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ASTM D3601-88(2007) Standard Test Method for Foam In Aqueous Media (Bottle Test) (Withdrawn 2013) Withdrawn, No replacement 发布日期 :  1970-01-01 实施日期 : 

The results obtained by this test method are useful as guides in determining the tendency of a water-based metalworking coolant to produce foam under low shear conditions. No correlation with changes in heat transfer, pumpability, or other factors affected by foam is intended. The foam generated by any given industrial process depends on the method by which the foam is generated and may not be directly proportional to that produced by this controlled laboratory test method. Further, the foam generated at the specified test temperature will not necessarily predict the foaming tendency of the liquid (that is, metalworking coolant) at some other use temperature.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the increase in volume of a low-viscosity aqueous liquid (less than 3 cSt at 40°C) due to its tendency to foam under low shear conditions. Note 1 - Foam under high shear is covered by Test Method D 3519 which uses a commercial blender.<>1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety information, see 7.13.

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4.1 This test method is applicable to fixed foam firefighting systems, including foam generation equipment, foam distribution system piping and valves, sprinkler arrangement and operation, hose reel unit operation, and system controls, as those components are included in the system for a particular application.4.1.1 Foam systems for machinery spaces are tested using those portions of this test method which apply to the installed components. Suitable adaptation of this test method is made for use with systems which do not include all hardware components described herein.4.1.2 Deck foam systems are tested in accordance with the manufacturer’s design criteria.4.2 This test method demonstrates: satisfactory installation of an entire fixed foam/sprinkling system and its associated controls; and effective operation of portions of the foam distribution system and foam maker sprinkling nozzles for selected zones.4.2.1 This test method verifies application rates and areas of coverage for each type of discharge device of the fixed foam firefighting system.4.2.2 The satisfactory operation of the system in the selected zones is a measure of overall system capacity and anticipated operation for emergency use. The test, however, may not be representative of all emergency operating conditions that may vary with changes in the number of zones that are activated simultaneously, the material condition of the distribution and sprinkling components as they are maintained over time, and restoration of the system following its use for testing or actual emergencies.4.3 Test procedures shall be prepared for the conduct of tests of foam firefighting systems in specific vessels. Those procedures shall be tailored to the system design for the system as installed and operated in each vessel.4.3.1 Tests accomplished in accordance with approved test procedures may be sufficient to demonstrate that the vessel meets the regulatory and classification requirements for the vessel.4.3.2 Approval of test procedures by a classification society may be necessary.4.3.3 Test procedures must state operating parameters and values (for example, flow rate, pressure, time to activate) which define pass/fail criteria for each test.4.4 Certification of the vessel or classification of the vessel or both by the regulatory bodies may require that tests be witnessed by a marine inspector or surveyor or both who represents both regulatory bodies.4.5 Interpretation of Results: 4.5.1 Leakage at any piping system mechanical joint that is corrected “on-the-spot” is not cause for test rejection.4.5.2 Any erratic operation detected in the zone control valves, seawater sprinkling pump discharge bypass-overboard valves, or control devices is cause for rejection of the test. The component causing the erratic operation shall be repaired or replaced and a retest performed.4.5.3 Any operation which does not meet the pass/fail criteria defined by the test procedure(s) is cause for rejection of the test. The cause of the failure shall be determined, the design or installation, or both, corrected as appropriate, and a retest performed.1.1 This test method covers shipboard, fixed (installed) foam/sprinkling firefighting systems.1.2 Satisfactory completion of these tests indicates functional performance of the fixed foam firefighting system and may be used to demonstrate the system installation’s compliance with the design characteristics of the system.1.3 Tests made in conformity with this test method are intended to demonstrate the installation and operation of an installed, fixed foam firefighting system. As it includes regulatory requirements, this standard addresses those vessels subject to regulations and ship classification rules. However, the methods stated herein are suitable for unregulated commercial vessels, pleasure craft, military vessels, and similar vessels that are not required to meet regulations for firefighting systems.1.4 Limitations: 1.4.1 International requirements, national regulations, and ship classification rules must be consulted. The following regulatory requirements and classification society rules were considered in the preparation of this test method:1.4.1.1 International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974 SOLAS Convention, 1978 SOLAS Protocol, and the 1981 and 1983 SOLAS Amendments, II-2/8, “Fixed low-expansion foam extinguishing systems in machinery spaces,”1.4.1.2 U.S. Government regulations included in 46 CFR 76, 46 CFR 95, and 46 CFR 108 as those regulations are written and enforced by the United States Cost Guard, and1.4.1.3 The American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels. However, the owner will designate the specific classification society which is to be used to classify a particular vessel.1.4.2 The requirements, regulations, and rules for a specific design must be selected by the owner based on the planned operating profile for the vessel.1.4.3 This test method reflects international requirements, U.S. Government regulations, and ABS rules in effect at the time it was prepared, and may not include requirements adopted subsequent to the effective date of this test method.1.4.4 This test method does not include requirements for the selection, design, installation, and maintenance of foam firefighting systems. It applies to installed systems whose designs meet all applicable international requirements, national regulations, and ship classification rules.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Data obtained by these methods may be used to determine the transmitted shock cushioning characteristics of foam-in-place packaging materials. These data allow design of cushioning systems that can provide adequate and efficient use of foam for protection of goods during a distribution life-cycle.5.2 These methods, in contrast to other methods that usually test only the cushioning foam, are designed to evaluate foam-in-place cushioning materials in a manner in which the foam-in-place packaging material is used. In particular, the method includes simultaneous use of a plastic film, the foam, and the box usually used in this method of packaging. See Fig. 1.FIG. 1 Specimen Ready For Test1.1 These test methods determine the shock-absorbing characteristics of foam-in-place packaging materials.1.2 Test Method A uses a free-fall package drop test apparatus.1.3 Test Method B uses a shock-test apparatus.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Reproducible and durable adhesive bonds to aluminum alloys can be obtained reliably only through proper selection and careful control of the materials used and the steps in the bonding process. The preparation of the aluminum alloys to obtain clean, uniform surfaces with appropriate characteristics is a critical step. This practice describes how such surfaces can be obtained.1.1 This practice covers the preparation of clean, uniform surfaces of aluminum alloy suitable for formation of durable adhesive bonds in “foam and beam” panels used for the manufacture of tactical rigid wall shelters.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers asbestos-cement organic-foam core insulating panels consisting of a core of insulating cellular plastic sandwiched between and bonded to two sheets of asbestos-cement facing board. Asbestos-cement plastic-foam core panels are normally nonload-bearing panels designed for exterior and interior walls, partitions, curtain walls, and other insulation and decorative purposes. Panels shall be sampled, tested, and conform accordingly to specified properties such as vapor permeability, thermal resistance, adhesive lime bond, flexural strength, breaking load strength, dimensions (thickness, width and length, and squareness), and workmanship, finish, and color.1.1 This specification covers asbestos-cement plastic-foam core panels consisting of a core of insulating cellular plastic sandwiched between and bonded to two sheets of asbestos-cement facing board. Asbestos-cement plastic-foam core panels are normally nonload-bearing panels designed for exterior and interior walls, partitions, curtain walls, and other insulation and decorative purposes.1.2 All measurements and tests necessary for determining the conformity of asbestos-cement plastic-foam core panels with this specification are made in accordance with the test methods covered in Sections 6 and 10.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in parentheses are provided for information only.1.4 Warning—Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe use of chrysoltile asbestos, refer to “Safe Use of Chrysotile Asbestos: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures.”21.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See for a specific hazard warning.

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5.1 This specification is intended to provide information on the properties of adhesives, and the test methods required to evaluate adhesives to be used in the production bonding of aluminum alloys to foam core materials for the manufacture of tactical shelters.AbstractThis specification covers two-part adhesives for bonding aluminum alloy facing to foam core, inserts, edge attachments, and other components of a Type II foam cored sandwich panels. The adhesive should be suitable for forming bonds that can withstand long-term exposure at specified temperatures, and different combinations of stress, temperature, and humidity expected to be encountered in service. The adhesive may be used for new production or depot maintenance. The adhesive shall be a two-part thermosetting epoxy paste containing no asbestos and, when tested, shall meet the following physical and mechanical property requirements: curing time, temperature, and pressure; mix ratio; storage life; adhesive life; room-, low-, and high-temperature shear; hot humidity exposure shear; and room-temperature salt spray exposure shear.1.1 This specification covers two-part adhesives for bonding foam core sandwich panels. The adhesive may be used for new production or depot maintenance. The adhesive should be suitable for forming bonds that can withstand long-term exposure to temperatures from −55 °C  to 93 °C  (−67 °F to 200 °F) and also withstand combinations of stress, temperature, and humidity expected to be encountered in service. The adhesives shall be used for bonding aluminum alloy facing to foam core, inserts, internal aluminum framing members, and other components of a foam cored sandwich panel.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard where only SI units are given or where SI units are given first followed by inch-pound units; where inch-pound units are given first followed by SI units, the inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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定价: 515元 / 折扣价: 438 加购物车

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