定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

4.1 This test method will provide a relationship between time to failure, creep rate, and displacement to failure for specific failure loads at specific test temperatures as well as a relationship between creep rate and applied load at specific test temperatures for loads less than failure loads.4.2 Pile design for specific soil temperatures may be controlled by either limiting long-term stress to below long-term strength or by limiting allowable settlement over the design life of the structure. It is the purpose of this test method to provide the basic information from which the limiting strength or long-term settlement may be evaluated by geotechnical engineers.4.3 Data derived from pile tests at specific ground temperatures that differ from the design temperatures must be corrected to the design temperature by the use of data from additional pile tests, laboratory soil strength tests, or published correlations, if applicable, to provide a suitable means of correction.4.4 For driven piles or grouted piles, failure will occur at the pile/soil interface. For slurry piles, failure can occur at either the pile/slurry interface or the slurry/soil interface, depending on the strength and deformation properties of the slurry material and the adfreeze bond strength. Location of the failure surface must be taken into account in the design of the test program and in the interpretation of the test results. Dynamic loads must be evaluated separately.NOTE 1: The quality of the results produced by application of this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 The test methods described in this standard measure the axial deflection of a vertical or inclined deep foundation when loaded in static axial compression. These methods apply to all deep foundations, referred to herein as piles, that function in a manner similar to driven piles or cast-in-place piles, regardless of their method of installation, and may be used for testing single piles or pile groups. The test results may not represent the long-term performance of a deep foundation.1.2 This standard provides minimum requirements for testing deep foundations under static axial compressive load. Plans, specifications, and/or provisions prepared by a qualified engineer may provide additional requirements and procedures as needed to satisfy the objectives of a particular test program. The engineer in responsible charge of the foundation design, referred to herein as the Engineer, shall approve any deviations, deletions, or additions to the requirements of this standard.1.3 This standard allows the following test procedures:Procedure A Quick Test 8.1.2Procedure B Maintained Test (Optional) 8.1.3Procedure C Loading in Excess of Maintained Test (Optional) 8.1.4Procedure D Constant Time Interval Test (Optional) 8.1.5Procedure E Constant Rate of Penetration Test (Optional) 8.1.6Procedure F Constant Movement Increment Test (Optional) 8.1.7Procedure G Cyclic Loading Test (Optional) 8.1.81.4 Apparatus and procedures herein designated “optional” may produce different test results and may be used only when approved by the Engineer. The word “shall” indicates a mandatory provision, and the word “should” indicates a recommended or advisory provision. Imperative sentences indicate mandatory provisions.1.5 A qualified geotechnical engineer should interpret the test results obtained from the procedures of this standard so as to predict the actual performance and adequacy of piles used in the constructed foundation. See Appendix X1 for comments regarding some of the factors influencing the interpretation of test results.1.6 A qualified engineer shall design and approve all loading apparatus, loaded members, support frames, and test procedures. The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard. This standard also includes illustrations and appendixes intended only for explanatory or advisory use.1.7 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.8 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound [lbf] represents a unit of force [weight], while the unit for mass is slugs. The rationalized slug unit is not given, unless dynamic [F=ma] calculations are involved.1.9 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.1.10 The method used to specify how data are collected, calculated, or recorded in this standard is not directly related to the accuracy to which the data can be applied in design or other uses, or both. How one applies the results obtained using this standard is beyond its scope.1.11 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 9.1.12 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method is for the rapid assessment of the static segregation resistance of self-consolidating concrete.5.2 The method is useful for rapid assessment of the static segregation resistance of self-consolidating concrete during mixture development in the laboratory as well as prior to placement of the mixture in the field. Test Method C1610/C1610M for static segregation of SCC is not sufficiently rapid, and the non-mandatory Visual Stability Index as determined through the procedure described in Appendix X1 of Test Method C1611/C1611M is highly subjective and qualitative.5.3 Appendix X1 provides non-mandatory criteria that may be used to indicate the degree of static segregation resistance of self-consolidating concrete mixtures.1.1 This test method covers the rapid assessment of static segregation resistance of normal-weight self-consolidating concrete (SCC). The test does not measure static segregation resistance directly, but provides an assessment of whether static segregation is likely to occur.1.2 The test apparatus and protocol were developed based on tests with SCC mixtures containing saturated surface dry (SSD) coarse aggregates ranging in relative density from 2.67 to 2.79 and in nominal maximum size from 9.5 mm to 25 mm. For SCC mixtures outside these ranges, testing is recommended to establish a correlation between penetration depth and static segregation measured in accordance with Test Method C1610/C1610M. This test method shall not be used to assess the static segregation resistance of self-consolidating concrete containing lightweight aggregates or heavyweight aggregates without prior testing to establish a correlation.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method is intended for quality assurance and production control purposes.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the static load capacity of hunting saddles and bridge in terms of a factor of safety relative to the manufacturer’s rated capacity.1.2 The values shared are in inch-pound units and are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 This test method is designed to quantify the static and dynamic characteristics of different designs of single level spinal constructs. Wear may also be assessed for implants that allow motion using testing medium (see 6.1) for simulating the physiologic environment at 37 °C. Wear is assessed using a weight loss method in addition to dimensional analyses. Weight loss is determined after subjecting the implants to dynamic profiles specified in this test method. This information will allow the manufacturer or end user of the product to understand how the specific device in question performs under the test conditions prescribed in this test method.4.2 This test method is intended to be applicable for single level extra-discal spinal constructs. Three different types of fixtures are specified for testing single level extra-discal spinal constructs See Fig. 2, Fig. 4, and Fig. 5. See also Table 1.4.3 Implants may be designed using a variety of materials (for example, ceramics, metals, polymers, or combinations thereof), and it is the goal of this test method to enable a comparison of the static, dynamic, and wear properties generated by these devices, regardless of material and type of device.AbstractThis test method deals with static, dynamic, and wear testing of extra-discal motion preserving implants. These implants are intended to augment spinal stability without significant tissue removal while allowing motion of the functional spinal unit(s). Wear is assessed using a weight loss method and a dimensional analysis for determining wear of components used in extra-discal spinal motion preserving procedures, using testing medium as defined in this test method. This test method is not intended to address facet arthroplasty devices and any potential failure mode as it relates to the fixation of the device to its bony interfaces; and does not prescribe methods for assessing the mechanical characteristics of the device in translation. The static test includes the static flexion test, static extension test, static torsion test, static lateral bending test, and fatigue tests. Wear test includes flexion/extension wear assessment, rotational wear assessment, and bending wear assessment. The apparatus which shall be used includes implant components and spinal testing apparatus. The calculation and interpretation of wear results are also elaborated.1.1 This test method describes methods to assess the static and dynamic properties of single level spinal constructs.1.2 An option for assessing wear using a weight loss method and a dimensional analysis is given. This method, described herein, is used for the analysis of devices intended for motion preservation, using testing medium as defined in this standard (6.1).1.3 This test method is not intended to address any potential failure mode as it relates to the fixation of the device to its bony interfaces.1.4 It is the intent of this test method to enable single level extra-discal spinal constructs with regard to kinematic, functional, and wear characteristics when tested under the specified conditions.1.5 This test method is not intended to address facet arthroplasty devices.1.6 In order that the data be reproducible and comparable within and between laboratories, it is essential that uniform procedures be established. This test method is intended to facilitate uniform testing methods and data reporting.1.7 The motion profiles specified by this test method do not necessarily accurately reproduce those occurring in vivo. Rather this method provides useful boundary/endpoint conditions for evaluating implant designs in a functional manner.1.8 This test method is not intended to be a performance standard. It is the responsibility of the user of this test method to characterize the safety and effectiveness of the device under evaluation.1.9 Multiple test methods are included in this standard. However, it must be noted that the user is not obligated to test using all of the described methods. Instead, the user should only select test methods that are appropriate for a particular device design. In most instances, only a subset of the herein described test methods will be required.1.10 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard with the exception of angular measurements, which may be reported in either degrees or radians. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.11 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.12 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

1.1 This test method covers procedures for static loading of various components of treestands, climbing sticks, and tripod/tower stands that are used for hunting, photographing, or general observation. This test method includes the corresponding factors of safety that each component should be evaluated to as shown in Table 1. 1.2 The values stated are in inch-pound units and are to be regarded as the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 This test method is intended for testing the porcelain enamel finish on oven parts of self-cleaning ranges.4.2 The numerical values and visual evaluation derived by this test method are used to measure differences in heat resistant characteristics between enamel formulas intended to meet oven manufacturer specifications.1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of static heat effects on porcelain enamel coatings.1.2 This test method is adaptable to various temperatures and times, since the requirements in the porcelain enameling industry differ between manufacturers.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 Inflation pressure retention is an important property of tire performance because underinflation can adversely affect tire rolling resistance, handling, structural integrity, and tread life.5.2 This test method is useful for research and development evaluation of the effects of tire component formulations and geometry on inflation pressure retention. Testing for rate of pressure loss under static conditions is practical because of the following:5.2.1 Tires in normal use are predominantly at rest, and5.2.2 Relative air diffusion rates of various tires in normal intermittent road service will correlate with static relative rates, to a first approximation. The relative air diffusion rates of different tires may not be quite the same under dynamic flexing as when tested statically, but the difference is believed to be small.5.3 The results from this test method are not suitable for inferring tire inflation retention under severe service conditions, such as heavy cornering or impacts, that might cause significant air loss at the tire-rim seal.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the rate of inflation pressure loss resulting from air diffusion through the structures of tubeless tires under constant temperature conditions. The testing is done under static conditions, that is, nonrotating, nonloaded tires.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 Whenever two dissimilar materials are contacted and separated, excess electrostatic charge (triboelectric charge) will be found on these materials if at least one of the materials is a good insulator. This excess charge gives rise to electric fields which can exert forces on other objects. If these fields exceed the breakdown strength of the surrounding gas, a disruptive discharge (spark) can occur. The heat from this discharge can ignite explosive atmospheres, the light can fog photosensitized materials, and the current flowing in a static discharge can cause catastrophic failure of solid state devices. Electric forces can be used beneficially, as in electrostatic copying, spray painting and beneficiation of ores. They can be detrimental as when they attract dirt to a surface or when they cause sheets to stick together. Since most plastic materials in use today have very good insulating qualities, it is difficult to avoid generation of static electricity. Since it depends on many parameters, it is difficult to generate static electricity reliably and reproducibly.1.1 This test method covers the generation of electrostatic charge, the measurement of this charge and its associated electric field, and the test conditions which must be controlled in order to obtain reproducible results. This test method is applicable to both solids and liquids. This test method is not applicable to gases, since a transfer of a gas with no solid impurities in it does not generate an electrostatic charge. This test method also does not cover the beneficial uses of static electrification, its associated problems or hazards, or the elimination or reduction of unwanted electrostatic charge.21.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method is of particular use as a quality control tool for a molding or synthesis operation. Acetaldehyde is a volatile degradation product generated during melt processing of PET. Thus, it becomes trapped in the sidewalls of a molded article and desorbs slowly into the contents packaged therein. In some foods and beverages AA can impart an off-taste that is undesirable, thus, it is important to know its concentration in PET articles that are to be used in food contact applications.5.2 The desorption conditions of 150 °C for 60 min are such that no measurable AA is generated by the sample during the desorption process.1.1 This test method covers a gas chromatographic procedure for the determination of the ppm residual acetaldehyde (AA) present in poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) homo-polymers and co-polymers which are used in the manufacture of beverage bottles. This includes sample types of both amorphous and solid-stated pellet and preform samples, as opposed to the bottle test, Test Method D4509, an acetaldehyde test requiring 24 h of desorption time at 23 °C into the bottle headspace and then the concentration of the headspace quantified by a similar GC method.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车