This specification covers double submerged-arc welded, black, plain end steel pipes for use in the conveyance of fluids under pressure. The pipes shall be capable of being welded in the field. Skelp widths for helical seam pipe shall be neither less than 0.8 nor more than 3.0 times the pipe's specified outside diameter. Skelp end welds shall not be permitted in finished pipe, except for helical seam pipe having its skelp end welds manufactured by double submerged-arc welding. For such pipes, skelp ends shall have been properly prepared for welding. The specimens shall undergo the following tests: tension test, guided bend test, Charpy V-notch test, and hydrostatic test. After hydrostatic test, nondestructive examinations by ultrasonic inspection shall be done.1.1 This specification covers double submerged-arc welded, black, plain end steel pipe for use in the conveyance of fluids under pressure. Pipe in sizes NPS 16 and larger, as given in ASME B36.10, are included; pipe having other dimensions, in this size range, are permitted, provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.1.2 It is intended that pipe be capable of being welded in the field when welding procedures in accordance with the requirements of the applicable pipeline construction code are used.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or in SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values in each system are not exact equivalents, therefore, each system is to be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.1.4 The following precautionary statement pertains to the test method portion, Section 14 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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4.1 This practice describes one method for accelerated weathering of pressure-sensitive tapes used primarily for packaging. It is not intended for evaluation the weathering characteristics of pressure-sensitive tapes used in long-term outdoor exposure conditions (see Practice D5105).4.2 This practice does not necessarily provide direct simulation of natural exposure.4.3 Results from use of this practice shall not be represented as being equivalent to those of any natural weathering test until a satisfactory degree of correlation has been established for the material in question.4.4 Variation in results are possible when operating conditions vary within accepted limits for the instrument specified in Practices G151 and G155.1.1 This practice describes one environment for the exposure of pressure-sensitive tape, used primarily for packaging, to a laboratory accelerated weathering environment.1.2 This practice describes sample preparation and the accelerated environment to which it shall be exposed. It does not specify the length of time of the exposure nor what tests shall be performed on the material following the exposure.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Acid etch damage is an important warranty claim item for automotive companies. As a result, acid etch resistance is an important parameter for automotive exterior coatings. The method described in this test method has been shown to simulate acid etch damage of automotive clearcoats that occurs when such coatings are exposed from May through mid-August in Jacksonville, FL.3,5 The accelerated test described in this standard allows year-round testing as opposed to the limited outdoor exposure time available for the Jacksonville, FL exposures.1.1 This test method covers an accelerated exposure test intended to simulate defects in automotive clearcoats caused by acid rain2 that occur at the Jacksonville, Florida exposure site. Exterior exposures at an acid rain test location in Jacksonville, Florida produce etch defects that range from small pits to 12.7 mm [0.5 in.] in diameter or larger acid-etched spots. The latter type of defect is not produced in other acid-etch tests that only produce pits that are smaller than 6.35 mm [0.25 in.] in diameter.3NOTE 1: Digital images of the acid etch defects produced in outdoor acid-rain exposures and in the accelerated test described in this test method are found in Appendix X1.1.2 The accelerated test described in this test method uses a xenon-arc light source with daylight filter conforming to the requirements of Practice G155. Specimens are sprayed with a simulated acid rain solution and requires the use of a horizontal, flat specimen array in order to allow the acid rain solution to remain on the test specimens for an extended period of time.1.3 There is no known ISO equivalent to this test method.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This practice is intended to simulate the effects produced by exposure to solar radiation through glass. This practice uses exposure in a xenon-arc device equipped with window glass filters and operated in accordance with Practices G151 and G155.NOTE 2: Practice D4674 describes exposures in a device that uses a combination of fluorescent “cool white” and ultraviolet (UV) lamps to simulate the effects of exposures to indoor fluorescent light and window glass filtered daylight.4.2 Warning—Variation in results may be expected when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this practice. Therefore, all references to the use of this practice must be accompanied by a report prepared in accordance with Section 9 that describes the specific operating conditions used. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained in accordance with this practice.NOTE 3: Additional information on sources of variability and on strategies for addressing variability in the design, execution and data analysis of laboratory accelerated exposure tests is found in Guide G141.4.3 Test results will depend upon the care that is taken to operate the equipment in accordance with Practice G155. Significant factors include regulation of line voltage, temperature and humidity control, and condition and age of the lamps and filters.4.4 Reproducibility of test results between laboratories has been shown to be good when the stability of materials is evaluated in terms of performance ranking compared to other materials or to a control.4,5 Therefore, exposure of a similar material of known performance (a control) at the same time as the test materials is strongly recommended. The number of specimens of the control material should be the same as that used for test materials. It is recommended that at least three replicates of each material be exposed to allow for statistical evaluation of results.1.1 This practice covers specific procedures and test conditions that are applicable for exposure of plastics in window glass-filtered xenon-arc devices in accordance with Practices G151 and G155 for evaluating the stability of plastics intended for use in indoor applications.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this practice.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This practice can be used for a range of purposes including incident replication, development of improved arc rated protective products, and the determination of the response characteristics and design integrity of new or used arc rated finished products intended for use as protection for workers exposed to electric arcs.5.1.1 In-service garments can have very different wash and wear histories. Caution must be used when applying test results from a particular used garment. Factors to consider include the garments’ wear histories, work environments, and tasks for which the garments were worn; the methods and facilities for garment maintenance; the number of launderings or processings the garments have been subjected to; and other factors that could impact the protective performance of different garments. Test results from specific used garments should be considered only an approximation of results that might be obtained from other used garments of the same type.5.1.2 When using the practice for evaluating flame resistance, great care should be taken since ignition by electric arc is a statistical phenomenon. An exposure of 20 cal/cm2 has been consistently shown to evaluate most ignitable materials but some may require higher energy to reach the breakopen point of the fabric depending on coatings or specific fiber types. Consider using a vertical flame test such as Test Method D6413 to evaluate for ignition and use this practice for illustration.5.2 This practice maintains the specimen in a static, vertical position and does not involve movement except that resulting from the exposure.1.1 This practice identifies protocols for use in conducting arc testing on finished products intended for use as thermal protection by workers who may be exposed to electric arc hazards.1.1.1 The practice is also used for other components which can be exposed to electric arc, but which do not require an arc rating.1.1.1.1 If items are tested and they do not meet the appropriate standard, it is the responsibility of the specimen submitter to provide this information for indication in the test report.1.2 Arc Rated protective items are typically tested using this practice to evaluate the performance of the interface area between the product and the other arc flash PPE or to evaluate zippers and other findings.1.3 This practice does not establish an arc rating for any product. Other ASTM test methods are to be used when applicable such as ASTM F1959/F1959M, F2178, and F2675.1.4 This practice is not intended to produce an arc rating and does not replicate in all types of arc exposures.1.5 This practice is used with the following standards:1.5.1 Protective fabric materials receive arc ratings from Test Method F1959/F1959M.1.5.2 Face protective products receive arc ratings from Test Method F2178.1.5.3 Gloves receive arc ratings from Test Method F2675.1.5.4 Rainwear materials, findings and closures are specified by Specification F1891.1.5.5 Garments are specified by Specification F1506.1.6 The test specimens used in this practice are typically in the form of arc-rated finished products. These arc-rated finished products may include, but are not limited to, single layer garments, multi-layer garments or ensembles, cooling vests, gloves, sleeves, chaps, rainwear, balaclavas, faceshields, and hood assemblies with hood shield windows. Non-arc rated finished products may be included when part of a flame-resistant system, or for evaluating heat transmission through the finished product for incident reenactment, or for evaluation of products needed but not available as arc rated (such as respirators, etc.)1.7 The arc rated finished product specimens are new products as sold or products which have been used for the intended purpose for a designated time.1.8 This practice is used to determine the response characteristics or design integrity of arc-rated materials, products, or assemblies in the form of finished products when exposed to radiant and convective energy generated by an electric arc under controlled laboratory conditions.1.9 This practice can be used to determine the integrity of closures and seams in arc exposures, the protective performance of arc-rated products in areas where garment overlap occurs or where heraldry reflective trim or other items are used, and response characteristics such as afterflame time, melting, dripping, deformation, shrinkage, ignition, or other damage, or combination thereof, of fabrics, systems of fabrics, flammable undergarments when included as part of a system, sewing thread, findings, and closures.1.10 This practice can be used for incident reenactment, training demonstrations, and material/design comparisons.1.11 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.12 This standard shall not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire assessment, which takes into account all of the factors, which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.1.13 This standard does not purport to describe or appraise the effect of the electric arc fragmentation explosion and subsequent molten metal splatter, which involves the pressure wave containing molten metals and possible fragments of other materials except to the extent that evidence of projectile damage is assessed and reported.1.14 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautions, see Section 7.1.15 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers metal-arc-welded steel pipe for use with high pressure transmission systems. The pipe is intended for fabrication of fittings and accessories for compressor or pump-station piping. The required chemical compositions for carbon steel, and the tensile properties of finished pipes are presented. Mechanical testing requirements namely transverse body tension test and transverse weld tension test shall be performed on each length of pipe from each lot of 100 lengths, and transverse guided-bend weld test cut from a length of pipe from each lot of 50 length, also hydrostatic test from each length of pipes shall be performed. A radiographic examination shall also be performed to ensure that the welding equipment is consistently producing the required quality.1.1 This specification covers straight seam, double-submerged-arc-welded carbon or high-strength low-alloy steel pipe (Note 1) suitable for high-pressure service, 16 in. [400 mm] and larger in outside diameter, with wall thicknesses from 5/16 to 11/2 in. [8 to 40 mm]. The pipe is intended for fabrication of fittings and accessories for compressor or pump-station piping. Pipe ordered to this specification shall be suitable for bending, flanging, corrugating, and similar operations.NOTE 1: A comprehensive listing of standardized pipe dimensions is contained in ANSI B36.10.NOTE 2: The term “double welded” is commonly used in the gas and oil transmission industry, for which this pipe is primarily intended, to indicate welding with at least two weld passes, of which one is on the outside of the pipe and one on the inside. For some sizes of the pipe covered by this specification, it becomes expedient to use manual welding, in which case the provisions of Note 3 shall be followed.1.2 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract specifies the applicable M specification designation (SI units), the applicable inch-pound units shall apply. The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.1.3 Eleven classes of pipe, based on minimum yield point requirements, are covered as indicated in Table 1.1.4 This specification identifies various thermal treatments (4.1.9, 6.5, and 6.6).1.5 The following caveat applies to the test methods portion, Sections 10, 11, and 12, only. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 This guide identifies the responsibilities of the fiber, fabric, and clothing manufacturers, as well as the processor, the processor's chemical supplier, and the end user.5.2 This guide describes the key components involved in an industrial laundry program for the care and maintenance of flame resistant and arc rated clothing.5.3 The guidelines in this standard will provide a processor assistance to develop a processing system that maintains the flame resistant or arc rated clothing during its useful service life.5.3.1 The development of published formulas for each fabric and level of soiling is difficult at any given point in time due to ongoing, continuous improvement of flame resistant and arc rated clothing, including new fibers, fabrics, and laundering equipment and procedures.5.4 The guide also provides suggestions as to when flame resistant or arc rated garments should be removed from service.5.5 Flame resistant or arc rated protective clothing not processed by an industrial laundry supplier are subject to a home laundry process and are subject to Guide F2757.5.5.1 When wearers choose to launder their flame resistant or arc rated protective clothing at home, the laundry supplier cannot be held responsible for the condition of the garments.1.1 This guide provides recommendations for the care and maintenance of clothing that is flame resistant or arc rated.1.2 These recommendations address the industrial laundering process. Industrial laundering is an effective cleaning process for flame resistant or arc rated clothing; follow all label care instructions. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends leaving clothing soiled with hazardous chemicals at work to be laundered by the employer or, if such clothing is washed at home, to launder separately from the family wash.1.2.1 This guide does not apply to dry cleaning of flame resistant or arc rated clothing. For more information on dry cleaning, follow label instructions or contact your garment supplier. Dry cleaning indicates cleaning by a professional dry cleaner.1.2.2 This guide does not apply to home laundering of flame resistant or arc rated clothing. For more information on home laundering, follow label instructions or contact your garment supplier. Home laundering indicates laundering in a home laundering machine. For more information on home laundering, see Guide F2757.1.3 It is important that potentially flammable contaminants are removed from garments during the wash process. If flammable contaminants are not removed, the flame resistance of the garment may be compromised. Effective cleaning and proper maintenance of the protective characteristics of flame resistant or arc rated clothing should include consideration of cleaning, repair, and replacement.1.3.1 To reduce the potential of employees wearing garments contaminated with flammable substances, the end user should analyze the soil conditions to which a wearer may be exposed, along with the effectiveness of the industrial wash procedure. If it is deemed ineffective, effective solutions should be pursued (dry cleaning, surfactants, disposable FR coveralls, etc.).1.4 It is important that the processes and materials used to launder flame resistant garments are compatible with the FR materials to ensure that the FR protection of the garment is not compromised during the laundering process.1.5 It is the responsibility of the end user to determine if their laundering method is the appropriate care and maintenance procedure for their application. (See Appendix X1 and X1.1.)1.6 This guide does not apply to specialized protective garments such as specialized firefighter turnout gear and proximity firefighter ensembles.1.7 This guide also identifies inspection criteria that are significant to the performance of flame resistant or arc rated clothing.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The ability of a paint or coating to resist deterioration of its physical and optical properties caused by exposure to light, heat, and water can be very significant for many applications. This practice is intended to induce property changes associated with end-use conditions, including the effects of sunlight, moisture, and heat. The exposure used in this practice is not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater exposure.4.2 Cautions—Variation in results may be expected when different operating conditions are used. Therefore, no reference to the use of this practice shall be made unless accompanied by a report prepared according to Section 10 that describes the specific operating conditions used. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained according to this practice.NOTE 1: Additional information on sources of variability and on strategies for addressing variability in the design, execution, and data analysis of laboratory accelerated exposure tests is found in Guide G141.4.2.1 The spectral power distribution of light from an open-flame carbon-arc is significantly different from that produced in light and water exposure devices using other carbon-arc configurations or other light sources. The type and rate of degradation and the performance rankings produced by exposures to filtered open-flame carbon-arcs can be much different from those produced by exposures to other types of laboratory light sources.4.2.2 Interlaboratory comparisons are valid only when all laboratories use the same type of carbon-arc, filters, and exposure conditions.4.3 Reproducibility of test results between laboratories has been shown to be good when the stability of materials is evaluated in terms of performance ranking compared to other materials or to a control.4,5 Therefore, exposure of a similar material of known performance (a control) at the same time as the test materials is strongly recommended. It is recommended that at least three replicates of each material be exposed to allow for statistical evaluation of results.4.4 Test results will depend upon the care that is taken to operate the equipment according to Practice G152. Significant factors include regulation of line voltage, freedom from salt or other deposits from water, temperature and humidity control, and conditions of the electrodes.4.5 All references to exposures in accordance with this practice must include a complete description of the test cycle used.1.1 This practice covers the selection of test conditions for accelerated exposure testing of coatings and related products in filtered open-flame carbon-arc devices conducted according to Practices G151 and G152. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens, the test conditions suited for coatings, and the evaluation of test results.1.2 This practice does not cover enclosed carbon-arc exposures of paints and related coatings, which is described in Practice D5031/D5031M. Another procedure for exposing these products is covered by Practice D3361/D3361M, in which the specimens are subjected to radiation from an unfiltered open-flame carbon arc that produces shorter wavelengths and higher levels of short wavelength radiation than filtered open-flame or enclosed carbon arcs.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The ability of a plastic material to resist deterioration of its electrical, mechanical, and optical properties caused by exposure to light, heat, and water can be very significant for many applications. This practice is intended to induce property changes associated with end-use conditions, including the effects of daylight, moisture, and heat. The exposure used in this practice is not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena, such as, atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater exposure.4.2 Caution—Variations in results are possible when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this practice. Therefore, all references to the use of this practice must be accompanied by a report prepared in accordance with Section 9 that describes the specific operating conditions used. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained in accordance with this practice.NOTE 2: Additional information on sources of variability and on strategies for addressing variability in the design, execution, and data analysis of laboratory-accelerated exposure tests is found in Guide G141.4.3 Reproducibility of test results between laboratories has been shown to be good when the stability of materials is evaluated in terms of performance ranking compared to other materials or to a control.6,7 Therefore, exposure of a similar material of known performance (a control) at the same time as the test materials is strongly recommended. It is preferable that the number of specimens of the control material be the same as that used for test materials. It is recommended that at least three replicates of each material be exposed to allow for statistical evaluation of results.4.4 Test results will depend upon the care that is taken to operate the equipment in accordance with Practice G155. Significant factors include regulation of line voltage, freedom from salts or other deposits from water, temperature and humidity control, and condition and age of the lamp and filters.1.1 This practice covers specific procedures and test conditions that are applicable for xenon-arc exposure of plastics conducted in accordance with Practices G151 and G155. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens, the test conditions best suited for plastics, and the evaluation of test results.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: This practice and ISO 4892-2 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This method is intended to induce property changes associated with end-use conditions, including the effects of solar radiation, moisture, and heat. The exposure used is not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater exposure.5.2 The relation between time to failure in an exposure conducted in accordance with this test method and service life in a specific outdoor environment requires determination of an acceleration factor, as defined in Terminology G113. The acceleration factor is material dependent and is only valid if it is based on data from a sufficient number of separate exterior and laboratory-accelerated exposures so that the results used to relate times to failure in each exposure can be analyzed using statistical methods.NOTE 1: An example of a statistical analysis using multiple laboratory and exterior exposures to calculate an acceleration factor is described by J. A. Simms.4 See Practice G151 for more information and additional cautions about the use of acceleration factors.5.2.1 The deterioration curve obtained from the results of this test method enables the user to determine the tendency of a geotextile to deteriorate when exposed to xenon arc radiation, water, and heat.5.3 Variation in results may be expected when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this test method. Its intended use is as a qualitative assessment of the presence of ultraviolet inhibitors, and comparison of that influence between products. However, no inference to the time of stability should be implied by the test results to the relation between time duration and outdoor exposure.NOTE 2: Information on sources of variability and on strategies for addressing variability in the design, execution, and data analysis of laboratory-accelerated exposure tests is found in Guide G141.5.3.1 If it becomes necessary for the purchaser and seller to use this test method for acceptance testing, the statistical bias, if any, between the purchaser's and seller's laboratories should be determined. Such comparison is based on specimens randomly drawn from the sample of geotextile being evaluated.5.3.2 In such cases, at a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible, and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing started. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of the known bias.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the deterioration in tensile strength of geotextiles by exposure to xenon arc radiation, moisture, and heat.1.2 The light and water exposure apparatus employs a xenon arc light source.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

9.1 This specification’s test method is used to determine an arc rating for eye or face protective products, including face shields, safety spectacles, goggles, or other applicable portions of the complete product that are required to meet the current version of ANSI/ISEA Z87.1. This excludes the textile or parts of the hood assemblies or other rated products that are not testable by ANSI/ISEA Z87.1. This standard does not measure optical and impact properties (see ANSI/ISEA Z87.1) but does specify requirements for optical and impact properties in accordance with that standard.9.2 The test method is used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to convective and radiant energy generated by an electric arc under controlled laboratory conditions and does not purport to predict damage from light other than the thermal aspects measured.9.3 The specification’s test method is intended for the determination of the arc rating of a product/design, intended for use as eye or face protection for workers exposed to electric arcs. For whole body protection, additional personal protective equipment (PPE) will be required for parts not covered by this standard.9.3.1 Because of the variability of the arc exposure, different heat transmission values may be observed at individual sensors. The results of each sensor are evaluated in accordance with Section 16.9.4 This test method maintains the specimen in a static, vertical position and does not involve movement except that resulting from the exposure.9.5 Different exposure conditions produce different incident energies and different heat fluxes. This standard exposure is used for comparison of products and hazard assessment methods may use multiplication factors or other means for determining protection.9.6 The purchaser has the option to perform or have performed any of these tests to verify the performance of the eye or face protective product. Claims for failure to meet the specification are subject to verification by the manufacturer.9.7 In addition to the standard set of exposure conditions, other conditions representative of the expected hazard may be used and shall be reported should this data be cited.1.1 This product specification is used to determine the arc rating and specify the requirements for products intended for use as eye or face protection for workers exposed to electric arcs. The arc rating is determined in the test with an arc which has a heat flux value of 2100 kW/m2 [50 cal/cm2/s]. Products are tested as sold.1.2 The products covered by this standard are in the form of faceshields attached to the head by protective helmets (hard hats), headgear, hood assemblies, safety spectacles or goggles. Faceshields, safety spectacles or goggles are tested with or without other face and head protective products, for example, sock hoods, balaclavas, sweat shirt hoods or jacket hoods.1.2.1 Fabric layers used in the design of face protection products such as in hood, neck guards, balaclava, meet the requirements of Specification F1506. When fabrics are designed into the protection provided for eye or face protective products, the arc rating of fabric system is first determined by Test Method F1959/F1959M.1.2.2 The arc rating of the eye or face protective product which requires fabric to provide protection to the face or head will not be higher than the lower arc rating of either the fabric system or the shield/visor assembly.1.3 The values stated in SI units shall be regarded as standard except as noted. Within the text, alternate units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, alternate systems must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the systems described in the text may result in nonconformance with the method.1.4 This standard does not purport to describe or appraise the effect of the electric arc fragmentation or propulsion of parts of equipment or molten metal splatter, deposited from the pressure wave containing molten metals and possible fragments of other materials except to the extent that heat energy transmission due to these arc explosion phenomena is reduced by test specimens.1.5 This standard shall not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards see Section 11.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 The purpose of this practice is to measure the total or stagnation gas enthalpy of a plasma-arc gas stream in which nonreactive gases are heated by passage through an electrical discharge device during calibration tests of the system.3.2 The plasma arc represents one heat source for determining the performance of high temperature materials under simulated hyperthermal conditions. As such the total or stagnation enthalpy is one of the important parameters for correlating the behavior of ablation materials.3.3 The most direct method for obtaining a measure of total enthalpy, and one which can be performed simultaneously with each material test, if desired, is to perform an energy balance on the arc chamber. In addition, in making the energy balance, accurate measurements are needed since the efficiencies of some plasma generators are low (as low as 15 to 20 % or less in which case the enthalpy depends upon the difference of two quantities of nearly equal magnitude). Therefore, the accuracy of the measurements of the primary variables must be high, all energy losses must be correctly taken into account, and steady-state conditions must exist both in plasma performance and fluid flow.3.4 In particular it is noted that total enthalpy as determined by the energy balance technique is most useful if the plasma generator design minimizes coring effects. If nonuniformity exists the enthalpy determined by energy balance gives only the average for the entire plasma stream, whereas the local enthalpy experienced by a model in the core of the stream may be much higher. More precise methods are needed to measure local variations in total enthalpy.1.1 This practice covers the measurement of total gas enthalpy of an electric-arc-heated gas stream by means of an overall system energy balance. This is sometimes referred to as a bulk enthalpy and represents an average energy content of the test stream which may differ from local values in the test stream.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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2.1 The significance of the variables set forth in this guide was proved by various laboratories using several test systems at test currents ranging from 100 to 35 000 A. These variables will be significant for any case where voltage and current are sufficient to produce arcing.1.1 This guide covers the major variables which affect the rate of arc erosion of electrical contact materials and serves as a guide in developing more detailed specifications for arc-erosion tests.1.2 Arc erosion testing involves some vaporization of material. It is the responsibility of the user to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet for the material being tested.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method determines the ignitability of materials in single or multiple layers.5.1.1 Material performance shall be determined from the ignitability of the specimen(s) and shall be reported as a probability of ignition at various incident energy levels.5.1.2 Materials which meet the flame resistance requirements of Specification F1506 do not require testing by this test method unless the mechanism of passing Specification F1506 involves melting and escape from the flame source (for example, coated fabrics, certain rainwear fabrics).5.2 This test method maintains the specimen in a static, vertical position and does not involve movement except that resulting from the exposure.5.3 This test method specifies a standard set of exposure conditions. Different exposure conditions may produce different results. In addition to the standard set of exposure conditions, other conditions representative of the expected hazard may be used.1.1 This test method is used to identify materials that are ignitable and that can continue to burn when exposed to an electric arc, and determines (a) the incident exposure energy that causes ignition, and (b) the probability of ignition.1.2 The specimens tested in this test method are materials fabricated in the form of shirts.1.3 This test method shall be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to convective and radiant energy generated by an electric arc under controlled laboratory conditions.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.5 This standard shall not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 For specific precautions, see Section 7.

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5.1 This test method is intended for the determination of the arc rating of a material, or a combination of materials.5.1.1 Because of the variability of the arc exposure, different heat transmission values may be observed at individual sensors. Evaluate the results of each sensor in accordance with Section 12.5.2 This test method maintains the specimen in a static, vertical position and does not involve movement except that resulting from the exposure.5.3 This test method specifies a standard set of arc exposures performed under controlled laboratory conditions. Different exposure conditions have the potential to produce different results. In addition to the standard set of exposure conditions, other conditions representative of the expected hazard may be used and shall be documented in the reporting of the testing results.1.1 This test method is used to determine the arc rating of materials intended for use as flame resistant clothing for workers exposed to electric arcs that would generate heat flux rates of approximately 2100 kW/m2 [50 cal/cm2s] using an open air arc.1.2 This test method will determine the arc rating of materials which meet the following requirements: less than 150 mm [6 in.] char length and less than 2 s afterflame when tested in accordance with Test Method D6413.1.2.1 It is not the intent of this test method to evaluate non flame-resistant materials.1.3 The materials used in this test method are in the form of flat specimens.1.4 This test method shall be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to convective and radiant energy generated by an electric arc under controlled laboratory conditions.1.5 The values stated in SI units shall be regarded as standard except as noted. Within the text, alternate units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents therefore alternate systems must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the systems described in the text may result in nonconformance with the method.1.6 This test method does not apply to electrical contact or electrical shock hazards.1.7 This standard shall not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautions, see Section 7.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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