for use during MCIs and coordinated with those who are responsible for training.4.5 At the beginning of the program, students shall be informed of the course objectives and requirements for successful completion.1.1 This guide covers minimum requirements for the training and evaluation of individuals who perform triage at an emergency medical incident involving multiple casualties in a prehospital environment.1.2 All training will be in accordance with Guide F1653.1.3 Included in this guide is a standard for knowledge and skill evaluation.1.4 Operating within the framework of this guide may expose personnel to hazardous materials, procedures, and equipment. For additional information see Practice F1031 and Guides F1219, F1253, F1285, F1288, F1453, and F1489.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see the document cited in Footnote 3.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

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This practice sets guidelines for the receiving, testing and reporting of result of the investigation of metal, ores and related materials that may constitute evidence that is or may become involved in litigation. It outlines procedures to be followed to document the nature and condition of the evidence, the planning and performance of the testing, and actions that involve altering the nature or condition of the evidence.1.1 This practice covers the procedures to be used for receiving, testing and reporting results of investigation of metals, ores, related materials or samples thereof that have been the subject of an incident that is or is reasonably expected to be the subject of litigation.1.2 This practice was developed particularly for cases involving civil litigation, however it can be applied to criminal cases where it does not conflict with applicable laws and regulations.

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定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车