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This specification covers high purity titanium sputtering targets for use as raw material in the fabrication of semiconductor electronic thin films. Material covered by this specification comprises Grades 4N, 4N5, and 5N titanium sputtering targets, the grades of which are based on the total metallic impurity content. The target shall be manufactured free of any contaminates such as dirt or oils and with average and maximum grain sizes in conformity with the requirements specified. The target shall be analyzed for trace metallic impurities, carbon, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and hydrogen and shall conform to the grade requirements and the acceptable and minimum detection limits specified.1.1 This specification covers pure titanium sputtering targets used as a raw material in fabricating semiconductor electronic devices.1.2 This standard sets purity grade levels, physical attributes, analytical methods, and packaging.1.2.1 The grade designation is a measure of total metallic impurity content. The grade designation does not necessarily indicate suitability for a particular application because factors other than total metallic impurity may influence performance.

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This guide identifies the standard test methods to use in evaluating unsintered extruded films or tapes manufactured from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The test methods covered here shall be capable of investigating the following material properties: width; thickness; tensile properties (tensile strength and elongation); specificat gravity (relative density); residual extrusion aids or other volatile components; dielectric constant; volume resistivity; dielectric breakdown voltage; and unit weight.1.1 This guide identifies test methods to use in evaluating unsintered extruded films or tapes manufactured from polytetrafluoroethylene.1.2 The values stated in SI units as detailed in IEEE/ASTM SI 10, are to be regarded as standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: This test method is equivalent to ISO 12086-2:2006 in the measurement of tensile properties, specific gravity, and dielectric constant. These are in ISO 12086-2:2006, sections 8.2.2, 10.6 and 8.1.1. It is not equivalent to ISO 12086-2:2006 in any other measurement or section..1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 Applying Test Method F390 to large flat panel substrates presents a number of serious difficulties not anticipated in the development of that standard. The following problems are encountered.5.1.1 The four-point probe method may be destructive to the thin film being measured. Sampling should therefore be taken close to an edge or corner of the plate, where the film is expendable. Special geometrical correction factors are then required to derive the true sheet resistance.5.1.2 Test Method F390 is limited to a conventional collinear probe arrangement, but a staggered collinear and square arrays are useful in particular circumstances. Correction factors are needed to account for nonconventional probe arrangements.5.1.3 Test Method F390 anticipates a precision testing arrangement in which the probe mount and sample are rigidly positioned. There is no corresponding apparatus available for testing large glass or plastic substrates. Indeed, it is common in flat panel display making that the probe is hand held by the operator.5.1.4 It is difficult, given the conditions cited in 5.1.3, to ensure that uniform probe spacing is not degraded by rough handling of the equipment. The phased square array, described, averages out probe placement errors.5.1.5 This practice is estimated to be precise to the following levels. Otherwise acceptable precision may be degraded by probe wobble, however (see 8.6.4).5.1.5.1 As a referee method, in which the probe and measuring apparatus are checked and qualified before use by the procedures of Test Method F390 paragraph 7 and this practice, paragraph 8: standard deviation, s, from measured sheet resistance, RS, is ≤ 0.01 RS.5.1.5.2 As a routine method, with periodic qualifications of probe and measuring apparatus by the procedures of Test Method F390 paragraph 7 and this practice, paragraph 8: standard deviation, s, from measured sheet resistance, RS, is ≤ 0.02 RS.1.1 This practice describes methods for measuring the sheet electrical resistance of sputtered thin conductive films deposited on large insulating substrates, used in making flat panel information displays. It is assumed that the thickness of the conductive thin film is much thinner than the spacing of the contact probes used to measure the sheet resistance.1.2 This standard is intended to be used with Test Method F390.1.3 Sheet resistivity in the range 0.5 to 5000 ohms per square may be measured by this practice. The sheet resistance is assumed uniform in the area being probed.1.4 This practice is applicable to flat surfaces only.1.5 Probe pin spacings of 1.5 mm to 5.0 mm, inclusive (0.059 to 0.197 in inclusive) are covered by this practice.1.6 The method in this practice is potentially destructive to the thin film in the immediate area in which the measurement is made. Areas tested should thus be characteristic of the functional part of the substrate, but should be remote from critical active regions. The method is suitable for characterizing dummy test substrates processed at the same time as substrates of interest.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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5.1 The rigidity of a polyolefin web can affect its machinability, particularly on those packaging machines where a cut portion of a web is required to remain flat momentarily without being supported on all sides.5.2 Rigidity is not a simple property since it depends on other properties of the specimen: the thickness (gauge), orientation effects, and the stiffness which is an inherent property of the material of which the film or sheet is made. The combined effect of these factors is the rigidity that influences performance on converting machines.1.1 This test method describes two procedures for measuring the rigidity of polyolefin film and sheeting.1.2 Procedure A prescribes a procedure using high-voltage static eliminators and the use of TFE-fluorocarbon2-coated plates to overcome the spurious effects of static electricity and friction.1.3 Procedure B prescribes the use of a fine powder on uncoated plates to achieve a similar effect.Note 1—Although the two procedures are designed to achieve similar effect, they may not achieve the same results.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 2—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

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4.1 Pressure-sensitive film tapes are supplied in roll form. For such a tape to be useful a strip of the tape must be easily dispensed or severed from the roll by means of a cutter found on most dispensers. This test method is a means of measuring the ease of this severing or dispensing of the tape.4.2 This test method provides information that can be used in material specifications for product design and quality assurance applications. It can be used in comparing different tape products on specific dispensing blades.4.3 This test method may be suited for office and stationery and tapes with acetate, cellophane, or light-duty plastic backings. Some tapes may be shown to be difficult to dispense under these conditions yet are readily dispensable with other dispensing systems.NOTE 1: Backings described in CID A-A-113 are typical backings.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the force and elongation required to dispense pressure-sensitive film tape on a 1-in. core intended for office and stationery applications from a desk-top dispenser.1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This method indicates approximate change in properties of asphalt during conventional hot-mixing at about 150 °C [302 °F] as indicated by viscosity, penetration, or ductility measurements. It yields a residue which approximates the asphalt condition as incorporated in the pavement. If the mixing temperature differs appreciably from the 150 °C [302 °F] level, more or less effect on properties will occur.NOTE 1: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the effects of heat and air on a film of semisolid asphaltic materials. The effects of this treatment are determined from measurements of selected asphalt properties before and after the test.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/index.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury-containing products into your state may be prohibited by state law.1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 This practice describes three operational steps necessary to ensure accurate coating thickness measurement: calibration, verification and adjustment of coating thickness measuring gages, as well as proper methods for obtaining coating thickness measurements on both ferrous and non-ferrous metal substrates.4.2 Many specifications for commercial and industrial coatings projects stipulate a minimum and a maximum dry film thickness for each layer in a coating system. Additionally, most manufacturers of high performance coatings will warranty coating systems based upon, in part, achieving the proper thickness of each layer and the total coating system. Even if a project specification is not provided, the coating manufacturer’s recommendations published on product data sheets can become the governing document(s). Equipment manufacturers produce nondestructive coating thickness testing gages that are used to measure the cumulative or individual thickness of the coating layers, after they are dry. The manufacturers provide information for the adjustment and use of these gages, normally in the form of operating instructions. The user of this equipment must be knowledgeable in the proper operation of these devices, including methods for verifying the accuracy of the equipment prior to, during and after use as well as measurement procedures.1.1 This practice describes the use of magnetic and eddy current gages for dry film thickness measurement. This practice is intended to supplement the manufacturers’ instructions for the manual operation of the gages and is not intended to replace them. It includes definitions of key terms, reference documents, the significance and use of the practice, the advantages and limitations of coating thickness gages, and a description of test specimens. It describes the methods and recommended frequency for verifying the accuracy of gages and for adjusting the equipment and lists the reporting recommendations.1.2 These procedures are not applicable to coatings that will be readily deformed under the load of the measuring gages/probes, as the gage probe must be placed directly on the coating surface to obtain a reading. Provisions for measuring on soft or tacky coatings are described in 5.7.1.3 Coating thickness can be measured using a variety of gages. These gages are categorized as “magnetic pull-off” and “electronic.” They use a sensing probe or magnet to measure the gap (distance) between the base metal and the probe. This measured distance is displayed as coating thickness by the gages.1.4 Coating thickness can vary widely across a surface. As a result, obtaining single-point measurements may not accurately represent the actual coating system thickness. SSPC-PA 2 prescribes a frequency of coating thickness measurement based on the size of the area coated. A frequency of measurement for coated steel beams (girders) and coated test panels is also provided in the appendices to SSPC-PA 2. The governing specification is responsible for providing the user with the minimum and the maximum coating thickness for each layer, and for the total coating system.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 The results of the combined deformation and tape test are related to the ability of the coated metal to withstand stamping in factory applications.5.2 This test can be used to determine or control the manufacturing process or for coatings development work to improve the product.5.3 It should be recognized that variability in the results persists due to the test conditions and forming machine variations.1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the formability and adhesion of factory applied thin film organic coatings on steel having coating thicknesses of 2.5 to 10 microns (0.10 to 0.40 mils) typical of those used in the coil coating industry.1.2 The degree of oil removal prior to forming, the techniques of taping, and differences in adhesive strength of the tape can affect the adhesion rating.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 7.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 618元 / 折扣价： 526 元 加购物车

4.1 The folding endurance is frequently used to estimate the ability of the paper and plastics film to withstand repeated bending, folding, and creasing.4.2 Folding endurance has also been found useful in measuring the deterioration of paper and plastics film upon aging.1.1 This test method describes the use of the M.I.T.-type folding apparatus for determining folding endurance of paper and plastics film. The M.I.T. tester can be adjusted for samples of any thickness; however, if the outer layers thicker than about 0.25 mm (0.01 in.) rupture during the first few folds, the test loses its significance. The procedure for the Schopper-type apparatus is given in Test Method D643.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 The O2GTR is an important determinant of the packaging protection afforded by barrier materials. It is not, however, the sole determinant, and additional tests, based on experience, must be used to correlate packaging performance with O2GTR. It is suitable as a referee method of testing, provided that the purchaser and the seller have agreed on sampling procedures, standardization procedures, test conditions, and acceptance criteria.5.2 Testing which has compared select instruments with other sensors to the instruments specifically described in Test Method D3985 is shown in Section 16, Precision and Bias, of this method.5.3 The Precision and Bias section of this method shows results using several instruments with non-coulometric and coulometric sensors.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determination of the steady-state rate of transmission of oxygen gas through plastics in the form of film, sheeting, laminates, coextrusions, or plastic-coated papers or fabrics. It provides for the determination of (1) oxygen gas transmission rate (O2GTR), (2) the permeance of the film to oxygen gas (PO2), and (3) oxygen permeability coefficient (P′O2) in the case of homogeneous materials.1.2 This test method does not purport to be the only method for measurement of O2GTR. There may be other methods of O2GTR determination that use other oxygen sensors and procedures.1.3 This test method has intentionally been prepared to allow for the use of various sensors, devices, and procedures. The precision and bias of each design needs to be individually established to determine the applicability of that instrument or method to meet the needs of the user.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车