5.1 The results of this test indicate whether or not a sheet steel will cause reboiling under one given set of enameling conditions and enable the enamel processor to establish a possible source of imperfections in the finished coating.5.2 This test method is normally used to test samples from lots, coils, or lifts of sheet steel which for some reason, production problems, defects evident on enameled parts, or production experience are suspected of causing defects in enameled ware which have the appearance of reboiling. It is often used to establish whether a problem exists with the bare steel or other factors such as the porcelain enamel, processing contamination, and so forth.1.1 This test method covers the determination of whether a sheet steel for porcelain enameling will reboil under a given set of worse case conditions.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 345元 / 折扣价： 294 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

3.1 This test method is intended specifically for testing the porcelain enamel finish on stoves, table tops, sinks, and other sanitary ware, laundry appliances, architectural units, etc., where the surface may come in contact with food acids at room temperature.3.2 Citric acid has been chosen as the test medium because it is one of the most common of the food acids and will generally provide a measurable result in its action on porcelain enamel.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for evaluating porcelain enamels in their resistance to citric acid exposure at room temperature. No attempt is made to categorize porcelain enamels as to their acid-resistance or non acid-resistance properties, since the requirements in the several branches of the industry differ.1.2 The test method is applicable for ware of various shapes providing they contain a substantially flat area approximately 50 mm in diameter.1.3 The test method is not applicable to finishes on chemical and hospital ware, which may come in contact with strong mineral acids, nor to cooking utensils, which may come in prolonged contact with hot acid solutions.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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2.1 Test Method A provides the producers of porcelain enameled utensils with a quality control method of testing for resistance to boiling acid for parts randomly selected from the production line.2.2 Test Method B provides the supplier of porcelain enamel raw materials with a laboratory method for testing the resistance of different coatings (intended for use on utensils) to boiling acid.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the resistance of porcelain enamel coatings used on utensils to attack by boiling acid.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

3.1 The fineness of the frit has a direct bearing on many of its properties, such as fusibility, tearing, gloss, opacity, suspension in the slip, and ease of spraying.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the fineness of frit in wet- or dry-milled porcelain enamels and other ceramic coatings for metals by means of the No. 200 (75-μm) or No. 325 (45-μm) sieve.1.2 The two methods appear as follows:  Sections    Method A—Referee Method   Method B—Routine Method  4 to 9 10 to 141.3 Method A is intended for use where a referee method of higher accuracy is required, while Method B is intended to meet the needs of normal enamel plant production control operations where a rapid, simplified method of sieve testing is required. The accuracy of the simplified method has proved to be entirely adequate for this use. The simplified test, however, is not recommended where high accuracy is required.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 These definitions pertain to the terminology used in the porcelain enamel and ceramic-coated metal industries.1.2 Words adequately defined in standard dictionaries are not included. Included are words that are peculiar to these industries.1.3 Hyphenated words, double words, or phrases are listed alphabetically under the first word; additional important words are cross-referenced.1.4 When a word or phrase, listed as a synonym, is not separately defined, the defined word or phrase is the accepted or preferred form.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

2.1 The measurement of adherence in porcelain enamel systems, such as ground coat, ground coat/cover coat, and direct-on cover-coat enamels, is an important procedure for monitoring process variables in metal preparation, enamel application thickness, steel selection, and enamel selection, as well as assuring the ultimate quality of the finished product.1.1 The scope of this test method is:1.1.1 To determine quantitatively the amount of enamel remaining after the porcelain enamel coating specimen has been deformed;1.1.2 To standardize the deformation parameters for testing adherence of porcelain enamel to sheet metal; and,1.1.3 To provide a quantitative adherence rating scale for comparison to reference standards.1.2 This adherence test method is applicable to porcelain enamel coatings on substrates from 18 to 24 gauge (0.0478 to 0.025 in. or from 1.214 to 0.654 mm).1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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AbstractThese practices are intended for production and preparation of gray iron castings for porcelain enamelling. Design of the casting should be such as to minimize variations in temperature during firing and cooling. The governing factors in pattern layout and shop control are elimination of discontinuities, chill, and inclusions at or near the surfaces to be coated. Visual inspection methods for enamelling surfaces should place emphasis on the detection and remedy of porosity, sand inclusions, and gas holes. Porosity consisting of essentially subsurface pinholes, shallow covered blows, body scars, or shrinkage near the surface may or may not be acceptable for correction, depending upon severity.1.1 These practices are intended to indicate certain casting characteristics and pre-enameling practices which will facilitate finishing by the wet- or dry-process methods of porcelain enameling. All of the listed recommendations are based on experiences with gray iron casting and enameling.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 The following procedures and practices are intended to provide guidelines for processing and quality control that will provide acceptable results for the intended end use, keeping in mind the varying quality of the castings available.1.2 The recommendations are based on what have been acceptable industry standards and experiences for over 40 years of proven product usage.1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 All porcelain enamel coatings or glass coatings are by necessity under some degree of compression at room temperature. The desired degree of compression or stress depends upon the type of ware and the end use of the item. Some method of determining relative compressive stress of enamels is necessary to establish the suitability of an enamel for a proposed application.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the compressive stresses (Note 1) developed by fired porcelain enamels using the loaded-beam method.NOTE 1: Although some may interpret the calculations that are used in this test method as indicating compressive load, it is commonly referred to as compressive stress within the porcelain enamel industry.1.2 This test method is limited to the use of the loaded-beam method. However, this method includes charts (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) that provide for conversion of loaded-beam test results to warp and ring stress values.FIG. 2 Conversion Chart for Loaded-Beam Stress to Ring Stress1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车