5.1 This guide can be used to produce a specification for the acoustical performance of an enclosure.5.2 This guide is intended for those familiar with basic concepts of acoustics.5.3 Although this guide provides detailed guidance in matters relating to specification of acoustical enclosures, it is not a substitute for the experience and judgment of an acoustical or noise control professional.5.3.1 This guide calls for measurements common within acoustical practice.5.3.2 The more critical the performance requirements of the enclosure, the more the user should consider seeking the services of an acoustics or noise control professional.5.4 The specifying of a sound-isolating enclosure has three sequential steps:5.4.1 Determine the sound pressure levels that exist at specific locations prior to the introduction of the enclosure,NOTE 1: In the case of new construction, the sound pressure level is often estimated from the sound power levels of noise-emitting equipment and a general description of the acoustical properties of the environment.5.4.2 Determine the maximum permissible sound pressure levels that must exist at the same locations after the introduction of the enclosure, and5.4.3 Determine the required enclosure level reduction. The required isolation is related to the difference between the sound pressure levels before and after the introduction of the enclosure.5.5 Many specifications are for multiple enclosures or enclosures with multiple functions, or both. It is beyond the scope of this guide to provide detailed guidance for every possible combination. Separate specifications for each source-enclosure-receiver combination should be used in such a case.5.6 The type of specification that should be selected depends both on the purpose of the enclosure and how crucial its performance is. In general:5.6.1 If exceeding a particular maximum permissible sound pressure level spectrum would render the enclosure unsuccessful, a sound pressure level specification should be used.5.6.1.1 This guide assigns all phases of acoustical design are delegated to the supplier. Compliance is usually more easily verified than with the level reduction method.5.6.2 If the criteria for the success of the enclosure are less stringent or not related to a specific maximum permissible spectrum, a level reduction specification may be used.1.1 The guide covers the development of criteria for the acoustical performance of a broad variety of acoustical enclosures by identifying information necessary to unambiguously describe acoustical performance. This guide is not a standard ASTM specification for a sound-isolating enclosure.1.2 Excluded from the scope of this guide are technical considerations for enclosure design that do not pertain directly to acoustical performance.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This guide is intended to assist acoustical standards-writing groups in the preparation of laboratory accreditation annexes for acoustical test standards (see 4.2.1).

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5.1 The acoustical impedance properties of a sound absorptive material are related to its physical properties, such as airflow resistance, porosity, elasticity, and density. As such, the measurements described in this test method are useful in basic research and product development of sound absorptive materials.5.2 Normal incidence sound absorption coefficients are more useful than random incidence coefficients in certain situations. They are used, for example, to predict the effect of placing material in a small enclosed space, such as inside a machine.5.3 Estimates of the random incidence or statistical absorption coefficients for materials can be obtained from normal incidence impedance data. For materials that are locally reacting, that is, without sound propagation inside the material parallel to its surface, statistical absorption coefficients can be estimated from specific normal acoustic impedance values using an expression derived by London (1).5 Locally reacting materials include those with high internal losses parallel with the surface such as porous or fibrous materials of high density or materials that are backed by partitioned cavities such as a honeycomb core. Formulas for estimating random incidence sound absorption properties for both locally and bulk-reacting materials, as well as for multilayer systems with and without air spaces have also been developed (2).1.1 This test method covers the use of an impedance tube, alternatively called a standing wave apparatus, for the measurement of impedance ratios and the normal incidence sound absorption coefficients of acoustical materials.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Preface This is the first edition of CSA Z107.10, Guide for the use of acoustical Standards in Canada. 1 Scope 1.1 This Guide describes international acoustical and noise control Standards recommended for use in Canada. In addition, recommendati

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5.1 To fully understand the effects of a given treatment, five acoustical factors (transmission loss, acceptance, radiation efficiency, absorption, and damping) must be characterized. For example, only knowing the effect of a given treatment on transmission loss will not allow the acoustical designer or engineer to assess its impacts on propagation of vibration (among other effects), which is an important path to consider for large machinery items and propeller excitation.5.2 It is necessary to have a common definition of acoustical performance and test procedure to determine all five acoustical factors for ship’s treatments so that the performance of different treatment types, as well as the same treatment type from different manufacturers, can be compared.5.3 In some cases, particularly for damping treatments, the effect of the treatment will be dependent on the non-treated structure’s material and geometry and other non-acoustic factors such as environmental conditions (that is, temperature). To fully characterize a treatment it may be necessary to test a range of base constructions. For reasons of practicality, convenience, or economy, it may be sufficient to test only one to three constructions to achieve an understanding of the material performance in a range of practical situations. Additional discussion is provided in Annex A1.1.1 This test method covers the laboratory measurement of the acoustical effectiveness of treatments installed on ship bulkheads, decks, and side shells. Measurements are focused on assessing changes in transmission loss, radiation efficiency, and acceptance that occur when treatments are applied. Measurements of changes to absorption and damping are addressed in Appendix X1 and Appendix X2, respectively.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 Any material that is to be installed on a marine division must meet appropriate fire, combustibility, and other applicable SOLAS, USCG, IMO, Navy, or other required non-acoustical standards and specifications. See Appendix X3 for additional information.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Knowledge of hardness is useful in the development and the quality control of acoustical tile and lay-in ceiling panels. Deviation from an established hardness range will assist in pointing out processing errors or defective raw materials, thereby aiding the maintenance of uniform product quality.4.2 This property is also useful in comparing the relative abilities of materials to resist indentations on the panel surface caused by impacts.4.3 Since the hardness varies with the thickness, only samples of the same thickness shall be directly compared.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the strength properties of prefabricated architectural acoustical tile or lay-in ceiling panels as follows:Tests SectionsHardness 4 to 9 Friability 10 to 16Sag 17 to 23Transverse strength 24 to 301.2 Not all of the tests described in these test methods are necessary to evaluate any particular product for a specific use. In each instance, it is necessary to determine which properties are required.1.3 These test methods specify procedures that are used in product development, manufacturing control, specification acceptance, and service evaluation.1.4 Properties determined by these test methods reflect the performance of the materials under the specific conditions of the test, and do not necessarily indicate performance under conditions other than those specified herein.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems will result in non-conformance with the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This classification is used to classify and aid in the selection of acoustical ceiling products.1.1 This classification covers ceiling products that provide acoustical performance and interior finish in buildings. Products used in performance spaces and other special applications in some cases require more detailed specification than provided by this classification.1.2 This classification classifies acoustical ceilings by type, pattern, and certain ratings for acoustical performance, light reflectance, and fire safety. It does not cover the aspects of acoustical ceilings when used as a component of a system or assembly tested for fire endurance or floor/ceiling sound transmission.1.3 This classification does not include physical properties, such as structural hardness, friability, sag, linear expansion and contraction, and transverse strength, which affect the handling, installation, and use of acoustical ceiling products (see Test Methods C367).1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 This practice is a prescriptive set of installation methods to be used for suspended ceilings and is often used in lieu of designing a separate lateral restraint system. The authority having jurisdiction shall determine the applicability of this practice to local code requirements.3.2 This practice covers installation of suspended ceiling systems and related components in areas that require resistance to the effects of earthquake motions as defined by ASCE 7 and the International Building Code.3.3 The practice is broken into two main sections. The first section covers areas with light to moderate earthquake potential (Seismic Design Category C) while the second deals with severe earthquake potential (Seismic Design Category D, E & F).3.4 This practice includes requirements from multiple sources including previous versions of this practice, CISCA Seismic Recommendations for Direct-hung Acoustical Tile and Lay-in Ceilings, Seismic Zones 0-2 and CISCA Guidelines for Seismic Restraint for Direct Hung Suspended Ceiling Assemblies, Seismic Zones 3 & 4, suspended ceiling requirements from the International Building Code and ASCE 7. The purpose is to combine the requirements from these sources into a single comprehensive document.AbstractThis practice covers acoustical ceiling suspension systems and their additional requirements for application in areas subject to light to moderate seismic disturbance such as Uniform Building Code Seismic Zone 2, the BOCA Basic National Building Code where Av is less than 0.20 but greater than 0.10, and the Standard Building Code (SBC) where Av is less than 0.20 but greater than 0.05. This practice also covers areas subject to moderate to severe seismic disturbance such as Uniform Building Code Seismic Zones 3 and 4, the BOCA Basic National Building Code where Av is greater than 0.20, and the SBC where Av is greater than 0.20. The application of this practice is to be determined by local authorities. Current seismic maps published by recognized authorities such as those previously mentioned, as well as related material such as Open File 82-1033 and MS-812 Seismicity Maps, should be consulted. This practice is not intended to stifle research and development of new products or methods which may simplify the application method specified herein. A variation, however, must be substantiated by verifiable engineering data. A ceiling area of 144 ft2 [13m2] or less, surrounded by walls that connect directly to the structure above shall be exempt from this practice.1.1 This practice covers the installation of suspended systems for acoustical tile and lay-in panels and their additional requirements for two groups of buildings that are constructed to resist the effects of earthquake motions as defined by ASCE 7 and the International Building Code. These groupings are for Seismic Design Category C and Seismic Design Categories D, E and F.1.2 The authority having jurisdiction shall determine the applicability of this practice.1.3 Test Methods E3090/E3090M, Specification C635, and Practice C636 cover suspension systems, their installation, and testing without special regard to seismic lateral restraint needs. They remain applicable and shall be followed when this practice is specified.1.4 Ceilings less than or equal to 144 ft2 [13.4 m2] and surrounded by walls connected to the structure above are exempt from the requirements of this practice.1.5 This practice is not intended to stifle research and development of new products or methods. This practice is not intended to prevent the installation of any material or prohibit any design or method of construction not prescribed in this practice, provided that any such alternative has been substantiated by verifiable engineering data or full-scale dynamic testing that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.1.6 Ceiling areas of 1000 ft2 [92.9 m2] or less shall be exempt from the lateral force bracing requirements of 5.2.8.1.7 Ceilings constructed of gypsum board which is screw or nail attached to suspended members that support a ceiling on one level extending from wall to wall shall be exempt from the requirements of this practice.1.8 Free floating ceilings (those not attached directly to any structural walls) supported by chains or cables from the structure are not required to satisfy the seismic force requirements provided they meet the following requirements:1.8.1 The design load for such items shall equal 1.4 times the vertical operating weight.1.8.2 Seismic interaction effects shall be considered in accordance with 5.7.1.8.3 The connection to the structure shall allow a 360° range of motion in the horizontal plane.1.9 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems result in nonconformance with the specification.1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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